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Topic: Thymidine

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	Anti-Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Activity of beta -L-5-Iododioxolane Uracil Is Dependent on EBV Thymidine Kinase -- Kira ...
		Use of antigen expressed in bacteria for detection of EBV-specific thymidine kinase antibodies in sera from the patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
		Cloning and expression of a cDNA encoding the Epstein-Barr virus thymidine kinase gene.
		Demonstration of viral thymidine kinase inhibitor and its effect on deoxynucleotide metabolism in cells infected with herpes simplex virus.
	aac.asm.org /cgi/content/full/44/12/3278 (4006 words)

	Targeted Deletion of Both Thymidine Phosphorylase and Uridine Phosphorylase and Consequent Disorders in Mice -- ...
		The rate of conversion of thymidine to thymine was measured radiometrically as described previously (6).
		Elevated concentrations of thymidine in the plasma and brains of TP mice.
		The role of thymidine phosphorylase expression in the invasiveness of gastric carcinoma.
	mcb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/22/14/5212 (5730 words)

	Characterization of Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 thymidine kinase mutants engineered for improved ganciclovir or ...
		and pyrimidine analogs (thymidine, deoxycytidine, and AZT) as
		Characterization of pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside kinase (thymidine kinase) and thymidylate kinase as a multifunctional enzyme in cells transformed by herpes simplex virus type 1 and in cells infected with mutant strains of herpes simplex virus.
		Tung, P.P., Respass, J., and Summers, W.C. 3`-Amino thymidine affinity matrix for the purification of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase.
	www.proteinscience.org /cgi/content/full/11/9/2267 (3271 words)

	Rapid Phenotypic Characterization Method for Herpes Simplex Virus and Varicella-Zoster Virus Thymidine Kinases To ...
		Analysis of mutations in the thymidine kinase genes of drug-resistant varicella-zoster virus populations using the polymerase chain reaction.
		Nucleotide sequence of thymidine kinase gene of sequential acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex virus type 1 isolates recovered from a child with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: evidence for reactivation of acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex virus.
		Analysis of the relationship between cellular thymidine kinase activity and virulence of thymidine kinase-negative herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2.
	jcm.asm.org /cgi/content/full/38/5/1839 (3277 words)

	Deoxyribonucleoside Triphosphate Pool Imbalances In Vivo Are Associated with an Increased Retroviral Mutation Rate -- ...
		D17 target cells for infection were treated with HU or thymidine for 4 h and then infected with virus for 1 h.
		The same assay was used to determine the effects of thymidine on the SNV mutant frequencies.
		Thymidine treatment had a similar effect on the MLV mutant frequency.
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/72/10/7941 (6868 words)

	Celtic Biotech Inc. - Literature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Correlations of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, thymidine phosphorylase and thymidine kinase activities in strongly and weakly malignant cultured murine neuroblastoma cells.
		Activity of thymidine kinase and of polymerase alpha as well as activity and gene expression of deoxycytidine deaminase in leukemic blasts are correlated with clinical response in the setting of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-based priming before and during TAD-9 induction therapy in acute myeloid leukemia.
		The first was shown to be thymidine kinase (thymidine-5’phosphotransferase EC 2.7.1.21), which catalyzes the conversion of thymidine to thymidine monophosphate (dTMP) in an ATP dependent reaction.
	www.celticbio.com /literature.php?show=all (6132 words)

	Determining the Optimal Thymidine Concentration for Growing Thy- Escherichia coli Strains -- Molina et al. 180 (11): ...
		Surprisingly, the C period of MG1655 was affected by the thymidine concentration and was reduced from 79 to 49 min when the
		thymidine concentration was increased to 5 µg/ml (Fig.
		thymidine response, therefore, should be taken into consideration.
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/180/11/2992 (1421 words)

	Anti-viral Chemotherapy
		Thymidine kinase is an enzyme encoded by some viruses and used in the synthesis of their DNA.
		Thus the need for activation restricts use of drug to viruses with their own thymidine kinase or that cause cell to overproduce the endogenous enzyme (which may, if we are lucky, activate the drug to a lesser degree).
		It is a poor substrate for the cell thymidine kinase.
	pathmicro.med.sc.edu /lecture/chemo.htm (4574 words)

