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NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Thyrotrope   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14) Thyrotropes are cells in the anterior pituitary which produce thyroid stimulating hormone. The neonatal development of the rat thyrotrope was studied in sections of male rat pituitaries with stereometric techniques on cells that had been identified cytochemically with antirat TSH beta and either the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique or the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex technique. Influence of photoinhibition on the thyrotrope population in the male golden hamster. www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Thyrotrope   (276 words)

Neonatal development of the thyrotrope in the male rat pituitary.   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14) In adult rats, thyrotropes were 4-6% of the pituitary cell population. In the neonatal rat pituitary, the thyrotropes proliferated in clusters, and the percentage of stained cells increased to 18.8% by 9 days of age. We suggest that the 9- to 10-day-old male rat pituitary might be useful for a study of separated purified thyrotropes because of its relatively high content of TSH cells. www.arclab.org /medlineupdates/abstract_6832064.html   (245 words)

Horst Ibelgaufts'COPE: Cytokines & Cells Online Pathfinder Encyclopaedia This cell type, also known as thyrotropic cells (thyrotrophs, thyrotrophic cells, thyrotrope cells), is found in the pituitary and is one of five hormone-producing cell types in the pituitary (the others being lactotropes, corticotropes, somatotropes, gonadotropes). Thyrotropes constitute 5-8 % of all the anterior pituitary cells and produce the hormone thyrotropin [thyroid stimulating hormone; abbr. Pope et al (2006) that human fetal thyrotropes express the alpha subunit common to the gonatotropins FSH and LH, chorionic gonadotropin, and thyrotropin (alpha-GSU) and TSH-beta. www.copewithcytokines.de /cope.cgi?key=thyrotropes   (644 words)

The Thyrotropin {beta}-Subunit Gene Is Repressed by Thyroid Hormone in a Novel Thyrotrope Cell Line, Mouse T{alpha}T1 ... The ontogeny of the thyrotrope population in the anterior pituitary the pituitary is restricted to thyrotrope cells (32). The thyrotrope population in the anterior pituitary is dynamic. endo.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/139/11/4476   (4726 words)

Growth arrest of thyrotropic tumors by thyroid hormone is correlated with novel changes in Wnt-10A. Growth arrest of thyrotropic tumors by thyroid hormone is correlated with novel changes in Wnt-10A. The molecular mechanism underlying thyroid hormone inhibition of thyrotrope cell growth is poorly understood. We conclude that treatment of thyrotropic TtT-97 tumors with T3 resulted in the decreased expression of Wnt-10A, and that thyroid hormone may inhibit growth via cyclin A regulation. braintumors.researchtoday.net /archive/2/6/390.htm   (262 words)

Endotext.com - Pediatric Endocrinology, Pituitary Tumors in Childhood Essential for the development of most cell types of the anterior pituitary, including the somatotrope, the thyrotrope, the lactotrope and the gonadotrope (but not the corticotrope). LHX3 is expressed in the developing Rathke's pouch and is required for the development of most anterior pituitary cell types, including the somatotrope, the thyrotrope, the lactotrope and the gonadotrope (but notably not the corticotrope). Lhx4 is necessary for cell survival and Lhx3 expression, with the pituitary hypoplasia seen in Lhx4 mutants actually results from increased cell death and reduced differentiation, directly attributable to loss of Lhx3; while Prop1 mutants exhibit normal cell proliferation and cell survival but show evidence of defective dorsal-ventral patterning(16). www.endotext.org /pediatrics/pediatrics1/pediatrics1a.htm   (3512 words)

MEDLINE_1966-1995 - Results of the search <page 1> Bihormonal regulation of the thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor in mouse pituitary thyrotropic tumor cells in culture. Receptors for thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) are present on mouse pituitary thyrotropic tumor cells. Incubation of thyrotropes with 100 nM TRH or 4 nM L-triiodothyronine (T3) for 48 h decreased the number of TRH receptors to approximately equal to 50 and 20% of control, respectively. www.bireme.br /cgi-bin/wxislind.exe/iah/online/?IsisScript=iah/iah.xis&nextAction=lnk&base=MEDLINE_1966-1995&exprSearch=213447&indexSearch=UI&lang=i   (264 words)

Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations The effects of the thyrotropic hormone on the elimination of radioactive iodine by the thyroid was studied in male rats subjected to paw amputation after the injection of the radioactive iodine. Under the action of the hormone, the thyroid elimination of the radioiodine between the 54th and 78th hrs is very strongly increased both in the samples and in the animals subjected to surgery. The thyroid activated by the thyrotrope hormone seems capable of producing hormones from its iodine reserves without recourse to the circulating iodides. www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=4713177   (221 words)

Literature of Treier Group   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14) The consequence of these sequential organ and cellular determination events is that each of the pituitary cell types--gonadotropes, thyrotropes, somatotropes, lactotropes, corticotropes, and melanotropes appears to be determined, in a ventral to dorsal gradient, respectively, apparently based on a combinatorial code of transcription factors induced by the gradient of specific signaling molecules. This ventralization is followed by a marked decrease in terminally differentiated dorsal somatotrope and lactotrope cell types and a marked increase in the expression of markers of the ventral thyrotrope cells and SF-1-expressing cells of gonadotrope lineage. We suggest that the transient dorsal expression of Pax6 is essential for establishing a sharp boundary between dorsal and ventral cell types, based on the inhibition of Shh ventral signals. www-db.embl-heidelberg.de /jss/emblGroups/g_lit_128.html   (1739 words)

Untitled Document   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14) Ablation of gonadotrope and thyrotrope cell lineages with specifically targeted diphtheria toxin transgenes has demonstrated the ability of other pituitary cell types to develop in their absence. A homeobox transcription factor, Ptx2, is found in both gonadotrope and thyrotrope cells, suggesting a potential role for Ptx2 in cell fate determination. Gene targeted mice with pituitary defects resulting in hypogonadism and hypothyroidism have revealed distinct proliferative responses of thyrotropes and gonadotropes to thyroid hormone. www.medgen.med.umich.edu /labs/scamper/research.html   (409 words)

Early Gene Expression Changes Preceding Thyroid Hormone-Induced Involution of a Thyrotrope Tumor -- Wood et al. 143 ... Expression pattern of 1,176 genes in a microarray used to detect genes in thyrotrope cells regulated in response to TH. Schematic illustrating the effects of TH on the cell cycle in thyrotropes. Shown is a pictorial representation of the cell cycle (comprising G1-, S-, G2-, and M-phases) and the various cell cycle regulators that impact it in the absence (Growth Progression) and the presence of TH (Growth Arrest). endo.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/143/2/347   (8850 words)

Determinants of Thyrotrope-specific Thyrotropin beta Promoter Activation -- Haugen et al. 271 (1): 385 -- Journal of ... -expressing mouse thyrotropic tumor, TtT-97, have identified four cis-acting elements in the -270 to -80 region: D1 (-253 to -222), D2 (-196 to -176), P1 (-133 to -100) and P2 (-86 to -64)(4, 5). Pit-1 protein expression is limited to thyrotropes, lactotropes, and somatotropes in the anterior pituitary gland(14). Recently, a study of mouse pituitary development has shown that TEF may be responsible for the initiation of the thyrotrope phenotype, but Pit-1 and perhaps other factors are necessary for the persistence of mature thyrotropes(22). www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/271/1/385   (5037 words)

Thyroid hormone-induced expression of specific somatostatin receptor subtypes correlates with involution of the TtT-97 ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14) Thyroid hormone-induced expression of specific somatostatin receptor subtypes correlates with involution of the TtT-97 murine thyrotrope tumor.Following the protracted hypothyroid state, treatment with thyroid hormone will induce a decline in TSH and reduce thyrotrope hyperplasia. Somatostatin is a hypothalamic peptide that has been implicated in the negative regulation of TSH secretion in the thyrotrope. The TtT-97 tumor is an in vivo murine thyrotropic model that has retained its physiological response to thyroid hormone. www.pdg.cnb.uam.es /UniPub/iHOP/gp/862074.html   (216 words)

