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Topic: Timeline of liberal and centrist parties in Estonia

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List of political parties in Estonia

Estonian Centre Party

Social Democratic Party (Estonia)

Politics of Estonia

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	Political Party Encyclopedia Articles @ 209.68.55.237 () (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In parliamentary systems of government, most political parties have an elected leader who, if his or her party is elected by absolute majority, or with a relative majority within the coalition where tradition is thus, becomes head of government.
		One right wing coalition party and one left wing coalition party is the most common ideological breakdown in such a system but in two-party states political parties are traditionally catch all parties which are ideologically broad and inclusive.
		Political parties are funded by contributions from their membership and by individuals and organisations which share their political ideals or who stand to benefit from their activities.
	209.68.55.237 /encyclopedia/Political_party (1361 words)

	European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party
		The European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party is a liberal party, active in the European Union, uniting liberal and centrist parties around Europe.
		On July 13, 2004 the Parliamentary Group of the ELDR approved a recommendation to unite in a new group with the UDF, the Lithuanian Labour Party and additional Italian members to create a new centre force to be called the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE).
		This group is the parliamentary group of the ELDR and the European Democratic Party of the UDF, Lithuanian Labour Party and the Italian Margherita party.
	207.150.180.135 /European_Liberal_Democrat_and_Reform_Party (269 words)

	Liberal parties (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		A liberal party is defined here as a political party, that adheres to the basic principles of (political) liberalism.
		At the end of the eighteenth and the beginning of the nineteenth century liberals started to organise themselves in loose organisations and/or political parties in opposition to conservative, clerical and absolutist forces, striving after the emancipation of citizens and the middle class.
		The mainstream of liberalism continues on the path of gradual reforms, embraces electoral democracy as a basic liberal position and organizes itself in the form of the traditional liberal parties.
	www.aseannewsnetwork.de /articles/content/l/li/liberal_parties.html (1653 words)

	Estonia
		Estonia maintains an embassy in the United States at 2131 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Washington DC 20008 (tel: [1] (202) 588-0101; fax: [1] (202) 588-0108).
		Estonia also boasts a national currency that is freely convertible at a fixed exchange rate, and conservative fiscal and monetary policies.
		Estonia also is represented in the United States by a Consulate General in New York and three Honorary Consuls: Jaak Treiman in Los Angeles, Mart Kask in Seattle, and Scott E. Schul in Maine.
	www.infoplease.com /country/profiles/estonia.html (4621 words)

	CIA - The World Factbook -- Field Listing - Background
		In the 2005 general elections, the Democratic Party and its allies won a decisive victory on pledges of reducing crime and corruption, promoting economic growth, and decreasing the size of government.
		On 21 November 1995, in Dayton, Ohio, the warring parties initialed a peace agreement that brought to a halt three years of interethnic civil strife (the final agreement was signed in Paris on 14 December 1995).
		The country was a de facto one-party state from 1969 until 1982 when the ruling Kenya African National Union (KANU) made itself the sole legal party in Kenya.
	www.starrepublic.org /factbook/fields/2028.html (17173 words)

	Ireland Information Guide , Irish, Counties, Facts, Statistics, Tourism, Culture, How (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Liberal parties believe in the growth of a free society based on personal liberty, personal responsibility and social justice.
		As late as 1848 in Europe, liberalism was generally seen as a revolutionary force, and in those parts of the world where feudalism or other highly traditionalist (or merely socially rigid) societies remain, it still has revolutionary aspects.
		Many liberal or similar parties are member of the Liberal International and/or of its regional partners, like the European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party and the Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats.
	www.irelandinformationguide.com /Liberal_parties (1558 words)

	Elections in Norway jerak.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		This method is the modified Sainte-Laguë method and the underlying principle is that the number of seats a party gets in the Storting should be as close to the relative number of votes the party got in the election (the principle of mathematical fairness).
		A party must achieve more than 4% of the total votes – the election threshold – to be entitled to levelling seats.
		However, only parties with more than 4% of the votes on a national basis – the election threshold – are entitled to levelling seats.
	www.jerak.org /en/Elections+in+Norway (778 words)

	ipedia.com: Liberal parties Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		This brought many liberal parties not to name or label itself as a Liberal party.
		This happens also often when a second liberal party is formed in a country.
		Parti Libéral du Québec (Liberal Party of Quebec, distinct from Liberal Party of Canada)
	www.ipedia.com /liberal_parties.html (1605 words)

