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Topic: Tidal force

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Tidal locking

Spaghettification

Roche limit

Centrifugal force

Synchronous orbit

Tide

Barycenter

Tidal resonance

Lagrangian point

Roche lobe

Gravity

Orbital resonance

Rotation

Mascon

Inferior conjunction

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	Tidal force Summary
		Tidal forces are responsible for the ocean tides we observe on Earth.
		The tidal force is a secondary effect of the force of gravity and is responsible for the tides.
		Tidal forces, in combination with centripetal forces, create the oceanic tide of Earth's oceans, where the attracting bodies are the Moon and the Sun.
	www.bookrags.com /Tidal_force (1058 words)

	NOAA, Our Restless Tides, Explanation of Astronomical Factors, Tides and Tidal Currents
		The tide-raising forces at the earth's surface thus result from a combination of basic forces: (1) the force of gravitation exerted by the moon (and sun) upon the earth; and (2) centrifugal forces produced by the revolutions of the earth and moon (and earth and sun) around their common center-of-gravity (mass) or barycenter.
		While the effect of this centrifugal force is constant for all positions on the earth, the effect of the external gravitational force produced by another astronomical body may be different at different positions on the earth because the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted varies with the distance of the attracting body.
		The force is zero at the points on the earth's surface directly beneath and on the opposite side of the earth from the moon (since in these positions, the lunar gravitational force is exerted in the vertical - i.e., opposed to, and in the direction of the earth-gravity, respectively).
	tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov /restles3.html (2032 words)

	tidal force
		A tidal force comes about because of the differences in gravitational pull on an object due to a large mass around which the object is moving.
		In the case of a space station in Earth orbit, parts of the station that are further away from the Earth are pulled less strongly so that the centrifugal force of the orbit is not quite balanced by gravity and there is an net upward tidal force.
		Tidal forces are one of the reasons it is impossible to have perfectly zero-gravity conditions in orbit.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/T/tidalforce.html (362 words)

	Tide Summary
		Though the gravitational force exerted by the Sun on the Earth is almost 200 times stronger than that exerted by the Moon, the tidal force produced by the Moon is about twice as strong as that produced by the Sun.
		Gravitational forces follow the inverse-square law (force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance), but tidal forces are inversely proportional to the cube of the distance.
		Tidal lag and the transfer of momentum between sea and land causes the Earth's rotation to slow down and the Moon to be moved further away in a process known as tidal acceleration.
	www.bookrags.com /Tide (6400 words)

	Misconceptions about tides.
		We shall argue that the "tidal bulges" which are the focus of attention in many textbooks, are in fact not due to rotation, but are simply due to the gravitational field of the moon, and the fact that this field has varying direction and strength over the volume of the earth.
		Failure to warn the student that the force diagrams are different depending on whether the plane of the diagram is parallel to, or perpendicular to, the plane of the moon's orbit.
		Tidal forces are vector quantities, and may be drawn as arrows in a diagram, but the interpretation of such a diagram is different from that of a diagram of the gravitational forces themselves.
	www.lhup.edu /~dsimanek/scenario/tides.htm (8741 words)

	Chandra :: Chronicles :: The Nature of Tidal Forces :: February 18, 2004
		Tidal forces are thought to be responsible for the huge X-ray flare observed in the galaxy RX J1242-11.
		The tidal forces on the comet were so strong that it broke into at least 21 pieces as it fell in towards the massive planet.
		Further away from the planet, however, the tidal forces are not strong enough to rip large objects apart and Saturn has a stable retinue of moons outside of the ring system.
	chandra.harvard.edu /chronicle/0104/tidal/index.html (819 words)

	gravitational and tidal force
		The second effect of the gravitational force is a stretching of the bodies because not all parts of the man, in this case, are equally distant from m2, and each part is attracted to m2 with a force that depends on the distance from m2 of that part.
		The ocean tides are caused by tidal forces due to the moon and sun.
		Although the total force basically determines the size of orbits, the tidal forces can also have an important effect in the long term because of the physical principle of the "conservation of angular momentum".
	www.calstatela.edu /faculty/kaniol/a360/tidal_force.htm (640 words)