	Thymidine Reversal of Ribothymidine Inhibition of Lymphocyte Mitosis.
		Thymidine Reversal of Ribothymidine Inhibition of Lymphocyte Mitosis.
		Although thymidine has a similar effect on proliferating cells (2, 3), ribothymidine differs from thymidine in that it cannot substitute for thymidine in thymidine-requiring bacterial mutants (4), nor can it substitute for thymidine in reversing the inhibitory effects of amethopterin (5).
		Thymidine reversal of inhibition of mitosis after 24 hours of inhibition by ribothymidine.
	www.euchromatin.net /RiboT01.htm (1602 words)

	Cancer Spectrum: Wells et al., pp. 675-682.
		The increase in the retention of the thymidine tracer in tumors
		Thymidine phosphorylase moderates thymidine-dependent rescue after exposure to the thymidylate synthase inhibitor ZD1694 (Tomudex) in vitro.
		Effects of thymidine on the efficacy of the quinazoline-based thymidylate synthetase inhibitor, CB3717.
	jncicancerspectrum.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/jnci;95/9/675 (4080 words)

	Defects in homologous recombination repair in mismatch-repair-deficient tumour cell lines -- Mohindra et al. 11 (18): ...
		Thymidine sensitivity is not a direct consequence of MMR deficiency
		Compiled data from different thymidine treatments at 24 hours are shown in (C) and (D).
		Cytotoxic response to thymidine and mitomycin C was measured
	hmg.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/11/18/2189 (5875 words)

	Learn more about Ultraviolet in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The radiation ionizes DNA molecules in skin cells, causing covalent bonds to form between adjacent thymine bases, producing thymidine dimers.
		Thymidine dimers do not base pair normally, which can cause distortion of the DNA helix, stalled replication, gaps, and misincorporation.
		These can lead to mutations, which can result in cancerous growths.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /u/ul/ultraviolet.html (792 words)

	Inability of Pneumocystis organisms to incorporate bromodeoxyuridine suggests the absence of a salvage pathway for ...
		organisms have a salvage pathway for thymidine by administering
		Vasconcelles, M. J., Bernardo, M. V., King, C., Weller, E. and Antin, J. Aerosolized pentamidine as pneumocystis prophylaxis after bone marrow transplantation is inferior to other regimens and is associated with decreased survival and an increased risk of other infections.
		Vernis, L., Piskur, J. and Diffley, J. Reconstitution of an efficient thymidine salvage pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
	mic.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/150/5/1179 (2209 words)

	Thymidine Phosphorylase Activity and Prodrug Effects in a Three-Dimensional Model of Angiogenesis : Implications for ...
		Thymidine Phosphorylase Activity and Prodrug Effects in a Three-Dimensional Model of Angiogenesis : Implications for the Treatment of Ovarian Cancer -- Stevenson et al.
		Hata K, Hata T, Collins WP: Association between the concentration of thymidine phosphorylase and ultrasound derived indices of blood flow in ovarian masses.
		Finnis C, Dodsworth N, Pollitt CE, Carr G, Sleep D: Thymidine phosphorylase activity of platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor is responsible for endothelial cell mitogenicity.
	ajp.amjpathol.org /cgi/content/full/153/5/1573 (3614 words)

	Different Roles for Nonhomologous End Joining and Homologous Recombination following Replication Arrest in Mammalian ...
		Involvement of HR in the Sp5 cell line can be excluded because the region between the two repeats (bar) is retained in the revertants (see reference 2 for details).
		Inhibition of the progression of a replication fork may allow annealing of the nascent leading to the lagging strand, resulting in formation of a four-way DNA junction, also called a chicken foot.
		Effects of thymidine on deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate pools and deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in Chinese hamster ovary cells.
	mcb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/22/16/5869 (6635 words)

	Sensitive Nonradiometric Method for Determining Thymidine Kinase 1 Activity -- Öhrvik et al. 50 (9): 1597 -- ...
		Nonstandard abbreviations: TK1 and TK2, thymidine kinase 1 and
		Cell cycle regulation of thymidine kinase: residues near the carboxyl terminus are essential for the specific degradation of the enzyme at mitosis.
		Human thymidine kinase 2: molecular cloning and characterisation of the enzyme activity with antiviral and cytostatic nucleoside substrates.
	www.clinchem.org /cgi/content/full/50/9/1597 (5625 words)