	Liberal to conservative: How does this transition happen??? [Archive] - Sean Hannity Discussion
		I think both major parties are corrupt, and only beholden to their corporate sponsors and those with the deepest pockets, not the people they are supposed to represent.
		I don't think the words "liberal" or "conservative" should be all-purpose insults, by the way, and the contemporary left and contemporary liberalism have their own problems, too.
		His centrist platform was a sign of American politics' future, his battles access to presidential debates set precedent and foreshadowed the difficulties that many third party candidates would face in elections to come, and many of his policies were either successfully adopted or ignored at the president's peril.
	www.hannity.com /forum/archive/index.php/t-36781.html (10841 words)

	Canada Article, Canada Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The only other party to form a government is the now-defunct Progressive Conservative Party, whichin December 2003 merged with the Canadian Alliance to form the Conservative Party of Canada.
		Two smaller parties, the right-wing Action démocratique du Québec (ADQ)and the left-wing Union des forcesprogressistes (UFP), are trying to break into the two-party system and do not focus primarily on the sovereignty question.However, of the two, only the ADQ has yet elected members to the National Assembly (Quebec's legislature).
		Such liberal social policies can probably best be tied to the political dominance of the Liberal Party of Canada over national debate within the lastdecade.
	www.anoca.org /canadian/government/canada.html (3127 words)

	Guardian Unlimited Politics \| Comment \| For better or for worse
		I have no illusions: my views on Estonia, still less my introspective musings on my family's tortured history, would be a tough sell at the best of times.
		If the election of IDS was the triumph of grassroots democracy in the Tory party, the coronation of Michael Howard is the brutal reassertion of the party's parliamentary elite.
		Centrist, modern, pro-European, Blair seemed set to gather all the forces of progressive politics around him.
	politics.guardian.co.uk /columnist/story/0,,1074160,00.html (817 words)

	Ireland
		The prime minister is elected by the Dail (lower house of Parliament) as the leader of the political party, or coalition of parties, which wins the most seats in the national elections, held approximately every 5 years (unless called earlier).
		The major political parties in Northern Ireland are the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP), Sinn Fein, the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP), and the Social Democratic and Labor Party (SDLP).
		The UUP and SDLP are centrist unionist and republican parties, respectively, while Sinn Fein is strongly republican and the DUP is strongly unionist.
	www.infoplease.com /country/profiles/ireland.html (2969 words)

	1897-1961: This Far and No Further (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The radical labor movement had successfully helped spread labor unrest across much of the country and sparked effective strikes against corporations; the unions were largely anti-war, with prominent Communist and Socialist leaders who believed the war was fought merely for capitalistic gain and against the foreign workers for whom they felt a sense of comradeship.
		The more centrist Mensheviks, formerly revolutionary colleagues of Lenin's followers, refuse to take part in the new government, as do other more rightist allies; most of them are later driven into exile or executed.
		The Communist Party is banned in Germany as a result of the fire.
	www.iraqtimeline.com /1897.html (15409 words)

	Lithuania
		A party must receive at least 5% of the national vote to be represented in the Seimas.
		This pattern was broken in the October 2000 elections when the Liberal Union and New Union parties won the most votes and were able to form a centrist ruling coalition with minor partners.
		Lithuania maintains foreign diplomatic missions in 60 countries on six continents, a consular post in one country that is not represented by an embassy, consular posts led by Honorary Consuls in 32 countries that are not represented by an embassy, and a special mission in one country without other diplomatic representation.
	www.factmonster.com /country/profiles/lithuania.html (4285 words)

