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	Title IX - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Title IX has recently created controversy, with some groups claiming that it has caused some schools to spend less money on men's sports programs such as wrestling, cross country, swimming, gymnastics, and volleyball.
		In one specific instance, Title IX was instrumental in a court case involving Louisiana State University.
		In an unusual case, Title IX played a key role in a school's decision to upgrade its football program from Division I-AA to Division I-A. The Western Kentucky University Board of Regents approved this move in November 2006, to take effect in 2009.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Title_IX (808 words)

	Title IX (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Title IX prohibits sex discrimination at institutions receiving federal funds and addresses these important areas: access and admission to higher education, career and technical education, education for pregnant and parenting students, equity in math, science and technology education, sexual harassment and athletics.
		Title IX was designed to be a strong and comprehensive measure that would attack all forms of sex discrimination and in doing so, open the doors of educational opportunities formerly closed to women and girls.
		Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, 20 U.S.C, §; 1681-1688 (1972).
	www.aauw.org /issue_advocacy/actionpages/positionpapers/titleix.cfm (806 words)

	NEA: Title IX FAQs -- NEA
		Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 prohibits gender discrimination by schools and others that receive federal education funds.
		Title IX has been used to assure adequate opportunities for female student athletes and to protect students from sexual harassment.
		Title IX does not cover admissions policies in traditionally single-sex public or private colleges and universities or elementary and secondary schools.
	www.nea.org /titlenine/titlenineFAQ.html (346 words)

	ESPN.com: GEN - Title IX turns 30, and the debate goes on
		This violates Title IX's premise that the ratio of female athletes and male athletes should be roughly equivalent to the overall proportion of female and male students.
		When Title IX of the Education Amendments, sponsored by U.S. Senator Birch Bayh and U.S. Representative Edith Green and signed by President Richard Nixon, became law the implications for athletics were not immediately obvious.
		It was 1974, two years after Title IX became law, and the atmosphere in the federal offices of Health, Education and Welfare was charged, to say the least.
	espn.go.com /gen/womenandsports/020619title9.html (2780 words)

	Title IX by Marcus Epstein
		Title IX was passed in 1972 and was modeled after Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act.
		Following the Cohen vs. Brown decision in 1995, Title IX has been interpreted to guarantee that schools have the same proportion of male athletes to female athletes as there is in the rest of the student body.
		Title IX’s wrath is not confined to athletics.
	www.lewrockwell.com /epstein/epstein12.html (1242 words)

	Opinion: Title IX's winners
		By most measures, Title IX, which was an amendment to the Education Act that banned discrimination on the basis of sex, has been an inspiring success.
		In other words, Title IX is not simply a quota, and a recent U.S. General Accounting Office study confirmed as much by reporting that, of 74 universities that were deemed in compliance from 1994 to 1998, only 21 used the percentage standard as evidence.
		Title IX says only that the boys must share, not surrender, their field.
	www.sptimes.com /2002/07/08/Opinion/Title_IX_s_winners.shtml (589 words)

	what is title ix
		Title IX also forbids discrimination because of sex in employment and recruitment consideration or selection, whether full time or part time, under any education program or activity operated by an institution receiving or benefiting from federal financial assistance ("recipient").
		Title IX also protects people from discrimination on the basis of sex in employment and employment practices in educational programs or activities receiving federal financial assistance.
		Following its passage, Title IX has been interpreted by the federal government to cover all activities and programs of educational institutions receiving federal funds and all education programs of institutions whose primary mission is not education.
	www2.ucsc.edu /title9-sh/titleix.htm (1122 words)

	Archived: Archived: Title IX: A Sea Change in Gender Equity in Education
		Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 bolsters this national agenda and prohibits sex discrimination in federally assisted education programs.
		Title IX was adopted by the Conference Committee and sent to the full Senate, which approved it on May 22, 1972.
		Title IX prohibits institutions that receive federal funding from practicing gender discrimination in educational programs or activities.
	www.ed.gov /pubs/TitleIX/part3.html (894 words)

