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Topic: Timur

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	Timur. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		With an army composed of Turks and Turkic-speaking Mongols, remnants of the empire of the Mongols, Timur spent his early military career in subduing his rivals in what is now Turkistan; by 1369 he firmly controlled the entire area from his capital at Samarkand.
		Timur abandoned some of his Russian conquests to return to Samarkand and invade (1398) India along the route of the Indus River.
		Timur’s reputation is that of a cruel conqueror.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ti/Timur.html (453 words)

	The Islamic World to 1600: The Mongol Invasions (The Timurid Empire)
		Timur's empire began in the Chagatai Khanate, where he was born in 1336.
		Timur began his career of conquest in Transoxiana, where he fought the Chagatai Khans for control of Transoxiana.
		Timur launched his attack on India in 1398, claiming that the Muslim Delhi Sultanate was too lenient towards its Hindu subjects.
	www.ucalgary.ca /applied_history/tutor/islam/mongols/timurid.html (1262 words)

	Tamerlane
		The same as Jenghiz Khan, Timur rose from a nomad ruler; however unlike Jenghiz Khan, he was the first one based his strength on the exploitation of settled populations and inherited a system of rule which could encompass both settled and nomad populations.
		Timur's conquests were extraordinary not only for their extent and their success, but also for their ferocity and massacres.
		Timur and his army were never at rest and neither age nor increasing infirmity could halt his growing ambitions.
	www.silk-road.com /artl/timur.shtml (1436 words)

	Timur Bekmambetov, Anatoly Maximov, Konstantin Ernst \| Interviews \| SCI FI Weekly
		The biggest hit ever produced in Russia for Russian release, Night Watch (Nochnoi Dozor), also out-grossed The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King and Spider-Man 2 during its theatrical run in Russia.
		The film's Russian director-writer, Timur Bekmambetov, and his producers, Anatoly Maximov and Konstantin Ernst, all of whom speak English with thick Russian accents, recently sat down with Science Fiction Weekly to discuss their film.
		Timur Bekmambetov, give us a sense of your background and how you got into directing.
	www.scifi.com /sfw/interviews/sfw12250.html (1009 words)

	Timur — FactMonster.com
		Timur abandoned some of his Russian conquests to return to Samarkand and invade (1398) India along the route of the Indus River.
		In 1400, Timur ravaged Georgia and proceeded to the Levant, where he took Aleppo and Baghdad.
		Timur's reputation is that of a cruel conqueror.
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/people/A0848795.html (433 words)

	www.indymedia.org
		Timur was an active member of St. Petersburg's hardcore punk and anarchist community, and our dear friend.
		Timur took an active part in the anarchist activities in the city, such as Food Not Bombs group and Epitsentr infoshop.
		For U.S. readers: Timur is seen on the Out Cold live in St. Petersburg DVD dancing, and his voice saying "Old school hardcore isn't about windmills, dude" is in fact heard as the intro to the film.
	www.indymedia.org /de/2005/11/827955.shtml (430 words)

	Timur (Tamerlane)
		In 1336, in a village thirty-six miles south of Samarkand, Timur was born.
		In this former capital of Islam's empire, Timur was led to the graves of the Prophet Muhammad's wives, Umm Selma and Umm Habiba.
		Timur then conquered the city, and as Timur was accustomed to do against people who resisted, he ordered the city's entire population, including women and children, annihilated, and the heads displayed in a pyramid.
	www.fsmitha.com /h3/h13tm.htm (2536 words)

	Afghanland.com Afghanistan Timur Shah
		By Afghanland.com: Timur Was born In 1336, in Chagatai Khanate, a village thirty-six miles south of Samarkand, He was the son of a pious Muslim who headed the Barlas.
		Timur returned to Samarkand in 1404 and in 1405, at the age of sixty-nine, he and his army departed for China.
		Timur's body was returned to Samarkand, and it was embalmed and buried in an ebony casket in a tomb.
	www.afghanland.com /history/timur.html (583 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Timur (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Timur's legacy is a mixed one, for while Central Asia blossomed, some say even peaked, under his reign, other places such as Baghdad, Damascus, Delhi and other Arab, Persian, Indian and Turkic cities were sacked and destroyed, and many thousands of people were slaughtered brutally.
		Timur Lenk, (also known as Timur i Leng (transl.: Timur the Lame - he was lame in the left foot since birth); or Tamerlane) (1336 - February 14, 1405) was a renowned Turkic 14th century conqueror and ruler in central Asia, especially southern Russia and Persia.
		Timur was despatched on a mission to the invader's camp, the result of which was his own appointment to the government of Mawaranahr.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Timur (1105 words)