	Alternate View Column AV-63
		It is called "tidal" because at the surface of the Earth this residual force moves the water in the oceans and causes the ocean tides.
		Such a huge tidal force would require that the planet would be tide-locked to its primary as Mercury is to the Sun and the Moon is to the Earth keeping the same face to its primary as it orbits it.
		A: Because the tidal force is proportional to d/R
	mist.npl.washington.edu /AV/altvw63.html (1733 words)

	Tidal Tug of War
		The major effect we see of the tidal force of the moon and sun on the earth are the ocean tides.
		Basically it is the difference of the gravitational force of one body from the near edge to the far edge of second body.
		Thus the force diminishes by the inverse square of the distance.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/bmoler/tidaltug.htm (1077 words)

	NOAA, Our Restless Tides, Explanation of Astronomical Factors, Tides and Tidal Currents
		Since the resultant or combined tidal force is also increased, the observed high tides are higher and low tides are lower than average.
		The corresponding tidal force envelope due to the moon is depicted, in profile, by the dashed ellipse.
		5) the tidal force envelope produced by the moon is canted, and difference between the heights of two daily tides of the same phase begin to occur.
	tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov /restles4.html (1171 words)

	Tides (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The vertical tidal forces are not the ones causing sea tides.
		I is the horizontal tidal forces that shift the water around.
		There is a constant force perpendicular to the axis of the Earth, due the Earth's 24 hour rotation (centrifugal force).
	www.njsas.org /projects/tidal_forces/tidalvector (290 words)

	Oceanogr. Notes Chapter 11
		Their propagation and amplitude are influenced by friction, the rotation of the earth (Coriolis force), and resonances determined by the shapes and depths of the ocean basins and marginal seas.
		This produces the largest tidal ranges in the world ocean (14 m in the Bay of Fundy on the Canadian east coast; 10 m at St. Malo in France, 8 m on the North West Shelf of Australia and at the extreme north of the Gulf of California in Mexico; all are mainly semidiurnal tides).
		Tidal range is then largest at the inner end of the bay, in accordance with the dynamics of seiches in open basins.
	www.es.flinders.edu.au /~mattom/IntroOc/notes/lecture11.html (1328 words)

	ASTR 1110 Lectures Spring 1999
		Because there is a finite amount of time for the planet to deform in response to the tidal force from the satellite, the tidal bulge on the planet will not be exactly lined up with the line connecting the centers of the objects.
		The extra mass in the tidal bulge in front of the moon results in a gravitational acceleration in the direction of motion of the moon which causes the moon to move into a slightly higher orbit.
		The Earth's tidal bulge is primarily manifested in the oceans.
	lasp.colorado.edu /~colwell/astr3750-f00/sep21notes.html (719 words)

	ASTRO 1 (f99) Lecture 16
		So the tidal force from the Moon is more than twice as large as that from the Sun.
		If the Earth is between the Moon and the Sun, then the tidal forces pull in opposite directions and they partly cancel out so the tides on the oceans are lowest ("neap tides").
		tidal force of Jupiter is largest on Io, next largest on Europa, then Ganymede, and then Callisto; the geological activity is the result of the tides from Jupiter and is most pronounced on Io and least pronounced on Callisto.
	www.astro.psu.edu /users/charlton/A1/lect16.html (554 words)

	Introduction to Physical Oceanography : Chapter 17 - Coastal Processes and Tides - Theory of Ocean Tides
		Tidal forces on other planets and stars are important for understanding many aspects of solar-system dynamics and even galactic dynamics.
		The driving force is the small change in gravity due to motion of the moon and sun relative to Earth.
		The tidal forces are calculated from the gradient of the potential, so the first term in (17.8) produces no force.
	oceanworld.tamu.edu /resources/ocng_textbook/chapter17/chapter17_04.htm (2436 words)

	Tides and Gravitational Locking
		There is a limiting radius for the orbit of one body around another, inside of which the tidal forces are so large that no large solid objects can exist that are held together only by gravitational forces.
		For example, we shall see that the tidal forces exerted by Jupiter on its moon Io are so large that the solid surface of Io is raised and lowered by hundreds of meters twice in each rotational period.
		In the simplest instance, the period of rotation for the two bodies and the orbital period eventually become exactly equal because of this tidal coupling (and as a result, the size of the orbit is changed in such a way as to conserve angular momentum for the entire system).
	csep10.phys.utk.edu /astr161/lect/moon/tidal.html (768 words)

