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Topic: Thracian language

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Dacian language

European languages

List of Baltic languages

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Origin of Albanians

Ancient Macedonian language

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Romanian substratum words

Balkan language union

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Thracian

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Tonal language

Armenian language

Slavic languages

	Bulgaria - a brief history outline - The Thracians
		The biggest state alliance of the Thracians, the state of Odrys, existed from the beginning of the fifth century B.C. until the beginning of the third century B.C. Its first capital was situated somewhere along the lower reaches of the Maritsa River.
		A courageous and daring people, the Thracians were employed as mercenaries in the armies of various rulers as early as the Hellenic epoch, later in the Roman auxiliary troops, and from the second century onwards in the legions.
		Thracian culture, which preserved what was traditional and at the same time assimilated ideas from other nations, was a link between Europe and the East.
	www.eunet.bg /books/history/thracians.html (1492 words)

	Thracian language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Thracian language was the Indo-European language spoken in ancient times by the Thracians in South-Eastern Europe.
		Albanian is sometimes regarded as a descendant of Dacian or Thracian, or as a descendant of Illyrian with a Daco-Thracic admixture; thus the Albanian lexis is another source.
		Most of the Thracians were eventually Hellenized (in the province of Thrace) or Romanized (in Moesia, Dacia, etc.), with the last remnants surviving in remote areas until the 5th century.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Thracian_language (979 words)

	Thracians - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Thracians figure in the Iliad as allies of the Trojans, hailing from Thrace.
		A Thracian dagger made of an alloy of gold and platinum, sharp, and in perfect condition, was found in a tomb near the village of Dubovo.
		Alexander Fol – Thracians and Mycenaeans: Methodology of the Parallelism
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Thracians (1706 words)

	Thracian language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Thracians used to live in the Lower Danube region, on territories of modern Rumania, Bulgaria, partly Greece, Turkey and Yugoslavia.
		Thracians are believed to have come from Asia together with Greeks, and while Hellenes went further to Southern Balkans, Thracians together with Illyrians and Macedonians settled in plains and mountains of North Balkan regions.
		The language is known from a few inscriptions written in Greek alphabet both in Thrace and in Asia Minor (the so-called Mysian inscriptions), and mostly by words given in Greek manuals.
	indoeuro.bizland.com /tree/balk/thracian.html (314 words)

	Thracian language - 1
		The Thracian language was the language of the ancient population of the modern Thracia and several adjacent regions.
		The newest studies point out that, besides Thracia, Thracian was also spoken to the west of the Ossogovo mountain, along the upper course of the Bregalnica river and further to the west of the lower course of the river Vardar (Axios) including the modern city of Thessalonica and its environs.
		It is accepted that lingua Bessorum for him and his contemporaries meant “the language of the Thracians”.
	members.tripod.com /~Groznijat/thrac/thrac_1.html (583 words)

	Indo-European languages Summary
		Genetically related languages are demonstrably derived from a common ancestor, a "Proto-Language," which, in the case of Indo-European, is thought to have flourished during the fourth–third millennia BCE, before it split up into the daughter languages from which scholars are able to infer its existence.
		Old Indian is represented by Vedic, the language of the sacred literature of Brahmanic religion, and Sanskrit, the highly normed and thus to a degree artificial language of classical Indian literature.
		Not unlike the Romance languages, which are derived from what is commonly called Vulgar Latin, New Indian languages can be seen as continuations of a protolanguage that was close to, without being identical with, an attested language, Sanskrit, which continues to be used as a language of religion and learning.
	www.bookrags.com /Indo-European_languages (3141 words)

	The Thracians
		As they never developed a written form of their language, most of what is known about them today comes from direct archaeological evidence and from sources written by outsiders.
		A relatively advanced culture for their time, the Thracians were farmers and cattle-herders who were also superbly talented in the arts of war, horsemanship and craft working.
		Conflict between Thracian tribes was very common, and quite possibly was the only reason the group as a whole did not become the most powerful force in south-eastern Europe at the time.
	www.sofiaecho.com /the-thracians/p_40 (953 words)