	The rise of Timur-i-Leng (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Timur silently returned to the Mongol territory and recruited adventurers and fellow brigands for his Seistan expedition and leading a force of 1000 cavalry decided to settle a local conflict in Seistan.
		Timur and Hussain went forth to counter him and were smashed on the upper Oxus in 1365 by the charging hordes and lost many of their men and animals.
		Timur suddenly appeared near the fortifications of Kunduz and seven divisions of cavalry and a division of infantry sappers materialized beside him as though from nowhere.
	www.geocities.com /somasushma/Timur1.html (2302 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Timur was born in Transoxiana, near Kesh (an area now better known as Shahr-e Sabz, 'the green city,'), situated some 50 miles south of Samarkand in modern Uzbekistan.
		Timur was dispatched on a mission to the invader's camp, the result of which was his own appointment to the head of his own tribe, the Barlas, in place of its former leader Hajji Beg.
		Timur was also said to have created Tamerlane Chess, a variant of shatranj (also known as medieval chess) played on a larger board with several additional pieces and an original method of pawn promotion.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Timur (3027 words)

	Nehru and his view of Timur Lang
		Timur pleaded with his nobles: "My object in the invasion of Hindustan is to lead an expedition against the infidels that, according to the law of Mohammad (upon whom and his family be the blessing and peace of God).
		From Timur's own memoirs it is clear that his main motivation to invade India was to "convert the people of that country to the true faith and purify the land itself from infidelity and polytheism" and to overthrow "its temples and idols and become conquerors and crusaders before God".
		Timur having asked their advice, "they said that on the great day of battle these 100,000 prisoners could not be left with the baggage, and that it would be entirely opposed to the rules of war to set these idolaters and foes of Islam at liberty.
	www.hvk.org /articles/0303/139.html (2044 words)

	Timur Summary
		Tamerlane or Timur (Tamerlane is a corruption of the Persian Timur-i Lang, "Timur the Lame"), belonged to the Turkized Mongol clan of the Barlas, which had accompanied the Mongol armies westward and had settled in the Kashka Valley to the south of Samarkand, between Shakhrisyabz and Karshi.
		Timur ordered that every soldier should return with at least two severed human heads to show (many warriors were so scared they killed prisoners captured earlier in the campaign just to ensure they had heads to present to Timur).
		In 1402, Timur invaded Anatolia and defeated Bayezid, the ruler of the Ottoman Empire in the Battle of Ankara.
	www.bookrags.com /Timur (3433 words)

	Afghan Profiles - Timur Shah
		Timur had a quick rise to power; marrying a daughter of the Mughal Emperor Alamgir II he received Sirhind as a wedding gift, and later his father made him governor of Punjab, Kashmir and the Sirhind district in 1757 when he was only 9 years old.
		hen Timur succeeded his father in 1772, the regional chieftains only reluctantly accepted him, and most of his reign was spent fighting a civil war to resist rebellion.
		Timur died in 1793, and was then succeeded by his fifth son Zaman Shah.
	www.zmong-afghanistan.com /profiles/timur.asp (295 words)

	Timur and Timurids
		The revolt that broke out all over Persia while Timur was away on these campaigns, were repressed with ruthless vigor; whole cities were destroyed, their populations massacred and towers built of their skulls.
		In 1398 Timur invaded India on the pretext that the Muslim sultans of Delhi were showing excessive tolerance to their Hindu subjects.
		Timur set out before the end of 1399 on his last great expedition, in order to punish the Mamluk sultan of Egypt and the Ottoman sultan Bayasid I for their seizures of certain of his territories.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/5246/Timur.html (1012 words)

	Amir Timur [1336-1405] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Timur was born in 1336, at a small town called Kesh, 50 miles south of Samarkand.
		Timur's career was a combination of destruction and construction.
		It was only after the murder of a few of the Timur's soldiers at the hands of the local people, that he ordered a general massacre of locals and the plundering of Delhi.
	www.storyofpakistan.com /person.asp?perid=P052 (444 words)

