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	Tissaphernes - LoveToKnow 1911
		But Tissaphernes was unwilling to take action and tried to achieve his aim by astute and often perfidious negotiations; Alcibiades persuaded him that Persia's best policy was to keep the balance between Athens and Sparta, and rivalry with his neighbour Pharnabazus of Hellespontic Phrygia still further lessened his energy.
		When, therefore, in 408 the king decided to support Sparta strenuously, Tissaphernes was removed from the generalship and limited to the satrapy of Caria, whereas Lydia and the conduct of the war were entrusted to Cyrus the Younger.
		On the downfall of Athens, Cyrus and Tissaphernes both claimed jurisdiction over the Ionian cities, most of which acknowledged Cyrus as their ruler; but Tissaphernes took possession of Miletus, where he was attacked by Cyrus, who gathered an army under this pretence with the purpose of using it against his brother Artaxerxes II.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Tissaphernes (297 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 1153 (v. 3)
		Tissaphernes and his colleagues bribed the Greek mercenaries of Pissuthnes to desert his cause, and then entrapped him into a surrender by a promise, which Dareius broke, that his life should be spared.
		For a short period after this we find the satrap helping his allies with apparent cordiality, and co-operating with them in particular against the Athenians at Miletus, while they in their turn assisted him in the reduction of lasus in Caria, and in the capture of Amorges, who was maintaining himself in the place.
		Tissaphernes now sought to connect himself again with the Peloponnesians, and a new treaty between the parties was concluded, which contained a more stringent stipulation on the subject of the pay, while the offensive article as to the king's right over the Asiatic cities was expressed in more vague and ambiguous terms.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/3487.html (726 words)

	Tissaphernes - Encyclopedia.com
		Tissaphernes and Pharnabazus were the chief figures in Artaxerxes' reign.
		After Tissaphernes asserted supremacy over the Ionian cities, he was involved in war with the Spartans, and Agesilaus II defeated him in 395.
		This is the bait Tissaphernes uses to trap the Greek commanders...
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-Tissaphe.html (302 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 1153 (v. 3) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Tissaphernes and his colleagues bribed the Greek mercenaries of Pissuthnes to desert his cause, and then entrapped him into a surrender by a promise, which Dareius broke, that his life should be spared.
		For a short period after this we find the satrap helping his allies with apparent cordiality, and co-operating with them in particular against the Athenians at Miletus, while they in their turn assisted him in the reduction of lasus in Caria, and in the capture of Amorges, who was maintaining himself in the place.
		Tissaphernes now sought to connect himself again with the Peloponnesians, and a new treaty between the parties was concluded, which contained a more stringent stipulation on the subject of the pay, while the offensive article as to the king's right over the Asiatic cities was expressed in more vague and ambiguous terms.
	ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/3487.html (726 words)

	Gutenkarte » The History of the Peloponnesian War » Chapter 25 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		He also pointed out that Tissaphernes was at present carrying on the war at his own charges, and had good cause for economy, but that as soon as he received remittances from the king he would give them their pay in full and do what was reasonable for the cities.
		Tissaphernes, although afraid of the Peloponnesians because they had more ships in Asia than the Athenians, was yet disposed to be persuaded if he could, especially after his quarrel with the Peloponnesians at Cnidus about the treaty of Therimenes.
		Tissaphernes immediately after this, in the same winter, proceeded along shore to Caunus, desiring to bring the Peloponnesian fleet back to Miletus, and to supply them with pay, making a fresh convention upon such terms as he could get, in order not to bring matters to an absolute breach between them.
	www.gutenkarte.org /section/7142/25 (4149 words)

	The battle of Cunaxa 401 B.C.
		Tissaphernes however was given the King's highest honour, he was given the King's daughter as a bride, and was put in charge of the provinces which Cyrus had ruled.
		Tissaphernes, the trusted commander of the King, seems to be have played a large part in the victory.
		Second, Artaxerxes and Tissaphernes were aware of the skill and reputation of the Greek heavy Infantry and they knew that engaging the Greeks would result in high casualities on both sides.
	members.ozemail.com.au /~ancientpersia/cunaxa.html (3226 words)

	ÙIÿRAFARNAH (Elamite Zi﷓ut﷓ra﷓bar﷓na, Assyrian ˆi﷓dir﷓pa﷓ar﷓na/ni, Gk
		Tissaphe‚rne@s, Lycian Kizzaprñna, Zisaprñna), son of Vidrána-, Persian satrap in Sardis under Darius II and Artaxerxes II.
		Tissaphernes' vacillating policy toward the Greeks led to a serious setback in the following years, and the royal court apparently realized the necessity for adopting another; Tissaphernes was replaced by the king's younger son, Cyrus (q.v.), in 407 b.c.e.
		Tissaphernes has been described, on the one hand, as impetuous and forthright, on the other, as a liar and treacherous deceiver (to Xenophon, he seemed “the supreme example of faithlessness and oath-breaking in the Anabasis”; Hirsch, p.
	www.iranica.com /newsite/articles/v5f6/v5f6a023.html (1045 words)

