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Topic: Timeline of cosmology

Related Topics

Steady state

Dark energy

Big Bang

Timeline of the Universe

Cosmology

Plasma cosmology

Cosmic background radiation

Timeline of the Big Bang

Cosmic microwave background radiation

Universe

Cosmological timeline

Cosmic inflation

Accelerating universe

Large scale structure of the cosmos

Hubble constant

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	Physical cosmology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Physical cosmology, as a branch of astrophysics, is the study of the large-scale structure of the universe and is concerned with fundamental questions about its formation and evolution.
		Cosmology is unusual in physics for drawing heavily on the work of particle physicists' experiments, and research into phenomenology and even string theory; from astrophysicists; from general relativity research; and from plasma physics.
		The effect on cosmology of the dark energy that these models describe is given by the dark energy's equation of state, which varies depending upon the theory.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Physical_cosmology (2387 words)

	Astronomy and astrophysics - Wikipedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The existence of our galaxy, the Milky Way, as a separate group of stars was only proven in the 20th century, along with the existence of "external" galaxies, and soon after, the expansion of the universe seen in the recession of most galaxies from us.
		Cosmology, a discipline that has a large intersection with astronomy, made huge advances during the 20th century, with the model of the hot big bang heavily supported by the evidence provided by astronomy and physics, such as the cosmic microwave background radiation, Hubble's Law and cosmological abundances of elements.
		Timeline of galaxies, clusters of galaxies, and large scale structure
	wikipedia.findthelinks.com /as/Astronomy_and_astrophysics.html (959 words)

	Timeline of cosmology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The timeline of cosmology lists the sequence of cosmological theories and discoveries in chronological order.
		1965 - Hannes Alfvén proposes plasma cosmology and extends the concept of ambiplasma.
		Robert Dicke, James Peebles, Peter Roll and David Todd Wilkinson interpret it as relic from the big bang.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Timeline_of_cosmology (1192 words)

	Astronomi - Wikipédia
		The Bible contains a number of statements on the position of the earth in the universe and the nature of the stars and planets, most of which are poetic rather than literal; see Biblical cosmology.
		In 500 AD, Aryabhata presented a mathematical system that took the earth to spin on its axis and considered the motions of the planets with respect to the sun.
		Cosmology made huge advances during the 20th century, with the model of the big bang heavily supported by the evidence provided by astronomy and physics, such as the cosmic microwave background radiation, Hubble's Law and cosmological abundances of elements.
	su.wikipedia.org /wiki/Astronomi (1444 words)

	Plasma cosmology: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Plasma cosmology is a non-standard (non-standard: a non-standard cosmology is a cosmological idea that contradicts the standard model of cosmolo...
		Their heavy emphasis on Halton Arp's work in addition to plasma cosmology indicates that it is most likely also a part of a general opposition to the Big Bang theory, rather than an attempt to reconcile the theories of Arp and the plasma cosmologists.
		Cosmology (Cosmology: The branch of astrophysics that studies the origin and evolution and structure of the universe) : Non-standard cosmology (Non-standard cosmology: a non-standard cosmology is a cosmological idea that contradicts the standard model of cosmolo...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/plasma_cosmology (2951 words)

	Dark energy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In cosmology, dark energy is a hypothetical form of energy which permeates all of space and has strong negative pressure.
		These observations are explained by postulating a kind of energy with negative pressure (see equation of state (cosmology) for a mathematical explanation): dark energy.
		Other ideas for dark energy have come from string theory, brane cosmology and the holographic principle, but have not yet proved as compelling as quintessence and the cosmological constant.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dark_Energy (2678 words)

	ipedia.com: Big Bang Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		In cosmology, the Big Bang theory is the prevailing scientific theory about the early development and shape of the universe.
		Einstein's theory of general relativity developed during this time had the result that the universe could not remain static, a result that he himself considered wrong, and which he attempted to fix by adding a cosmological constant which did not fix the problem.
		Huge advances in Big Bang cosmology were made in the late 1990s and the early 21st century as a result of major advances in telescope technology in combination with large amounts of satellite data such as from COBE and WMAP.
	www.ipedia.com /big_bang_1.html (4677 words)