The Thyrotropin {beta}-Subunit Gene Is Repressed by Thyroid Hormone in a Novel Thyrotrope Cell Line, Mouse T{alpha}T1 ... The Thyrotropin {beta}-Subunit Gene Is Repressed by Thyroid Hormone in a Novel Thyrotrope Cell Line, Mouse T{alpha}T1 Cells -- Yusta et al. TSH is expressed in two populations of thyrotropes in the pituitary: one thyrotropic tumors are difficult to grow and maintain, and the endo.endojournals.org /cgi/content/abstract/139/11/4476   (530 words)

SARAPURA To determine the mechanism of activation of the glycoprotein hormone alpha-subunit promoter in thyrotrope (TSH-producing) and gonadotrope (LH- and FSH- producing) pituitary cells, as well as the mechanism by which this promoter is repressed in somatotrope cells. 2) To define the mechanism of thyroid hormone inhibition of thyrotrope cell growth, as well as the derangement of this mechanism in a thyrotrope cell line that is not inhibited by thyroid hormone. 3) To characterize a thyrotrope tumor arising in a glycoprotein hormone alpha-subunit deficient transgenic knock-out mouse. www.uchsc.edu /sm/deptmed/ResearchSyllabus/sarapura.htm   (576 words)

ABS43 Short photoperiods cause induction of the pineal activity, with atrophy of the reproductive organs. Groups of 9 male hamsters were kept under long photoperiods since birth (LP: 14h light, 10h darkness) or exposed to short photoperiods (SP: 6h light, 18h darkness) for 8, 16, 22 and 28 weeks. The ultrastructure revealed a decreased number of secretory granules and an increased RER and Golgi complex in the SP group. proteus.dna.uba.ar /biologia/abs43.htm   (182 words)

Thyrotrope - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Posterior pituitary - Pars nervosa - Median eminence - Infundibular stalk Anterior pituitary - Pars intermedia - Pars tuberalis - Pars distalis - Somatotropes - Lactotropes - Thyrotropes - Gonadotropes - Corticotropes This page was last modified 19:56, 29 December 2004. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Thyrotrope   (70 words)

MEDLINE_1966-1995 - Resultado de la búsqueda <página 1> It is localized to thyrotropes and we have previously shown that it directly inhibits thyrotropin (TSH) release from the anterior pituitary gland of euthyroid rats. In hypothyroidism, NB synthesis and presumably release from the pituitary is decreased, such that there is no physiologic significance to the residual NB release, although the responsiveness to the inhibitory action of the peptide is increased, possibly via upregulation of its postulated receptors on the thyrotrope. In hyperthyroidism, the concentration of NB in thyrotropes and presumably its release is increased so that it has a physiologically significant TSH release-inhibiting action. www.bireme.br /cgi-bin/wxislind.exe/iah/online/?IsisScript=iah/iah.xis&nextAction=lnk&base=MEDLINE_1966-1995&exprSearch=1557409&indexSearch=UI&lang=e   (492 words)

NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Endocrine system   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH or corticotropin) is a polypeptide hormone synthesised (from POMC, pre-opiomelanocortin) and secreted from corticotropes in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland in response to the hormone corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) released by the hypothalamus. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as TSH or thyrotropin) is a hormone synthesized and secreted by thyrotrope cells in the anterior pituitary gland which regulates the endocrine function of the thyroid gland. Growth hormone (GH or somatotropin) is a 191-amino acid, single chain polypeptide hormone which is synthesised, stored and secreted by the somatotroph cells within the lateral wings of the anterior pituitary gland, which stimulates growth and cell reproduction in humans and other animals. www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/endocrine-system   (7801 words)

Tramadol, buy tramadol, antibiotics, Weight Loss drugs, weight loss herbs, weight loss herbal formula, hair loss, hair ... Deletional analysis revealed a more important contribution of the -453/-381 region in thyrotropic cells and the -341/-297 region in gonadotropic cells, while other deletions had similar effects. Mutational analysis revealed some regions that were functionally similar, while others were active only in thyrotropic cells, such as the regions - 434/ - 421, - 398/ - 385, - 376/- 364 and - 363/- 351, that decreased activity by approximately 2-fold each. Combined mutation of the regions - 434/ - 421, - 398/ - 385 and - 376/ - 364 decreased activity by 5-fold in thyrotropic cells and not at all in gonadotropic cells. www.hair-loss-stop.com /ref-hormone-2/hormone-research-abs5.1552.html   (1314 words)