	Kiev Ukraine News Blog
		Cheney is on a three-day trip to southern Poland to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the liberation of the Nazi death camps at Auschwitz and Birkenau.
		Cheney is on a three-day trip to Poland to attend the 60th anniversary of the liberation of the Nazi death camps at Auschwitz and Birkenau.
		Soon afterwards, she was briefly jailed for alleged fraud in connection with her former gas-trading business, but re-emerged as leader of a centrist opposition bloc that won 7 per cent of the vote in 2002 parliamentary elections.
	blog.kievukraine.info /2005_01_01_kievukrainenewsblog_archive.html (12301 words)

	NucNews - January 3, 2001
		Italy's Green and Communist parties, both opponents of NATO's 78-day bombing campaign in Yugoslavia, have long claimed that the ammunition was sickening peacekeepers in the Balkans.
		The Communist Refoundation Party, which supported the centre-left government from 1996-98, called for all Italian troops to be pulled out of the former Yugoslavia immediately.
		The Baltic states of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia -- which were part of the Soviet Union before its collapse in 1991 -- want to be the next new members.
	nucnews.net /nucnews/2001nn/0101nn/010103nn.htm (20667 words)

	Right Wing Nut House » 2005 » May » 09
		An orgy of remembrance took place all across Europe this last weekend as the continent’s increasingly passive and pacific countries celebrated the very war-like achievements of their grandfathers in tossing the regime of Adolph Hitler and all it stood for on the ash heap of history.
		The fact that Bush spoke of this agreement in Latvia, one of the Baltic states that both Hitler and Stalin coveted is significant in that he connected the brutality of Hitler with the perfidy of Stalin and the Soviet Union in a way that’s rarely been done by an American President:
		Small German minorities in Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia allowed Hitler to cast a covetous eye toward the prosperous little countries while Stalin, ever the expansionist, had similar designs to incorporate them into his growing empire.
	rightwingnuthouse.com /archives/2005/05/09 (2616 words)

	The Daily Bleed December Reference Page: A Calendar Better Than Boiled Coffee! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		It was considered useful that the many advanced parties & groups formed outside of the International & the remaining Internationalists should meet & discuss ideas & action.
		Certain previously trientista elements like Angel Pestana late on went on to form a political party, (the bulk of the Treintistas were associated with the "Libertarian Syndicalist Federation" not Pestana's party).
		December 31 Emma hosts a New Year's eve party at her apartment on East 125th Street; Mabel Dodge Luhan is among those invited.
	recollectionbooks.com /bleed/12ref.htm (11186 words)

	Russkiye Novosti (E20 Alt Hist) [Archive] - jolt.co.uk public forums (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The dual monarchy is begining to show an imperiallistic face, the annexation of Slavic Bosnia was bad enough but entering Montenegro aswell is nothing but pure desire to control the entire area, I shudder to think what they would do if one day they decide to "unite" all Romanians under their rule.
		As for further negotiations on the matter, we believed that the former arrangements were satisfactory to both parties, or at least as satisfactory as was possible to achieve under circumstances which have not changed in substance.
		We will endeavor to build as many armored cars and aircraft as you can afford [OoC: The armored cars (called broneviki, singular bronevik) are tracked, and armed with a couple machine-guns and a flame-thrower, and have large crews, while the aircraft are based on the German models developed during their Revolution, with light machine-guns].
	forums.jolt.co.uk /archive/index.php/t-432096.html (17103 words)

	Timeline 2002k
		2002 Nov 8, China's President Jiang Zemin opened the Communist Party to the new capitalist rich to preserve its grip on power as he kicked off a congress at which his generation of leaders is due to retire.
		2002 Nov 16, Abdullah Gul, a moderate politician from a party with Islamic roots, was chosen to be Turkey's next prime minister, but he was widely regarded as a stand-in for the party's real leader, Recep Tayyip Erdogan.
		Two Palestinian gunmen opened fire on a Likud Party office crowded with voters casting ballots in a leadership race and also attacked passengers at a nearby bus terminal in northern Israel.
	www.timelines.ws /21stcent/2002_11.HTML (9651 words)