	Big Bang - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		In physical cosmology, the Big Bang is the scientific theory that the universe emerged from an enormously dense and hot state about 13.7 billion years ago.
		Huge advances in Big Bang cosmology were made in the late 1990s and the early 21st century as a result of major advances in telescope technology in combination with large amounts of satellite data such as that from COBE, the Hubble Space Telescope and WMAP.
		Dark energy in its simplest formation takes the form of a cosmological constant term in Einstein's field equations of general relativity, but its composition is unknown and, more generally, the details of its equation of state and relationship with the standard model of particle physics continue to be investigated both observationally and theoretically.
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Expanding_universe (5777 words)

	Astronomy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Galactic astronomy) or problems addressed (such as star formation or cosmology); or by the way used for obtaining information (essentially, what region of the spectrum is used).
		While the first division is applicable to both observers and theorist, the second one applies only to observers (and imperfectly), as theorists try to use all the information available, in all wavelength, and observer often observe in more than one region of the spectrum.
		Observational cosmology: Study of the universe as a whole and its evolution.
	www.enlightenweb.net /a/as/astronomy.html (1534 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Cosmology: the study of the 4 universe as a 7 whole and its 9 evolution.
		Cosmology 2 made huge advances during 3 the 20th century, 0 with the model 7 of the big bang 1 heavily supported by 9 the evidence provided by 2 astronomy and physics, 8 such as the 0 cosmic microwave background 6 radiation, Hubble's Law 4 and cosmological abundances of 4 elements.
		Timeline of galaxies, clusters of 4 galaxies, and large 3 scale structure
	www.thecontactlens.net /astronomy_.htm (1855 words)

	Learn more about astronomy in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Fields of study are also categorized in another two ways: by subject, usually according to the region of space (e.g.
		Photographed by the NASA Global Surveyor in Mars orbit, the long dark streak is formed by the movement of a swirling column of Martian atmosphere (with similarities to a terrestrial tornado).
		The ancient Greeks made important contributions to astronomy, among them the definition of the magnitude system.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /a/as/astronomy.html (1385 words)

	Cosmology - Gurupedia
		Cosmology is the study of the large-scale structure and history of the
		Madore, Barry F., "Level 5 : A Knowledgebase for Extragalactic Astronomy and Cosmology".
		Hoiland, Paul, "Modern Cosmology Examined "Musing on the Evolution of a Cosmos Gouldsboro, Maine.
	www.gurupedia.com /c/co/cosmology.htm (162 words)

	Timeline of Cosmology: Summary of the History of Cosmology. Pictures Biography Quotes
		Timeline of Cosmology: Summary of the History of Cosmology.
		Bruno's cosmology is marked by infinitude, homogeneity, and isotropy, with planetary systems distributed evenly throughout.
		This animism (and a corresponding disdain for mathematics as a means to understanding) is the most dramatic respect in which Bruno's cosmology differs from what today passes for a common-sense picture of the universe.
	www.spaceandmotion.com /cosmology-history-astronomy-universe-space.htm (4257 words)

	Timeline of cosmology: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Timeline of solar astronomy[for more facts and a summary of this subject, Exception Handler: No article summary found.
		Timeline of the Universe[for more facts and a summary of this subject, Exception Handler: No article summary found.
		Timeline of meteorology[follow this hyperlink for a summary of this topic]
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /ref/timeline_of_cosmology (3404 words)

	.: Reference :. Webscavengers.net
		Photographed by Mars Global Surveyor, the long dark streak is formed by a moving swirling column of Martian atmosphere (with similarities to a terrestrial tornado).
		Cosmology: the study of the universe as a whole and its evolution.
		Galactic astronomy: the study of the structure and components of our galaxy and of other galaxies.
	www.webscavengers.net /modules/tinyd0/rewrite/wikipedia/a/as/astronomy.html (1884 words)

	Learn more about Cosmology in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Learn more about Cosmology in the online encyclopedia.
		According to the proposed extreme circumstances during the first minutes of the universe's history, Big Bang cosmologists often co-operate with scientists from areas such as Particle physics.
		Cosmological timeline (cosmological events, and some closer to home)
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /c/co/cosmology.html (191 words)

	Open Directory - Science: Astronomy: Cosmology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Cosmology - Companion site to the PBS mini-series, discussing the challenge to traditional Christian views posed by the scientific understanding of cosmological evolution, and ways in which they might be reconciled.
		Cosmology - A summary of research areas at the University of Kansas, with links to activities and personnel.
		Introduction to Cosmology - These notes form an introduction to cosmology with special emphasis on large scale structure, the cmb anisotropy and inflation.
	www.dmoz.org /Science/Astronomy/Cosmology (942 words)