	Thymidine Phosphorylase Induces Carcinoma Cell Oxidative Stress and Promotes Secretion of Angiogenic Factors -- Brown ...
		for 16 h in the absence of thymidine or with 200 µ
		Thymidine concentrations in the tumor microenvironment are raised
		Thymidine concentrations within the tumor microenvironment are raised due to the hydrolysis of DNA from necrotic cells.
	cancerres.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/60/22/6298 (3001 words)

	Interferon {{gamma}}-dependent Induction of Thymidine Phosphorylase/Platelet-derived Endothelial Growth Factor through ...
		Thymidine phosphorylase (TP), an enzyme involved in the reversible conversion
		and its receptors with thymidine phosphorylase expression in invasive breast carcinoma.
		Torisu H-I., Furue M., Kuwano M., Ono M. Co-expression of thymidine phospholylase and hem oxigenase-1 in macrophages in human malignant vertical growth melanomas.
	cancerres.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/61/2/469 (3249 words)

	Effect of valine 106 on structure-function relation of cytosolic human thymidine kinase: Kinetic properties and ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The thymidine kinase-deficient strain of Escherichia coli, KY895
		Berk, A.J. and Clayton, D.A. (1973) A genetically distinct thymidine kinase in mammalian mitochondria.
		Bradshaw, H.D. Jr and Deininger, P.L. (1984) Human thymidine kinase gene: molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of a cDNA expressible in mammalian cells.
	content.febsjournal.org /cgi/content/full/271/11/2248 (4505 words)

	Thymidine Phosphorylase and 2-Deoxyribose Stimulate Human Endothelial Cell Migration by Specific Activation of the ...
		Thymidine Phosphorylase and 2-Deoxyribose Stimulate Human Endothelial Cell Migration by Specific Activation of the Integrins {alpha}5{beta}1 and {alpha}V{beta}3 -- Hotchkiss et al.
		Thymidine phosphorylase is an angiogenic factor that is frequently
		of the intracellular metabolism of thymidine by thymidine phosphorylase
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/278/21/19272 (5940 words)

	Oleic Acid and Angiotensin II Induce a Synergistic Mitogenic Response in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells -- Lu et al. 31 ...
		Bottom, Either oleic acid or Ang II was added to the media 5 minutes before the other and the incubation was continued for 24 hours.
		Effects of losartan and PD 123319 on thymidine uptake in response to oleic acid (OA) and Ang II (AII) in rat aortic VSMCs.
		Effects of MEK inhibition on ERK activation and thymidine incorporation in response to oleic acid (OA) and Ang II (AII) alone and together.
	hyper.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/31/4/978 (4397 words)

	Mutation of herpesvirus thymidine kinase to generate ganciclovir-specific kinases for use in cancer gene therapies -- ...
		Mutation of herpesvirus thymidine kinase to generate ganciclovir-specific kinases for use in cancer gene therapies -- Mercer et al.
		Mutation of herpesvirus thymidine kinase to generate ganciclovir-specific kinases for use in cancer gene therapies
		N30-3 TK were determined using thymidine and GCV as substrates.
	peds.oupjournals.org /cgi/content/full/15/11/903 (5229 words)

	The Passage of Azidodeoxythymidine into and within the Central Nervous System: Does It Follow the Parent Compound, ...
		Cass, C. and Paterson, A. Mediated transport of nucleosides in human erythrocytes: Accelerative exchange diffusion of uridine and thymidine and specificity toward pyrimidine nucleosides as permeants.
		Cass, C. and Paterson, A. Mediated transport of nucleosides by human erythrocytes: Specificity toward purine nucleosides as permeants.
		Hu, M.: Comparison of uptake characteristics of thymidine and zidovudine in a human intestinal epithelial model system.
	www.jpet.org /cgi/content/full/281/3/1211 (5086 words)

	Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase 3B Is a Downstream Target of Protein Kinase B and May Be Involved in Regulation of ...
		Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase 3B Is a Downstream Target of Protein Kinase B and May Be Involved in Regulation of Effects of Protein Kinase B on Thymidine Incorporation in FDCP2 Cells -- Ahmad et al.
		Thymidine incorporation was assayed as previously described (22).
		Thymidine incorporation into DNA in F/V and F/B* cells.
	www.jimmunol.org /cgi/content/full/164/9/4678 (7616 words)

	Functions of Fission Yeast Orp2 in DNA Replication and Checkpoint Control -- Kiely et al. 154 (2): 599 -- Genetics
		Expression of thymidine kinase causes sensitivity to FUdR.
		thymidine kinase and thus cannot use thymidine as a precursor
		Wild-type fission yeast and the thymidine kinase expression
	www.genetics.org /cgi/content/full/154/2/599 (4670 words)

	A tumour-derived mutant allele of XRCC2 preferentially suppresses homologous recombination at DNA replication forks -- ...
		SW480/SN.3 transfectants SXIR.3 and SXIR.4 expressing 342delT are sensitive to thymidine (A) and MMC (B) in a colony forming assay.
		Cells expressing 342delT are defective in homologous recombination repair induced by thymidine.
		DSBs are readily detectable in cells treated by CPT or IR but not thymidine.
	hmg.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/13/2/203 (5243 words)

	Efficient labeling of fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe with thymidine and BUdR -- Hodson et al. 31 (21): 134 -- ...
		Maiorano,D., Blom van Assendelft,G. and Kearsey,S.E. (1996) Fission yeast cdc21, a member of the MCM protein family, is required for onset of S phase and located in the nucleus throughout the cell cycle.
		McNeil,J.B. and Friesen,J.D. (1981) Expression of the Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
		Bisson,L. and Thorner,J. (1977) Thymidine 5'-monophosphate-requiring mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are deficient in thymidylate synthetase.
	nar.oupjournals.org /cgi/content/full/31/21/e134 (4057 words)

	Pfam 18.0 : Glycos_trans_3N (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Thymidine phosphorylase (EC:2.4.2.2) catalyses the reversible phosphorolysis of thymidine, deoxyuridine and their analogues to their respective bases and 2-deoxyribose 1-phosphate.
		This enzyme regulates the availability of thymidine and is therefore essential to nucleic acid metabolism.
		Three-dimensional structure of thymidine phosphorylase from Escherichia coli at 2.8 A resolution.
	pfam.wustl.edu /cgi-bin/getdesc?name=Glycos_trans_3N (157 words)

	Human Thymidine Kinase Can Functionally Replace Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Thymidine Kinase for Viral Replication in ...
		Herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase exhibits a strikingly broad substrate specificity.
		Griffiths, A., Chen, S.-H., Horsburgh, B. C., Coen, D. Translational Compensation of a Frameshift Mutation Affecting Herpes Simplex Virus Thymidine Kinase Is Sufficient To Permit Reactivation from Latency.
		Degreve, B., Johansson, M., De Clercq, E., Karlsson, A., Balzarini, J. Differential Intracellular Compartmentalization of Herpetic Thymidine Kinases (TKs) in TK Gene-Transfected Tumor Cells: Molecular Characterization of the Nuclear Localization Signal of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 TK.
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/72/8/6710 (484 words)

	Antitumor Activity and Metabolic Activation of N-Methanocarbathymidine, a Novel Thymidine Analogue with a Pseudosugar ...
		Antitumor Activity and Metabolic Activation of N-Methanocarbathymidine, a Novel Thymidine Analogue with a Pseudosugar Rigidly Fixed in the Northern Conformation, in Murine Colon Cancer Cells Expressing Herpes Simplex Thymidine Kinase -- Noy et al.
		Antitumor Activity and Metabolic Activation of N-Methanocarbathymidine, a Novel Thymidine Analogue with a Pseudosugar Rigidly Fixed in the Northern Conformation, in Murine Colon Cancer Cells Expressing Herpes Simplex Thymidine Kinase
		Bradshaw, H. D., Jr., and Deininger, P. Human thymidine kinase gene: molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of a cDNA expressible in mammalian cells.
	mct.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/1/8/585 (4942 words)

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