	World War I - North Texas Vets - Some Gave All, All Gave Some - None Will Be Forgotten
		After the 1890 elections, in which the centre and left parties made major gains, and due in part to his disaffection at inheriting the Chancellor who had guided his grandfather for most of his career, Wilhelm engineered Bismarck's resignation.
		In March 1917, demonstrations in St. Petersburg culminated in the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II and the appointment of a weak centrist provisional government, which shared power with the socialists of the Petrograd Soviet.
		Meanwhile, the war, and the government, became more and more unpopular, and the discontent was strategically used by the Bolshevik party, led by Vladimir Lenin, in order to gain power.
	www.northtexasvets.com /WarPages/WorldWarI.html (5186 words)

	NucNews - November 8, 2002
		Approval was not likely to be issued until next year due to the upcoming 16th Communist Party Congress, during which top Chinese leaders are expected to step down from their party posts, another industry source said.
		They are to face each other in a party primary in the next few weeks that will determine the Likud's candidate for prime minister in national elections expected in January.
		Sharon's coalition with the Labor Party fell apart last week, his aides gave assurances that he would keep all of his commitments to President Bush, including a pledge not to harm Yasir Arafat, the Palestinian leader.
	nucnews.net /nucnews/2002nn/0211nn/021108nn.htm (19518 words)

	Articles - Liberalism in Estonia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		1992: The Popular Front fell apart and Savisaar founded the Estonian People´s Centre Party (Eesti Rahva-Keskerakond), beter known as the Estonian Centre Party (Eesti Keskerakond).
		The liberal and centrist character of the party is often disputed, whereby the party is considered a left of centre populist/personalist party.
		1994: The party is the basis for the new Estonian Reform Party (Eesti Reformierakond)
	www.bronzebass.com /articles/Liberalism_in_Estonia (493 words)

	Maps & Listings of Countries [Archive] - Alternate History Discussion Board
		The new Prime Minister's emergency powers eliminated all opposition parties except for his recently created Fascism Party and in the inmediate years after the end of the Second Great War began to lean closer to the Nafobor regime in Russia.
		The Italian nation of the year 2004 is a minor ally of the Russian Nafobor regime and as such is a torn in the side of the German Empire and their allies.
		There was also the added POD that Diaz being more liberal towards the end of his last presidential term, thereby helping to usher Mexico into first world status in the late 1910's and early 1920's.
	www.alternatehistory.com /Discussion/archive/index.php/t-4014.html (18749 words)

	CIA - The World Factbook -- Field Listing - Political parties and leaders
		Andorran Democratic Center Party or CDA (formerly Democratic Party or PD) [leader NA]; Liberal Party of Andorra or PLA (formerly Liberal Union or UL) [Albert PINTAT]; Social Democratic Party or PS (formerly part of National Democratic Group or AND) [Mariona GONZALEZ REOLIT]
		Awami League or AL [Sheikh HASINA]; Bangladesh Communist Party or BCP [Saifuddin Ahmed MANIK]; Bangladesh Nationalist Party or BNP [Khaleda ZIA, chairperson]; Islami Oikya Jote or IOJ [Mufti Fazlul Haq AMINI]; Jamaat-e-Islami or JI [Motiur Rahman NIZAMI]; Jatiya Party or JP (Ershad faction) [Hussain Mohammad ERSHAD]; Jatiya Party (Manzur faction) [Naziur Rahman MANZUR]
		Colombian Communist Party or PCC [Jaime CAICEDO]; Conservative Party or PSC [Carlos HOLGUIN Sardi]; Democratic Pole or PDI [Samuel MORENO Rojas]; Liberal Party or PL [Juan Fernando CRISTO]
	www.starrepublic.org /factbook/fields/2118.html (3068 words)

	Ireland Information Guide , Irish, Counties, Facts, Statistics, Tourism, Culture, How (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Queen Elizabeth II - Her Majesty the Queen of Canada, here wearing the Order of Canada
		In recent years Canada has come to be thought as having a more left-wing political slant than the United States.
		In terms of national symbols and emblems, the use of the maple leaf as a Canadian symbol dates back to the early 18th century and is depicted on its current and previous flags and coat of arms.
	www.irelandinformationguide.com /Canada (3248 words)

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