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Topic: Timing (linguistics)

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	Linguistics Department Long-Range Plan
		Linguistics at UCSC is a relatively small department with a focus in theoretical linguistics.
		Linguistics currently has 25 graduate students, and our goal is to increase this number by 50% by the end of the decade to a total of approximately 37 students, as shown in the planning chart.
		Linguistics majors satisfy the requirement by achieving a level of language competence equivalent to six quarters of language study at UCSC (three quarters for Latin or Greek) or by demonstrating an equivalent level of competency through a recognized language test or evidence of credit from another institution.
	humwww.ucsc.edu /deansoffice/ten_year_plans/dep-files/Ling-10year.html (3992 words)

	Speech Timing and Linguistic Theory - Port and Leary
		Linguists tend to assume that the temporal layout of speech is a property that is imposed on language from the outside at the point where the logically static and serially ordered structures of the language itself are performed by the human body.
		Contrary to the practice of linguistic theory, it is the written and orthographic versions of language that are derivative from speech.
		The actual implementation in time is interpreted to be a consequence of universal processes of interpretation of the symbol external to the linguistic description per se.
	www.cs.indiana.edu /~port/pap/paris.july05.submtd.htm (9338 words)

	Timing - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The act of measuring the elapsed time of something or someone, often at athletic events such as swimming or running, where participants are timed with a device such as a stopwatch.
		Comic timing by a comedian or actor, an element of humor.
		In phonology, the rhythm of a spoken language.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Timing (177 words)

	THOUGHTS ON QuAL: QUANTUM ANTHROPOLOGICAL LINGUISTICS
		Linguists and physicists alike share recognition of a parallel, invisible realm co-existing, dynamically interactive with, and causal to the physical realm.
		Linguistics must similarly describe how phonemes, all of the possible sounds taken to mean a /t/, for instance, become one actual manifestation within a specific spacetime context.
		This really New Linguistics would realize that our total bodymind is activated during communication, as reflected in the gestalt and interplay of various brainwave rhythms in various parts of the brain, and that one of these levels includes the ancient (though modernly culturally repressed) species-specific linkage called telepathy.
	www.enformy.com /dma-qal1.htm (2559 words)

	MODALITY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Universal regularities in the timing and structure of infantsÕ vocal babbling and first words have been taken as evidence that the brain must be attuned to perceiving and producing spoken language, per se, in early life.
		Deaf babies do not produce more gestures, even though linguistic "signs" (identical to the "word") and communicative gestures reside in the same modality, and even though some signs and gestures are formationally and referentially similar.
		Thus, for the first time, we were able to obtain recordings of the timing, rate, path movement, velocity, and "fo" for all infant hand activity, and to obtain sophisticated, 3-D graphic displays of each.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~lpetitto/langAc.html (1403 words)

	LING001 -- HW1 -- answer sheet
		The paper addresses issues in theoretical linguistics (there have been several applications of this line of research in psycholinguistics and in computational linguistics, but there is no evidence of this in the abstract).
		This article deals with phonetics (the fine details of timing of laryngeal activity) and with phonology (because language are compared according to whether breathiness and pharyngealization of vowels are a distinctive part of the phonological system, or are a consequence of properties of adjacent consonants).
		The subfield is "applied linguistics", which as you have learned is mainly used to refer to "second language teaching and learning".
	www.ling.upenn.edu /courses/Fall_2002/ling001/hw1_answers.html (1384 words)

	LINGUISTICS
		Background and scope of modern linguistics; behaviorist versus rationalist theories of language; universal and cognitive aspects of language structure; interplay of genetic and social factors in language formation; linguistic analysis.
		Linguistic analysis as a basis for the teaching of English as a foreign language; language as rule-governed behavior.
		Intensive investigation of the main trends in the history of linguistics, concentrating on the development of nineteenth-century historical linguistics, the various schools of structural linguistics, and transformational-generative grammar.
	www.washington.edu /students/crscat/ling.html (3156 words)