	The May 5, 2000 Planetary Alignment And Its Destructive Potential
		Because the tidal force exerted on one body by another is the difference between the gravitational force at the close side and at the far side of the body, it is inversely proportional to the cube of the distance.
		On the average, the tidal force caused by Jupiter when it's on the other side of the Sun is equal to the increased tidal force caused by the Moon moving one quarter of a kilometer closer to us.
		The tidal force is the difference ingravitational force exerted on a 1 kilogram mass on the side of Earth closest to the planet and on the side farthest away.
	www.tkcs-collins.com /truman/conjunct/conjunct.shtml (1461 words)

	The Moon And Tides
		Because tidal forces vary as the third power of distance, this little 8 percent change translates into 25 percent increase in the tide- producing ability of the Moon upon the Earth.
		This happens because if we resolve the tidal forces at each point on the Earth into a local vertical and horizontal component, the horizontal components are not zero, and are directed towards the two points along the line connecting the Earth and the Moon's centers.
		At exactly the positions of the tidal bulges where the Moon is at the zenith and at the nadir positions, there are no horizontal tidal forces and the flow stops.
	home.hiwaay.net /~krcool/Astro/moon/moontides (2972 words)

	Tidal forces associated with the moon
		attraction on a unit mass due to the moon is partially offset by the centrifugal force on the unit mass at this point.
		The components of the attractive force of the moon in the directions parallel and normal to the line joining the centers of the earth and moon are, respectively,
		Consequently, the horizontal tide force is far from negligible compared with other horizontal forces in the sea.
	stommel.tamu.edu /~baum/reid/book1/book/node36.html (426 words)

	Black Hole Mayhem
		As it neared the enormous gravity of the fl hole, the star was stretched by tidal forces until it was torn apart.
		The force that disrupted the star in RX J1242-11 is an extreme example of the tidal force caused by differences in gravity acting on the front and back of an object.
		The tidal force from the Moon causes tides in Earth's oceans.
	science.nasa.gov /headlines/y2004/18feb_mayhem.htm (731 words)

	Earthquake due to Solid Earth Tidal Waves and The Measurement of Tidal Force using Remote Sensing
		The forces are being applied to the plates in various forms.
		The height of the tidal wave will also be increased during full moon and new moon days because of the gravity effect of the Moon on the Earth.
		This is one of the force that drives the Tectonic plates in Shallow fault region to produce sudden rupture among the tectonic plates which in turn triggers an earthquake.
	www.mapindia.org /2005/papers/Poster/68.htm (694 words)

	Motion in the Sea&emdash;Tides (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		this occurs because although all particles of mass within the earth are subject to the same centrifugal force, the gravitational force on each particle of mass within the earth varies with its distance from the moon or sun and the orbits of the planets are elliptical, not spherical
		remember, gravitational force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance: thus, the ratio of the moon's gravitational force between a point nearest the moon and farthest away is 378,460
		the presence of land masses prevents tidal bulges from circumnavigating the globe and the shape of the basins constrains the direction of tidal flows
	maritime.haifa.ac.il /departm/lessons/ocean/lect19.htm (1461 words)

	E2 Tidal Task Force
		Fits done by Hugh Radkins (look here) find that the tidal model (paladin.C by Eric Morganson) fit the calibrated data if the data is scaled by factor of about 0.79.
		Scale factors for tidal prediction can also be varied in the fit.
		The tidal prediction is based on Eric Morganson's paladin code.
	zebu.uoregon.edu /~strom/tides/earth_tides.html (677 words)

	Detecting Tidal Forces
		The gravitational origin of tides follows from Newton's theory of gravitation, whereby gravitational acceleration is proportional to mass and inversely proportional to distance squared.
		The projections of the tidal vector can be calculated from the altitude and azimuth of the Moon and Sun.
		The tidal vector is the time dependent tidal force experienced by the Earth.
	njsas.org /projects/tidal_forces/index.html (187 words)

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