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Topic: Thoros II of Armenia

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	Thoros III of Armenia . Sempad of Armenia . July 23 . 1292 . 1271 . January 9 . Hethum II of Armenia . 1307 . Leo III ...
		Sempad or Sambat of Armenia died c.1310 was king of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, ruling from 1297 to 1299.
		Sempad seized the throne while his brother Hethum II of Armenia Hethum II was in Constantinople, and on Hethum s return, Sempad had Hethum blinded and imprisoned.
		Leo or Leon III of Armenia c.1236-1289 was king of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, ruling from 1270 to 1289.
	www.uk.knowledge-info.org /Thoros_III_of_Armenia-UK-4282442-go (425 words)

	Thoros II of Armenia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Thoros II of Armenia (died 1169) was prince of Armenia, ruling from 1144 to 1169.
		He was the son of Leo I of Armenia and Beatrice de Rethel.
		He had at least two children: Ruben II and a daughter who married the Emperor of Cyprus.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/thoros_ii_of_armenia (138 words)

	Armenia and Georgia, Culmen Europae
		The differences are that (1) Armenia was not a Greek colony but the realm of an indigenous people of Anatolia, like the Phrygians and Cappadocians, and (2) Armenia outlived all the Greek colonies, all the other ancient kingdoms of Anatolia, and even Rome itself.
		Armenia has thus traditionally been regarded as the first officially Christian country, though, with uncertainties in dating, Ethiopia may be able to challenge this.
		The Kingdom of Armenia in the Taurus Mountains of Cilicia is called "Lesser" Armenia in contrast to the "Greater Armenia" of the Armenian homeland to the northeast.
	www.friesian.com /armenia.htm (4265 words)

	According To Britannica... - Day.Az Forum
		Armenia continued to be governed by Persian or native satraps until its absorption into the Macedonian empire of Alexander the Great (331) and its successor, the Seleucid empire (301).
		Persarmenia continued to be ruled by an Arsacid in Dvin, the capital after the reign of Khosrow II (330–339), until the deposition of Artashes IV and his replacement by a Persian marzpan (governor) at the request of the nakharars (428).
		The title “King of Armenia” passed to the kings of Cyprus, thence to the Venetians, and was later claimed by the house of Savoy, but from the end of the 14th century the history of Armenia as separate states is replaced by the history of Armenians under foreign domination.
	www.day.az /forum/index.php?showtopic=530 (6643 words)

	The Rupenids (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Thoros I (Taphnuz), Prince of Armenia (1100-29), +1129
		Leo I, Prince of Armenia (1129-38), +1138, captured by Joannes II of Byzantium; m.Beatrice de Rethel
		Ruben III, Prince of Armenia (1174-86), +1185/86; m.Isabella of Toron
	genealogy.euweb.cz /crus/armenia1.html (259 words)

	"Lampron, the bloodline
		Hugh IV de Lusignan, King of Cyprus (Peter I's father) and Constantine II were grandsons of Hugh III de Lusignan, King of Cyprus and Jerusalem.
		He was a brother of Peter I. In 1393 Leo VI died living no heir and the title revolved on James I. James I was proclaimed King of Armenia in 1396 in the Cathedral of Holy Wisdom in Nicosia and passed on the title to his successors.
		This was captured by the Moslems in 1458 and the crown of Armenia became only a nominal title and ended with the fall of the Lusignan Kingdom of Cyprus in 1489.
	www.lampron.info /kings.htm (762 words)

	Armenian History, chapter 6: Armenian Kingdom in Cilicia
		The next ruler, the bellicose Leon I was less fortunate, as the Emperor John II Comnenus arrested him and seized all of his domains.
		Unable to subject Thoros, the Greeks even concluded a military alliance with Sultan of Konya, but the troops of the latter were also routed by Thoros.
		While the inhabitants of the Greater Armenia eye-witnessed the loss of their national statehood and numerous foreign invasions, the Cilician Armenians lived in wealth and prosperity.
	www.armenianhistory.info /cilician.htm (1024 words)