	Physical cosmology - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		For other uses of the word, see Cosmology.
		Cosmology, as a branch of astrophysics, is the study of the large-scale structure of the universe and is concerned with fundamental questions about its formation and evolution.
		Cosmology: the science of the universe, Cambridge University Press.
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Physical_cosmology (2515 words)

	Redshift - QuickSeek Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		In the classical Doppler effect, the frequency of the source is not modified, but the recessional motion causes the illusion of a lower frequency.
		An effect very similar to the Doppler effect is caused by the expansion of space predicted by the current models of physical cosmology.
		Alternative hypotheses (for example, tired light and other suggestions from nonstandard cosmologies) are not generally considered plausible.
	redshift.quickseek.com (2819 words)

	Readings, Tutorials
		Many web pages on cosmology, early universe and particle physics through ASTR 5720 Web Projects at the University of Colorada, Boulder (see also Andrew Hamilton's Advice about the Web page, which he put together for that course).
		Some applets for simulations and animations relevant to cosmology and astrophysics from the UBC group.
		Lectures on by Inflationary Cosmology and Structure Formation and on Clustering of mass and galaxies by John Peacock
	astro.berkeley.edu /~mwhite/readinglist.html (544 words)

	Cosmology
		Due to the extreme conditions believed to be present during the first minutes of the universe's history, cosmologists often co-operate with scientists from areas such as Particle physics.
		Dictionary of the History of Ideas: Cosmology from Antiquity to 1850
		Dictionary of the History of Ideas: Cosmology since 1850
	cosmology.kiwiki.homeip.net (386 words)

	India Timeline 1: Early India
		Bronze users and horse handlers, Aryans had a superior military and their cavalry warfare enabled them to spread their culture from the Punjab across northern India, preparing the way for emergence of large empires.
		The Aryans had a complex cosmology and knowledge of astral sciences--astronomy considered central to Aryan statecraft.
		Braj was the popular literary dialect until it was replaced by khari boli in the 19th century" (Hindi: The Language of Songs, including a timeline).
	web.cocc.edu /cagatucci/classes/hum210/tml/indiatml/indiatml1.htm (4108 words)

	A timeline of mathematics and theoretical physics
		History --> Timeline (before 1800 / 1800-1899 / 1900 until today)
		Max Planck makes his quantum hypothesis -- that energy is carried by indistinguishable units called quanta, rather than flowing in a pure continuum.
		Timeline: –1500 to 1799 // 1800 to 1899 // 1900 to now // A brief history of string theory
	superstringtheory.com /history/history3.html (2102 words)

	Observational Cosmology
		Conventional lectures may be a good way of getting a set of notes into your folder, but they are too passive to be a very good way of communicating real understanding.
		This course is based on the idea that your grasp of cosmology will be much better if you research and assemble your own set of notes.
		If you took this course, then you should consult your notes, if not, the relevant section of the course can be downloaded from here.
	www.sr.bham.ac.uk /~tjp/ObsCos (1554 words)

	astronomy and cosmology
		Simulations of gas density and galaxy-formation, by Princeton University.
		Timeline of Universe and tutorial about early stages of the universe, from NASA.
		Simulations and images of beginning of universe, galaxies, etc. by Cambridge's cosmology supercomputer.
	pdg.lbl.gov /~aerzber/aps_astronomy.html (428 words)

	ENGLISH ENCYCLOPAEDIA - Astronomy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		• Cosmology: the study of the universe as a whole and its evolution.
		Also, there are other disciplines that may be considered part of astronomy:
		See list of astronomical topics for a more exhaustive list of astronomy-related pages.
	encyclopaedic.net /english/as/astronomy.html (1766 words)

	astrobiology, astrobiologia, space exploration, missions
		Recent Progress in Inflationary Cosmology, by Andrei Lind, 96/01 Quantum Cosmology and the Structure of Inflationary Universe, by Andrei Linde, 95/08
		Lectures on Inflationary Cosmology, by Andrei Linde, 94/10 Introduction to Cosmology, by David H. Lyth, 93/12 Classical and Quantum Theory of Perturbations in Inflationary Universe Models, by R. Brandenberger et al., 93/07
		Cosmology at the Crossroads, by Paul J. Steinhardt, 95/02 Recent Advances in Redshift Surveys of the Local Universe, by Michael A. Strauss, 96/10
	astrobionet.rediris.es /cosmo.html (487 words)

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