	Phonetics and Motor Activity - Port
		This question is important for the theory of linguistics, but the traditional view in linguistics is that certain things are known in advance about this interface that follow from the nature of language itself.
		Accounting for the action of these formal systems in continuous time (e.g., issues like rates of change between cognitive states, rates of temporal decay of representations, etc.) is too difficult a problem to be tackled all at once.
		Since modern linguists nearly always conduct their research in phonology and historical linguistics based on these assumptions, most linguists rightly consider phonetics to be an important research area.
	www.cs.indiana.edu /~port/pap/man.sept14.submtd.sglsp.htm (7720 words)

	GURT 2001: Schedule at a Glance, Thursday, March 8 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		William Labov is a Professor of Linguistics and the Director of the Linguistics Laboratory at the University of Pennsylvania.
		After a postdoctoral (NIMH) fellowship in the Linguistics Department at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, she was Assistant Professor of Linguistics at the University of Michigan from 1969-72.
		In the case of Navajo, the brief liberalizing pluralistic linguistic policy of the US government some twenty years ago has now faded and reverted to policies encouraging the shift to English, unchecked by Navajo Nation’s effort to resist language loss, so that the language must now be seen as in serious danger of loss.
	www.georgetown.edu /events/gurt/2001/plenary.html (3225 words)

	"The Talking Computer" Text to Speech Synthesis, Section 09
		Nonetheless, mistakes in timing and pitch are likely to result in unintelligible speech or, at best, the perception that the speaker is a non-native speaker.
		Humans normally talk with the timing and intonation appropriate to their native language which they acquired as children by imitating adult speakers.
		Another dimension of human speech, the emotional state of the speaker, is as important as the linguistic content of the message.
	mitpress.mit.edu /e-books/hal/chap6/six9.html (617 words)

	Linguistics Program at South Carolina
		The study of languages is a necessary tool for linguists, and candidates must demonstrate knowledge of at least one foreign language, either as a research tool (i.e.
		Time to completion: Normally, it takes a student four to five years to complete all requirements.
		Time to completion: For full time students, the certificate course work can be completed in one academic year, with the practicum extending through first summer session.
	www.cas.sc.edu /ling/grad/gradreqs.html (2013 words)

	Spanish Department - Travis G. Bradley
		Furthermore, it is argued that models of the phonetics-phonology interface which view timing as a low-level detail of phonetic implementation incorrectly predict that input morphological structure should have no effect on gestural coordination.
		In contrast to theories which relegate gestural timing to a low-level phonetic implementation component, this study argues for a unified model in which gestural and non-gestural constraints are present in the same level of the phonology (Hall 2003).
		Cho's central hypothesis is that "the timing between two gestures created by morpheme concatenation is not lexically specified and is therefore potentially subject to any phonological change which can be produced by varying gestural overlap" (Cho 1998b:5).
	philo.ucdavis.edu /home/tbradley/research (3443 words)

	Timing (linguistics) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Language timing is the rhythmic quality of a particular type of speech, in particular how syllables are distributed across time.
		In a stress-timed language, syllables may last different amounts of time, but there is a constant amount of time (on average) between two consecutive stressed syllables.
		The pervasive vowel reduction and shortening found in English is in part a consequence of stress timing; Mexican Spanish under this influence shows signs of vowel shortening as well.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Timing_(linguistics) (589 words)

	Cornell University Linguistics Department
		This dissertation examines the timing properties of geminates in Bernese (a dialect of Swiss German), Hungarian, Levantine Arabic, and Madurese (an Austronesian language of Indonesia).
		I argue that differences in geminate timing are ultimately correlated with whether a language is syllable- or mora-timed, such that geminates in the former type are typically shorter.
		However, I argue thatword-initial tense consonants lose one timing slot due to Stray Erasure,while intervocalic tense consonants keep both timing slots during the derivation.The application of Stray Erasure is supported by the results of acousticand perceptual experiments.
	ling.cornell.edu /clcpubs/dissertations.html (5508 words)