	Ancient Macedonian Language - a distinct Indo-European language
		If the Macedonian language was recognized as Greek, and understood by Greeks, you would expect that this was the language used by the great Macedonian kings in a formal or legal context.
		Many scholars have concluded that the ancient Macedonian language was not a Greek dialect and that it was more or less related to the languages of Macedonia's northern neighbors, the Illyrians and the Thracians.
		Similarly, although English was used as the language of command and administration in British army regiments recruited predominantly in Wales, the Welsh language was still used privately.
	www.ancientmacedonia.com /shea2.html (4766 words)

	Was Flash Gordon a Thracian (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		"In the Thracian language the nobles were called Zibythides; among the Dacians, Tarabotesei (capwearers), because they alone had the right to wear the felt cap (pileus); the common people, generally, went bareheaded." (3) The Dacians were Thracians, descendants of the Getae.
		The Thracians were also renowned for giving themselves up to the furious pleasures of wild orgies: "the women of this country [Macedonia] having always been extremely addicted to the enthusiastic Orphic rites, and the wild worship of Baccus...
		Thracian peltasts with LTS must be in separate units or detachments from those with JLS or 2HCW.
	www.thrace.0catch.com /thracian_main.htm (7999 words)

	[ BULGARIAN LANGUAGE WEB ] : Bulgarian Language, Key Facts & Info : Learn Bulgarian : Bulgarian Culture, Alphabet, ...
		The branch of linguistics, responsible for the classification of the world’s languages into families, is called comparative philology.
		Language facts (1986): 7,986,000 in Bulgaria, 85% of the population (1986); 234,000 in Ukraine; 30,000 in Greece; 10,439 in Romania; 270,000 in Turkey; 361,000 in Moldova (1979 census).
		Bulgarians regard Macedonian as a strain of their own language, while Macedonians insist it is a separate language.
	www.spraakservice.net /bulgarian (789 words)

	Thracian language - Index (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Thracian treasures from Plovdiv at the National museum in Sofia (March 2005)
		The Thracian tomb at Alexandrovo near Haskovo (December 2000)
		Thracian tumulus from the Roman period near Sofia by Daniela Agre, prepared by Hristo Tsenov (in Bulgarian)
	www.kroraina.com /thracia/culture.html (89 words)

	Dacian and Thracian as Southern Baltoidic - Harvey E. Mayer
		Normally, related languages and Indo-European dialects of long separation by large stretches of territory do not allow us to show nearly as many strikingly clear parallels in derivatives and compounds, and some of these so ancient that their meanings are somewhat uncertain.
		I believe this difference seen in the context of the Thracian, Dacian, and Baltic lexical parallels indicates that Thracian and Dacian are intrusive Baltoidic elements in the Eastern Balkans which, incidentally, lie due south of Prussia, Lithuania, and Latvia, a fact indicating the direct southerly route taken, I believe, by the Baltoidic Pre-Thracians and Pre-Dacians.
		It is ironic that now the dominant languages in both the Balkans and the Baltic has for the last 300 years tended to be Slavic, that is, Albanoidic rather than Baltoidic.
	www.lituanus.org /1992_2/92_2_02.htm (1925 words)

	best race - Aryan Languages
		The first proposal of the possibility of common origin for some of these languages came from Marcus Zuerius van Boxhorn in 1647.
		They suggested that Armenian stayed in the Indo-European cradle while other Indo-European languages left the homeland and migrated on a route that led them along the eastern coast of the Caspian Sea to the steppe north of the Black Sea.
		This migration route allegedly explains the existence of Tocharic, and the assumed early contacts between Indo-European and Uralic languages.
	aryanist.blogfa.com /post-8.aspx (2229 words)