IngentaConnect Pituitary tumors arising from glycoprotein hormone -subunit-defic...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14) The purpose of the current studies was to compare the gene expression profile of these αSUnull tumors with previously characterized TtT-97 thyrotropic tumors. In contrast to the signal pattern seen in TtT-97, only two bands were seen in αSUnull tumors, which were similar in size to those in αTSH cells, a thyrotropic cell line that lacks TSHβ-subunit expression and Pit1 protein. The overall similarity between the two tumor types renders the αSUnull tumor as a suitable thyrotropic tumor model. www.ingentaconnect.com /content/klu/pitu/2006/00000009/00000001/00007865   (370 words)

Determinants of thyrotrope-specific thyrotropin beta promoter activation. Cooperation of Pit-1 with another factor. Thyrotropin (TSH) beta is a subunit of TSH, the expression of which is limited to the thyrotrope cells of the anterior pituitary gland. TSH beta promoter activity in thyrotropes is conferred by sequences between -270 and -80 of the 5'-flanking region. While Pit-1 appears necessary for TSH beta promoter activity in thyrotropes, this transcription factor is not alone sufficient for promoter activity in pituitary-derived cells. www.pdg.cnb.uam.es /UniPub/iHOP/gp/463467.html   (251 words)

Thyroid hormone-induced expression of specific somatostatin receptor subtypes correlates with involution of the TtT-97 ... Thyroid hormone-induced expression of specific somatostatin receptor subtypes correlates with involution of the TtT-97 murine thyrotrope tumor. The TtT-97 tumor is an in vivo murine thyrotropic model that has retained its physiological response to thyroid hormone. Somatostatin is a hypothalamic peptide that has been implicated in the negative regulation of TSH secretion in the thyrotrope. www.ihop-net.org /UniPub/iHOP/gp/862074.html   (216 words)

Clinical and morphological features of undifferentiated monomorphous GH/TSH-secreting pituitary adenoma -- Skoric et ... Electron microscopy revealed an undifferentiated, monomorphous adenoma with morphological features of an acidophil stem cell adenoma such as the presence of misplaced exocytoses, fibrous bodies and mitochondrial gigantism. However, the tumor cells contained small secretory granules (up to 250 nm) accumulated along the cell membrane characteristic of thyrotrope cells. Furthermore, some adenoma cells were fusiform with long cytoplasmic processes resembling thyrotropes. www.eje.org /cgi/content/abstract/140/6/528/VII   (336 words)

Merck KGaA - TI 4-2001 Ensuring... - This has been considered unimportant as it was felt that the TSH-producing thyrotropes of the anterior pituitary were not only uniquely sensitive to minor changes in thyroid hormone concentration within their respective reference ranges In other words, a "hyperthyroid" thyrotrope did not reflect the metabolic activities of the rest of the body. This view was challenged, however, by a series of reports, showing that if thyroxine were given in doses sufficient to suppress serum TSH without raising serum T3 and T4 into the thyrotoxic range, there were changes in the function of other target organs, such as heart, liver, kidney www.merck.de /servlet/PB/menu/1268450/index.html   (1441 words)

Infotrieve Online GATA2 is expressed in the pituitary during development and in adult gonadotropes and thyrotropes. Mutants have fewer thyrotrope cells at birth, male Gata2-deficient mice exhibit growth delay from 3-9 wk of age, and adult mutants produce less TSH in response to severe hypothyroidism after radiothyroidectomy. Therefore, Gata2 appears to be dispensable for gonadotrope and thyrotrope cell fate and maintenance, but important for optimal gonadotrope and thyrotrope function. www4.infotrieve.com /newmedline/detail.asp?NameID=16543408&Session=&searchQuery=Erythroid%2DSpecific+DNA%2DBinding+Factors&count=1852   (220 words)

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