	CAL: Digests: Language Teaching Methodology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The method concept in language teaching—the notion of a systematic set of teaching practices based on a particular theory of language and language learning—is a powerful one, and the quest for better methods was a preoccupation of teachers and applied linguists throughout the 20th century.
		An opposed view (e.g., Silent Way, Suggestopedia) observes that adults have different brains, interests, timing constraints, and learning environments than do children, and that adult classroom learning therefore has to be fashioned in a way quite dissimilar to the way in which nature fashions how first languages are learned by children.
		The methodological proposal is to provide instructional focus on the non-linguistic aspects of communication, including rhythm, speed, pitch, intonation, tone, and hesitation phenomena in speech and gesture, facial expression, posture, and distance in non-verbal messaging.
	www.cal.org /resources/digest/rodgers.html (1898 words)

	Linguistics Department Tuesday Seminar Series
		The results from the linguistic data will be contrasted with the apparently conflicting evidence found in mitochrondrial and nuclear DNA studies.
		Within linguistics there is an old tradition of classifying languages into different rhythmic classes based on the regular timing of some phonological unit (e.g.
		Although the original notion of isochrony has not been upheld by empirical research, new measures of timing (based on variability or durational contrast) are revealing systematic difference between stress-timed and syllable-timed languages.
	www.ling.hawaii.edu /UHMTueSem (1940 words)

	USC College: Faculty: Department of Linguistics: Dani Byrd
		She studies how the skilled, sound producing movements of the vocal tract are coordinated in time as a result of linguistic structuring, such as phrase and syllable structure.
		Phonetics is an interdisciplinary area of research, which in addition to requiring an understanding of linguistics, incorporates elements of cognitive science, motor control, acoustics, engineering, physiology, and psychology.
		Professor Byrd considers her work in speech production to be part of the growing interdisciplinary research effort in cognitive science, adopting the view that the study of language is one of the cornerstones of this effort as it is a special human ability that makes possible the richness of human intellect, relationships, culture, and technology.
	www.usc.edu /schools/college/faculty/faculty1003147.html (1210 words)

	Smithsonian Speech Synthesis History Project (ss_eloq.htm)
		The particular linguistic models developed, which included language-universal and dialect-universal components, form the basis for the ETI-Eloquence text-to-speech system, which has been marketed since 1995, and at the time of this writing, is available for twelve languages on multiple computer plat- forms, including small hand-held devices.
		The model was derived from observa- tions of the durational behavior of sonorants before voiced and voiceless obstruents, diphthongs in fast and slow speech, and the timing of aspiration.
		In addition to more straightforward expres- sion of timing patterns in a particular language, the model has made possible the direct expression of a variety of acoustic uni- versals, and it has helped us increase our understanding of the relationship between phonology and phonetics.
	www.mindspring.com /~ssshp/ssshp_cd/ss_eloq.htm (1797 words)

	Uralic Linguistics Vs. Voodoo Science!
		A number of researchers - mainly, the linguists Kalevi Wiik, Janos Pusztay and Ago Kunnap and the historian Kyösti Julku - proposed a radical new paradigm, basically entailing that languages ancestral to Finnish and Saami were spoken in a vast area in Northern Europe during the latest Glacial, i.e.
		At the same time, the agents of this breakthrough or revolution have turned into an essentially closed circle, publishing mainly in general popular-scientific and cultural venues like Kanava and Kaltio and producing reports of closed conferences and symposia (see, for example, Roots I, Roots II and III in the Bibliography).
		Thus, whereas within Uralic linguistics itself the supporters of the new paradigm have failed to make their case, the Uralic "breakthrough" is finding a fertile ground elsewhere, here, for example.
	www.geocities.com /isolintu/voodoo.html (2975 words)

	Schulenberg & Associates, Inc. (Stock Market Timing Newsletter)
		Our current QQQQ timing model was finalized at the end of January 2005, after incorporation of logic to take account of crude oil prices.
		This process produces a stock timing model that reflects the natural 'rhythm' of the stock or ETF, and since it is MTI-based, it quickly reacts to the overall 'temperature' of the stock market.
		Our Mutual Fund Timing Indicator (MFTI) was developed using our Stock Market Timing Indicator (MTI) as a base, and this works very well to identify those protracted periods when mutual funds (as a Class of investment) are in either a 'buy' or a 'sell' state.
	www.schulenberg.com (1171 words)