	Timur's Empire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		At one time, Timur was almost at the gates of Moscow, but he never besieged the city.
		Around the time when Timur was beginning his rise to power, in 1368, the Mongol Yuan dynasty had been overthrown and the Ming dynasty had been established.
		Timur was eager to show the Ming emperor, who looked on him as vassal and had demanded tribute from him, who the true master of Asia was.
	www.umid.uz /Main/Uzbekistan/History/Timur_s_Empire/timur_s_empire.html (382 words)

	Timurid Architecture in Samarkand
		Timur filled his capital with both secular and religious monuments, as well as a plethora of gardens, which featured stone walls and floors with elaborate patterns and palaces outfitted with gold, silk and carpets.
		Timur was the principle builder of this structure and the initial complex, minus the mausoleum, was probably finished by 1401.
		Timur's cenotaph is a massive slab (the largest in the world) of nephrite (dark green jade) which was brought back from Mongolia by Ulugh Beg in 1425 and subsequently broken in half in the eighteenth century when the invading Persian ruler, Nadir Shah, tried to remove it from the chamber.
	www.oxuscom.com /timursam.htm (7656 words)

	Timur Empire
		Timur's father had died in the year of 1360, and his paternal uncle, Hajji Barlas who had replaced him was killed in the year of 1361.
		Timur who was a brave and intelligent Turkish nobleman would benefit from every opportunity to show his political and military genius and he would become exalted and a conqueror within a short period.
		He was a child that knew to ride horse, to put on swords, and to pass the arrow that he threw from the eye of a needle; and he was a gallant that fought in a war at the age of twelve.
	www.ozturkler.com /data_english/0003/0003_11_01.htm (677 words)

	Murder of anarchist in Russia by neonazis - Russia / Ukraine / Belarus Anti-fascism - Anarkismo
		Timur was stabbed repeatedly in the body and neck, severing the carotid artery.
		Timur was white and lying in a pool of his own blood.
		Timur was murdered for his beliefs in equality and freedom - we cannot forget that.
	www.anarkismo.net /newswire.php?story_id=1839 (1169 words)

	A Timurid Chronology
		Timur wounded in one of battles for power in region; from this came his lameness and nickname (Timur "The Lame"--Tamerlane).
		Timur conquers western Iran; beginning of conflict with his protege, Tokhtamysh, whom he had helped become Khan of the Golden Horde.
		Timur defeats Ottoman ruler Bayezid I at Ankara.
	faculty.washington.edu /dwaugh/hist225/225chron/timurchr1.html (548 words)

	Gur-Emir, Samarkand
		In 1405 Timur died in Otrar city and his sons decided to move his body and bury him near his favorite grandson.
		Every headstone is made from marble, only Timur’s headstone is from nephritis, it was brought by order of Ulugbek and put on grave of Timur.
		Timur’s skeleton was examined in Leningrad, and then all remains were returned back to the grave.
	www.advantour.com /uzbekistan/samarkand/gur-emir.htm (382 words)

	the Battle of Ankara
		There is consensus among historians that Timur's forces cut the water supply to Bayazed's army and that Bayazed lost the Battle of Ankara because of the thirst of his troops.
		This assumes that Timur's army was upstream and the Ottoman Army was downstream.
		The remnants of the canal that Timur's army dug and ruins of a monument probably Timur erected should be still there on the right bank of the Cubuk Creek at the Town of Cubuk waiting for an archeological study.
	members.core.com /~turgut/ankara.htm (1240 words)

	Drivers Flow From Timur Tabi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Timur The Modern is of Turkish and Austrian descent, and has a fondness for music that probably stems from a recalcitrant Viennese gene or two.
		Timur’s interest in device drivers began in college because they were a mix of the hardware and software that he was studying.
		His fiancee Theresa is a print media graphic designer and, based on the photo of her that Timur has posted on the web, is certainly the young maiden that any Timur past or present would have selected to carry off when they sacked an undefended town.
	www.scoug.com /os24u/1998/scoug803.2.timur.html (2450 words)

	Caritas Tajikistan: Timur is a Chernobyl victim.
		Timur Odinaev lives in Dushanbe, he is 12 years old and suffers from a radiation sickness: his father was a victim of the Chernobyl disaster and the kid is now paying the price.
		In any case, please say a prayer for Timur; he is Orthodox and devout, as his mother and little sister.
		Timur is already undergoing it: first days it was very difficult for the little one, now he is said to be doing better.
	tajikistan.ive.org /caritas/projects/timur.htm (680 words)

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