	Ancient Macedonian Language, why is Greek » Macedonia on the Web Articles
		What we have concluded is, that the ancient Macedonians were Hellenophon and the original dialect of the Hellenic language they used (Macedonian dialect) was very much similar to the Doric dialect (that is in accordance to Herodotus’ references on the common origin of the Dorians and the Macedonians).
		To begin with,all those people were believing that the Makedonian language was an Hellenic dialect, and exactly this is the reason mentioning certain of its peculiarities, had they believe that the Makedonian language was alien to that Hellenic one, there was not a reason mentioning those Makedonian paradoxical and/or idiomatic “languages”.
		One from the strong arcaelogical evidence that show what language spoken from the ancient Macedonians is the Pella katadesmos.Is a katadesmos (a curse, or magic spell) inscribed on a lead scroll, probably dating to between 380 and 350 BC.
	www.macedoniaontheweb.com /articles/?p=46 (1863 words)

	[No title]
		The Albanian language is the only surviving representation of the Thraco-Illyrian group of languages and analysis of Albanian is difficult due to the absence of literary monuments.
		Ethnic Interpretations: Extinct Languages - Linear A and B The southern Balkan Peninsula is occupied by Greeks.
		The German language was concentrated in western Europe and the Balto-Slavic language was concentrated in eastern Europe.
	www.drummingnet.com /alekseev/Lecture11.doc (4573 words)

	The U of MT -- Mansfield Library LangFing Misc IE
		You have reached the page for Miscellaneous Indo-Hittite languages which is just one part of the "Language Finger" homepage, which is an index by language to the holdings of the Mansfield Library of The University of Montana.
		Along with Mycenaean Greek, the two languages were both called Cretan, and for many years were thought to comprise a separate language family.
		Thracian is thought by some linguists to be the forerunner of Albanian.
	www.lib.umt.edu /guide/lang/miscieh.htm (980 words)

	OUR ILLYRIAN TALES
		One of the latest important thorough analysis of this problem, the one of Georgiev, puts Albanian in close typological relationship to a Thracian language: the Daco-Misian (Georgiev believed that Daco-Misian was entirely different from languages of the Thracian group).
		Having had for teacher and scientific mentor the albanologist Norbert Jokl, Cabej seems to have believed that Thracian and Illyrian were quite similar in structure and even in lexicon.
		There are Illyrians who represent the main population, there are evident traces of a Thracian tribe in the area of Shkoder, and there is also good evidence even for a Celtic presence (the Skordisk tribe, if I am not mistaken).
	members.aol.com /Plaku/illyrian.htm (2770 words)

	History and Origins of the Swedes and Sweden
		Greek historian Herodotus of Halicarnassus noted about 440 BC that the Thracians were the second most numerous people in the world, outnumbered only by the (East) Indians, and that the Thracian homeland was huge.
		Known as Thracian warrior tribes, the aggressive Indo-European nomadic Aesir came north, moving across Europe, bringing all their weapons and belongings in their boats on the rivers of Europe, in successive stages.
		The ancestor of all modern Scandinavian languages, beginning with the Germanic form, was developed from the languages of the Aesir (Thracian tribes) and Goths (Germanic tribes).
	www.osterholm.info /swedes.html (5947 words)

	THE THRACIANS WERE DACIANS
		Darius was attacked both by the Thracians from the Pangaion Mountains and by the Odomanti Thracians, who had settled down northwards, preserving thus their independence.
		The same Macedonian Thracians, loaded with prisoners and cattle after defeating the Scythians, were attacked, in their turn, as they were crossing the Haemus Mountains on their way back home, by the Tribal Thracians who robbed them of their spoils of war and wounded Philip II badly in the leg.
		The Thracians who spread as far to the west as the Atlantic Ocean reached the Valley of the Vistula too, and founded fortresses like Getidava; other branches, like that of the Etruscans and the Veneti were to head for the valley of the Padus.
	www.dacia.org /history/trdac_e.html (2868 words)