	Xenophon's Anabasis, Retreat of the 10,000 Greeks
		That is Tissaphernes in command, they said, and next to these a body of men bearing wicker-shields, and next again heavy-armed infantry, with long wooden shields reaching to the feet.
		But when the Hellenes learnt that the king and his troops were in the baggage camp; and the king, on his side, was informed by Tissaphernes that the Hellenes were victorious in their quarter of the field, and had gone forward in pursuit, the effect was instantaneous.
		Thus it was that Tissaphernes, having got through haphazard, with rather the worst of it, failed to wheel round and return the way he came, but reaching the camp of the Hellenes, 8 there fell in with the king; and falling into order again, the two divisions advanced side by side.
	www.corvalliscommunitypages.com /Europe/greece/xenophon.htm (17599 words)

	Xenophon : Anabasis : I
		The elder, as it chanced, was already there, but Cyrus he must needs send for from the province over which he had made him satrap, having appointed him general moreover of all the forces that muster in the plain of the Castolus.
		Now when Darius was dead, and Artaxerxes was established in the kingdom, Tissaphernes brought slanderous accusations against Cyrus before his brother, the king, of harbouring designs against him.
		And Artaxerxes, listening to the words of Tissaphernes, laid hands upon Cyrus, desiring to put him to death; but his mother made intercession for him, and sent him back again in safety to his province.
	www.classicreader.com /read.php/sid.8/bookid.1803/sec.1 (715 words)

	TISSAPHERNES (Pers. Ci... - Online Information article about TISSAPHERNES (Pers. Ci...
		king decided to support Sparta strenuously, Tissaphernes was removed from the generalship and limited to the satrapy of Caria, whereas Lydia and the conduct of the See also:
		Miletus, where he was attacked by Cyrus, who gathered an army under this pretence with the purpose of using it against his See also:
		Tissaphernes, who once again had recourseto subtle See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /THE_TOO/TISSAPHERNES_Pers_Cithrafarna_.html (494 words)

	CoinArchives.com Search Results
		Tissaphernes mit Speer in der erhobenen Rechten zu Pferde nach...
		Tissaphernes, 413 - 408, 400 - 395 v.Chr.
		Grüne Patina, sehr schön Tissaphernes spielte eine bedeutende...
	www.coinarchives.com /a/results.php?results=100&search=tissaphernes (1710 words)

	Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian Wars (Hobbes trans.) vol. 2: The Online Library of Liberty
		Now Pharnabazus and Tissaphernes treating apart1, there was great canvassing at Lacedæmon, between the one side that persuaded to send to Ionia and Chios, and the other that would have the army and fleet go first into the Hellespont.
		For Alcibiades being the man that spake for Tissaphernes, though he were also present, made unto them such excessive demands, that though the Athenians should have yielded to the greatest part of them, yet it must have been attributed to them that the treaty went not on2.
		For after that Pisander and his fellow–ambassadors that had been with Tissaphernes, were come to Samos, they both assured their affairs yet better in the army, and also provoked the principal men of the Samians to attempt with them the erecting of the oligarchy; though there were then an insurrection amongst them against the oligarchy.
	oll.libertyfund.org /Texts/Hobbes0123/Works/HTMLs/Vol09/0051_09_Pt04_Book8.html (11237 words)

	Tissaphernes
		Prince Cyrus and Tissaphernes were present when Artaxerxes II Mnemon (404-358) was inaugurated at Pasargadae, the religious capital of the Achaemenid empire.
		Tissaphernes, noting that the army was too large for this purpose, understood the real aim of the expedition and informed king Artaxerxes, who started his own preparations.
		Tissaphernes was one of the most loyal servants of the Persian king, a true nobleman.
	www.livius.org /ti-tn/tissaphernes/tissaphernes.htm (902 words)

	Peloponnesian War - History for Kids!
		In any case, Alcibiades left the Spartans and fled to the protection of a Persian satrap, Tissaphernes, in the old kingdom of Lydia.
		Alcibiades convinced Tissaphernes (tiss-ah-FUR-nees) to give money to the Athenians, if the Athenians would let him be a general again and end the democracy, putting in an oligarchy instead run by the generals.
		The generals did take power, but in the end Tissaphernes didn't give the money he had promised, so Alcibiades didn't get to be a general.
	www.historyforkids.org /learn/greeks/history/peloponnesian2.htm (659 words)

	Pharnabazus (2)
		In this contest, Tissaphernes was victorious: he offered Sparta the support of the Persian-Phoenician navy, after which the Spartans concluded a treaty, and attacked Athens again.
		The new negotiations caused tensions between the two rivals, and king Darius intervened: he sent his son Cyrus, who had to supervise the Persian involvement in the Greek war.
		It is not known why, although it is possible that Tissaphernes was again insincere and wanted to invade the Aegean with this navy.
	www.livius.org /pha-phd/pharnabazus/pharnabazus02.html (1528 words)

	Ancient History Sourcebook: Xenophon: Anabasis, or March Up Country
		That is Tissaphernes in command, they said, and next to these a body of men bearing wicker-shields, and next again heavy-armed infantry, with long wooden shields reaching to the feet.
		But when the Hellenes learnt that the king and his troops were in the baggage camp; and the king, on his side, was informed by Tissaphernes that the Hellenes were victorious in their quarter of the field, and had gone forward in pursuit, the effect was instantaneous.
		Thus it was that Tissaphernes, having got through haphazard, with rather the worst of it, failed to wheel round and return the way he came, but reaching the camp of the Hellenes, 8 there fell in with the king; and falling into order again, the two divisions advanced side by side.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/ancient/xenophon-anabasis.html (17259 words)

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