	Impearls
		From 387 to 428 the Arsacid kings of Armenia were vassals of Persia, while the westernmost part of their kingdom was incorporated in the Roman Empire and ruled by a count.
		But a change of religious policy under Yezdegerd II and Piroz roused the Armenians to defend their faith in a serious of religious wars lasting until the end of the sixth century, during which Vardan with his 1036 companions perished for the Christian faith in the terrible battle of Avaraïr (454).
		Ashot II was succeeded by his brother Abas (928-951), who concluded a treaty with the Arabs of Dwin and exchanged Arab for Armenian prisoners.
	impearls.blogspot.com /2004_06_20_impearls_archive.html (4998 words)

	Articles - Monarchs of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		This is a list of the Lords, Kings and Queens of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, an Armenian state in the region of Cilicia in what is today southeast Turkey.
		Leo (or Leon) II (1187 - 1198) and King of Armenia (1198 - 1219)
		In 1198 Leo II was elevated to the dignity of King of Armenia by Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor.
	www.motionize.com /articles/Monarchs_of_the_Armenian_Kingdom_of_Cilicia (207 words)

	Kingdoms of Anatolia - Lesser Armenia
		As a result, Armenia was divided into Armenia, Armenia Sophene and Lesser Armenia.
		Persia retained Greater Armenia to the east of the Euphrates while Rome gained the western section.
		Lesser Armenia is declared a kingdom as the Crusader states are established along its eastern and southern borders.
	www.kessler-web.co.uk /History/KingListsMiddEast/AnatoliaArmeniaLesser.htm (284 words)

	LEO IV OF ARMENIA FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Leo (or Leon) IV of Armenia (1289-1307) was king of the Armenian_Kingdom_of_Cilicia, ruling from 1303 to 1307, along with his uncle Hethum II.
		In 1303, he was crowned King of Armenia after the retirement of his uncle and Regent Hethum II.
		The king and his uncle led the Armenian army in 1305 to smash a Mameluke raiding force at Bagras.
	www.19gmarketinggroup.com /Leo_IV_of_Armenia (131 words)

	Lesser Armenia (from Armenia) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		More results on "Lesser Armenia (from Armenia)" when you join.
		To the north and east Armenia is bounded by Georgia and Azerbaijan, while its neighbours to the southeast and west are, respectively, Iran and Turkey.
		One of the world's oldest centers of civilization and once the smallest republic of the Soviet Union, Armenia is an independent republic in the Caucasus Mountains.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-44271 (713 words)

	Sempad of Armenia - Biocrawler definition:Sempad of Armenia - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Sempad seized the throne with the aid of his brother Constantine while his brothers Hethum II and Thoros were in Constantinople, and on Hethum's return, Sempad had Hethum blinded and both brothers imprisoned at Partzerpert.
		Thoros was murdered their on Sempad's orders in 1298, but Constantine turned traitor again and helped Hethum overthrow Sempad, assuming the throne while Hethum's blindness healed.
		Sempad again plotted with Constantine to resume the throne soon after Hethum's restoration, and both were imprisoned for the rest of their lives.
	www.biocrawler.com /biowiki/Sempad_of_Armenia (217 words)

	Day.Az Forum > According To Britannica... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		This offensive was catastrophically defeated in battles at Sarikamis and at Ardahan in January 1915; but the Turks, ill-clad and ill-supplied in the Caucasian winter, lost many more men through exposure and exhaustion than in fighting (their 3rd Army was reduced in one month from 190,000 to 12,400 men, the battle casualties being 30,000).
		He and General N.N. Yudenich, the victor of Sarikamis, started a major assault on Turkish Armenia in January 1916; Erzurum was taken on February 16, Trabzon on April 18, Erzincan on August 2; and a long-delayed Turkish counterattack was held at Ognut.
		It remained the chief city of Armenia until Mongol raids in the 13th century and a devastating earthquake in 1319 sent it into an irreparable decline.
	www.day.az /forum/lofiversion/index.php/t530.html (9029 words)

	Total War Center Forums - PREVIEW: the Kingdom of Cilician Armenia
		The Seljuk invasion of Armenia was followed by an exodus of Armenians southwards, and in 1080, Rhupen, a relative of the last king of Ani, founded in the heart of the Cilician Taurus a small principality, which gradually expanded into the kingdom of Lesser Armenia or Armenia Minor.
		Thoros I (1100-1123), in alliance with the Christian princes of Syria, waged successful war against the Byzantines and Seljuk Turks.
		Levond II (1187-1219), extended the kingdom beyond Mount Taurus and established the capital at Sis.
	www.twcenter.net /forums/showthread.php?t=35657 (1372 words)