	[No title]
		They go on speaking their language, thousands of years old, a language that has undergone all the inherent changes throughout the milleniums.
		Here the Thracian tribes were left alone to govern by themselves, and were allowed to preserve their laws and local customs.
		As these Thracians had their own army there were no Macedonian garrisons left to supervise them, as the case had been with the Greeks.
	www.dacia.org /history/am-mac-e.html (5790 words)

	Thracian language - Index (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		[[ Thracian language ]] [[ Thracian culture ]]
		The Thracian language and the Indo-European family of languages
		The place of the Thracian among the Indo-European languages
	www.kroraina.com /thrac_lang/index.html (83 words)

	The Problem of Ancient Minor Languages and Their Origin: Thracian, Phrygian, Illyrian and Indo-European: an article by ...
		Now we know several languages which are not joined in one group yet but are gathered together as Paleobalkan languages.
		First of all, this language was assimilated by Greek very soon after it was somehow depicted by Hesihios.
		language AD, as Thracians were assimilated by Romans, Slavs and Bulgars, and no scientist now is brave enough to write a monograph about this language (there is just one work - "The Language of the Thracians" by Bulgarian linguist Georgiev).
	indoeuro.bizland.com /archive/article3.html (958 words)

	Thrace - All About Turkey
		At the dawn of history the ancient Thracians, a group of tribes speaking an Indo-European language, extended as far west as the Adriatic Sea, but they were pushed eastward (c.1300 B.C.) by the Illyrians, and in the 5th century B.C. they lost their land west of the Struma (Strimón) River to Macedon.
		The Thracian Bronze Age was similar to that of Mycenaean Greece, and the Thracians had developed high forms of music and poetry, but their savage warfare led the Greeks to consider them barbarians.
		Many Greek colonies - e.g., Byzantium on the Hellespont and Tomi (modern Constanta) on the Black Sea - were founded in Thrace by c.600 B.C. The Greeks exploited Thracian gold and silver mines, and they recruited Thracians for their infantry.
	www.allaboutturkey.com /trakya.htm (799 words)

	Wolf Warriors: the Romans, the Dacians and the Vlachs; Dracula and Hitler
		Dausdava, or the "City of the wolves" is on the map of the Roman geographer Ptolemaios at the south of the Danube river.
		Constantine’s grandfather, Eutropius, was a Thracian from Dardania [Trebellius Pollio, Divus Claudius, XIII.
		Modern knowledge of the language is mostly derived from a single inscription from Velitrae (modern Velletri), Italy, dating from the early 3rd century BC.
	www.angelfire.com /realm/vlachs (16853 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2001.10.14 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The ambitious title promises a general investigation of the linguistic landscape in what is today Rumania and Bulgaria and raises the expectation that we may finally learn more about the number of languages spoken in this region and their interaction both among themselves and with Latin and Greek.
		Unfortunately, B. does not compare the indications of a 'décomposition de la déclinaison' in ISM 5.3 and 5.73 with the Latin of inscriptions from Gaul, Africa and Italy.
		B.'s commentary on the three inscriptions is good, and he is obviously right in seeing the inscriptions as evidence of the interaction between speakers of the three languages.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/2001/2001-10-14.html (2340 words)

	Sixty Folk-tales from Slavonic Sources: Bulgarian Stories: Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		THE Bulgarians do not derive their name from a Slavonic origin, but from a small and warlike nation of horsemen, which in A.D. 679 crossed the Danube under a chief named Isperich, conquered the disunited Slavonic tribes that had settled in Mœsia, and consolidated them into a powerful realm.
		The conquerors melted into the conquered, and lost their language, but gave their name to the state and country.
		The Slavonic language of the people does not appear to have been affected by that of their Ugrian conquerors, but rather by the old Thracian language, which, conjointly with Latin, has produced the present Roumanian.
	www.sacred-texts.com /neu/sfs/sfs47.htm (256 words)

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