	Courses in Linguistics and Teaching English as a Second and Foreign Language
		An introduction to the aims and methodologies of linguistics as a graduate discipline: the field of linguistics, its subdisciplines, and its relationship to adjacent arts and sciences; bibliographical resources; methods of research and research writing; and a brief survey of the historical development of linguistics and current issues in the field.
		Analysis of the phonological, morphophonological, and syntactic features of English as a basis for linguistic application to problems of English language acquisition by non-native speakers.
		LIN 6081 (Introduction to Graduate Study in Linguistics) must be taken during the student's first term of enrollment as a graduate student, or during the first term it is available, if not offered during the first term the student is enrolled.
	www.cas.usf.edu /languages/linguistics/courses.html (848 words)

	Haskins Laboratories
		Papers on linguistics and phonetics in memory of Pierre Delattre (pp.
		229 Abramson, A. Laryngeal timing in consonant distinctions.
		In Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Languages and Linguistics: Pan-Asiatic Linguistics, Volume 1, pp.
	www.haskins.yale.edu /PUBLICATIONS/pub-a.html (913 words)

	German M.A.
		Students with the MA in German are therefore well positioned to continue their studies and earn the doctorate in either Comparative Literature with an emphasis on German culture and literature, or in Linguistics with an emphasis on Germanic linguistics.
		The M.A. non-thesis option requires 33 semester hours of graduate work, with a distribution as follows: a minimum of 24 hours in graduate topics courses at the 700 level; a maximum of 9 hours may be in courses at the 500 level.
		This time frame may be shortened if you elect to do independent study courses or thesis credits during the summer.
	www.cla.sc.edu /Dllc/german/german_ma.html (1774 words)

	IULC Publications Home Page
		We are always interested in publishing new dissertations and interesting, innovative papers in linguistics.
		Indiana University Working Papers in Linguistics Volume 5: Syntax and Beyond
		The IULC is not located in the same building as the Linguistics Department and the Club is responsible for orders.
	www.indiana.edu /~iulc (92 words)

	LINGUIST List 12.1839: Phonology
		William Ham, PHONETIC AND PHONOLOGICAL ASPECT OF GEMINATE TIMING This book examines the timing properties of geminates in Bernese (a dialect of Swiss German), Hungarian, Levantine Arabic, and Madurese (an Austronesian language of Indonesia).
		Based on acoustic studies of the four languages, the author argues that differences in geminate timing are ultimately correlated with whether a language is syllable- or mora-timed, such that geminates in the former type are typically shorter.
		This observation is accounted for in a model of geminate timing which integrates phonetic and phonological factors with both syntagmatic and hierarchical influences.
	www.linguistlist.org /issues/12/12-1839.html (422 words)

	Ear Training, Absolute Perfict Pitch, Language Learning and Music connections on the Educational CyberPlayGround
		In linguistics, the timing in a language comprises the rhythmic qualities of speech, in particular how syllables are distributed across time.
		There are two basic ways to assign time units (or beats) to words: stress timing and syllable timing.
		PERFECT TIME: Perfect appreciation of passing time without knowledge of or access to a clock face; Astonishing musical ability, superior spatial sense and remarkable memory.
	www.edu-cyberpg.com /Music/perfectpitch.html (3786 words)

	Department of Spanish & Portuguese / Departamento de español y portugués / Departamento de espanhol e ...
		Graduate students in Hispanic linguistics can take advantage of unique collections representing the language and literature of New Mexico and the Southwest, historical documents covering the entire Spanish colonial period, and the unique linguistic environment of New Mexico, where several varieties of Spanish co-exist and richly interact with English and several Native American languages.
		One of the projects being undertaken by faculty in the Department is the linguistic atlas of New Mexico and Southern Colorado, which proves to be one of the most detailed and far reaching of its kind.
		Linguistics Faculty in the Department of Spanish and Portuguese
	www.unm.edu /~spanport/spanish/linguistics.htm (396 words)

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