	CILICIA [II:34b] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		from the Greeks (Chalandon, i, 235, ii, 108-109) (or from the Franks, according to Cahen, 354).
		Once more Cilicia was Byzantina, and remained so until Leo's son, Thoros, who had escaped from Constantinople after accession of Manuel Comnenus in 1143, regained a foothold in upper Cilicia; Thoros II (1145-1169) retook
		Thoros also aided Reynald of Châtillon, count of Antioch, in his attack on Byzantine Cyprus.
	www1.encislam.brill.nl /data/EncIslam/C9/COM-0139.html (3757 words)

	Meetup . 2004 . 2003 . New York City . March 2004 . 2000 . July 2002 . February 2004 . March 5 . John Edwards (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Died on February 1, 2003 over the southern United States when Space Shuttle Columbia Space Shuttle Columbia broke up and her crew perished during entry, 16 minutes prior to scheduled landing.
		Thoros III of Armenia c.1271-1298 was king of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, ruling from 1293 to 1298.
		In 1292 his brother Hethum II of Armenia Hethum II abdicated in his favour; however, Thoros ruled for only five years, dying on July 23, 1298 at the hands of his brother Sempad of...
	www.uk.fraquisanto.net /Meetup (508 words)

	The Genealogy of the Kings and Queens of Armenia
		Constantine I, Prince of Armenia (1095 - 1100)
		Oshin II de Lamrpon (1125 - 1170), Lord of Lampron,
		The descendants of Isabelle (Zabel), Princess of Armenia
	freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com /~heicke/MEDIEVAL/armenia.htm (992 words)

	Worldroots.com
		HUGH II of Jm and IV of Cyp m1 Maria of Ibelin and left GUY Pr of Galilee who m Maria of Bourbon and left: HUGH Pr of Galilee.
		HUGH II (1252-1267) of Cyprus m Isabella of Ibelin d of JOHN II of Beirut by Alice de la Roche of Athens.
		Sir David: second son of Sir Stephen, was companion-in-arms of Rickard de Burgo, the Red Earl of Ulster, with whom he was connected by marriage, and obtained extensive possessions near Athenry, the capital of the Anglo-Norman settlers in Connaught.
	worldroots.com /brigitte/royal/lusignan.htm (2689 words)

	Leo III of Armenia - Wikpedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Hethum II (ruled 1289 to 1293, 1294 to 1297, 1299 to 1307)
		Retha of Armenia, who married Michael IX Palaeologus, Emperor of Byzantium
		He was succeeded by his son Hethum II.
	www.bostoncoop.net /~tpryor/wiki/index.php?title=Leo_III_of_Armenia (126 words)

	ARMENIAN STUDENT ASSOCIATION - CAL POLY SAN LUIS OBISPO
		Ottomans succeeded in annexing the eastern part of Armenia as far as the Caucasus.
		The treaty of Turkmencay - Eastern Armenia annexed by Russia under the rule of Czar Paul I. Tanzimat movement, promoted by Sultan Mahmud II as a stimulus and program for an approach by the Ottoman Empire to the Western culture.
		Robert Kocharyan was elected the second President of the Republic of Armenia
	www.calpoly.edu /~asaclub/history2.htm (540 words)

	Chronology
		Division of Armenia, Between the Romans and the Persians, 387 A.D. Khosrov IV Vramshapuh
		Ashot IV Gagik II (died 1079 at Cyzistra).
		DYNASTY OF THE ROUPENIANS IN NEW ARMENIA (CILICIA)
	www.saintsarkis.org /Chronology.htm (174 words)

	Thoros - Encyclopedia Glossary Meaning Explanation Thoros (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Here you will find more informations about Thoros.
		* Thoros was the ruler of Edessa at the time of the First crusade.
		* Thoros of Myr is a fictional character in George R. Martin's A Song of Ice and Fire.
	www.encyclopedia-glossary.com /en/Thoros.html (72 words)

	CHRONOLOGY OF ARMENIAN HISTORY - History of Armenia
		1828 - The treaty of Turkmencay - Eastern Armenia annexed by Russia under the rule of Czar Paul I. Tanzimat movement, promoted by Sultan Mahmud II as a stimulus and program for an approach by the Ottoman Empire to the Western culture.
		Heavy taxes were imposed, hundreds of Armenian civilians were cast into Turkish prisons, stripped of their clothes and tortured in the most diabolical manner.
		April 1998 - Robert Kocharyan was elected the second President of the Republic of Armenia
	www.hayastan.com /armenia/history/chronology/index02.php (525 words)

	Ruben II of Armenia - Ruben_ii_of_armenka - Dangeruss-Industries.com
		Ruben II of Armenia - Ruben_ii_of_armenka - Dangeruss-Industries.com
		Upon Ruben's death, Mleh became Lord of the Mountains.
		Alternative searches for term "Ruben II of Armenia - Ruben_ii_of_armenka":
	www.dangeruss-industries.com /Ruben_II_of_Armenia_x_Ruben_ii_of_armenka_x.html (112 words)

	Lesser Armenia (from Armenia) -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!
		Levon I (the Great; 1199–1219), an ally of the German emperor Frederick I (Frederick Barbarossa), received the royal crown from Frederick's son Henry VI and Pope Celestine III and was crowned king of Armenia in Tarsus in 1199 by the cardinal Conrad von Wittelsbach.
		Levon left no son, and the throne passed to his daughter Zabel (Isabelle).
		On the death, without heir, of Levon V (or IV), the crown passed to Guy de Lusignan, the eldest son of Hayton II's sister Zabel and her husband Amaury (Almaric) de Lusignan.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-44271 (1149 words)

	D$NI÷ôMENDIDS [II:110a] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Later he was to make a further conquest, Melitene, and it is in connexion with
		In 523/1129, on the death of the Armenian prince Thoros,
		intervened in Cilicia, in the following year defeated Bohemund II of Antioch, brought the Armenian prince Leon into subjection and ravaged the Count of Edessa's lands.
	www1.encislam.brill.nl /data/EncIslam/S0/SIM-1690.html (1147 words)

	cyprus_txt_1c
		Isaac, who meanwhile had retreated in the direction of Nicosia, sent his wife, who was a daughter of King Thoros II of Armenia, and their daughter to the Castle of Kyrenia for reasons of safety.
		Richard, on the contrary, did not pursue him but marched via Kition to Famagusta.
		For the whole following century Cyprus was the provision place and starting point for further activities of the Crusaders...
	www.allcrusades.com /CASTLES/CYPRUS/CYPRUS_RICHARD_LIONHEART/cyprus_txt_1c.html (719 words)

	[No title]
		3.3.1.4.1.[by 1st m.]Maria Komnene, b.1152, d.of poisoning 1182; she had been engaged to King Bela III of Hungary and to King William II of Sicily, but Byzantine politics kept those matches from being consummated; she m.1180 Rainer de Montferrat, who d.of poisoning 1182.
		3.3.1.4.2.[by 1st m.]Anna Komnene (1154-1158) 3.3.1.4.3.[by 2d m.]Alexios II Komnenos, Emperor of Byzantium 1180-1183; b.1169, d.of strangulation 1183; m.1180 Agnes, dau.of King Louis VII of France 3.3.1.4.4.[illegitimate]Alexios Komnenos, d.after 1188, blinded by Andronikos I 1184; m.1183 Andronikos I's illegitimate dau., Eirene.
		NN 2.2.1.Ioannes Dukas; m.Anna Komnene 2.2.1.1.Zoe Dukaina; m.Georgios Botaneiates END OF SECTION II.
	worldroots.com /brigitte/theroff/byzantm.txt (445 words)

	SUNFLOWERS Community Boards - No Famous Persons in KoH? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The rule passes from House of Trpimirovic to House of Arpday.
		*note that the numbers and names are Croatian Version, so for example Bela I is actually Bela II and names like Ladislav is Ladislaus, Andrija is Andrew and Stjepan is Stephen.
		After Sigismund start the fight between few families including the Habsbugrs, Anjou(Angevin) and Jagiello which of course ends with the victory of Habsburg family.
	forum.sunflowers.de /printthread.php?t=697&pp=50 (2518 words)

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