	USA PATRIOT Act, Title IX - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Title IX: Improved Intelligence is the ninth of ten titles which comprise the USA PATRIOT Act, an anti-terrorism bill passed in the United States after the September 11, 2001 attacks.
		A number aspects of the Directorship of U.S. Central Intelligence were addressed in Title IX of the Patriot Act.
		Section 906 ordered a report be written into the best way of setting up the National Virtual Translation Center, with the goal of developing automated translation facilities to assist with the timely and accurate translation of foreign intelligence information for elements of the U.S. intelligence community.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/USA_PATRIOT_Act,_Title_IX (770 words)

	Title IX Legal Manual
		Title IX is a comprehensive federal law that has removed many barriers that once prevented people, on the basis of sex, from participating in educational opportunities and careers of their choice.
		Title IX was meant to cover only those situations where federal funding is given to a non-federal entity which, in turn, provides financial assistance to the ultimate beneficiary, or disburses federal assistance to another recipient for ultimate distribution to a beneficiary.
		Title IX was modeled after Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and they both share a common purpose: to ensure that public funds derived from all the people are not utilized in ways that encourage, subsidize, permit, or result in prohibited discrimination against some of the people.
	www.usdoj.gov /crt/cor/coord/ixlegal.htm (14097 words)

	Boundless: The Myth of Title IX
		One thing about Title IX was certain, however: Compliance with its maddeningly vague terms would not be commanded until the end of a three-year grace period, in 1975.
		Title IX could not possibly have had anything to do with the team’s success, and no one literally no one claimed otherwise.
		At the end of the 1998-99 academic year, six years after the rigid Title IX numbers test was established by the courts, only ten of the nation’s more than 300 NCAA Division I colleges and universities have managed to get their statistics in balance.
	www.boundless.org /2000/departments/campus_culture/a0000169.html (1523 words)

	What Is Title IX
		However, Title IX is violated if a community builds a state-of-the-art field and locker facilities for males, but requires female athletes to share a field owned by a local community center.
		Title IX does, however, suggest that institutions monitor content to ensure that the curriculum promotes understanding of the perspectives of both sexes and their roles in history.
		Title IX prohibits sexual harassment in all school programs and activities in school facilities or in other locations when the school is the sponsor of the activity.
	www.american.edu /sadker/titleix.htm (1137 words)

	Title IX
		Title IX Sex: That one little word in a law passed by Congress in 1972 has led to a mini-revolution in all aspects of a girl's education, from kindergarten through graduate school.
		Title IX simply states: "No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, or denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any educational program or activity receiving federal financial assistance."
		Title IX is a federal law that prohibits sex discrimination in any educational program or activity that receives federal funds — from medical schools to junior high schools to math and science classes.
	www.menstuff.org /issues/byissue/titleix.html (4851 words)

	Title IX at 30
		Title IX has turned a reviled, celebrated, torn and tattered 30 this year.
		The woman who filed the class-action complaint against universities that set the stage for Title IX thought it would take two years for the discrimination in academia to be eliminated.
		In the early years of Title IX, one of 13 amendments to the Civil Rights Act of 1964, there were questions about what the law required of college athletic departments and legal challenges that left many issues in limbo.
	www.post-gazette.com /lifestyle/20021006titleix1006fnp2.asp (2419 words)

	Supreme Court Wrestles With Title IX -- Phyllis Schlafly December 8, 2004 column.
		Title IX, the federal law that prohibits sex discrimination in educational institutions and sets forth the remedy for violations, does not expressly authorize individuals to bring lawsuits, and the Court made clear in a 2001 case that private causes of action can only be created by Congress, not by bureaucrats or judges.
		The male plaintiff in this Title IX case heard by the Supreme Court on November 30, Roderick Jackson, was never "subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity" on the basis of his sex.
		The abolition of wrestling teams proves that Title IX enforcement has nothing to do with equalizing funding or scholarships, since wrestling is one of the cheapest of all competitive sports.
	www.eagleforum.org /column/2004/dec04/04-12-08.html (861 words)

	WNBA.com: Stand Up for Title IX - Finals
		Title IX is a fair and flexible law.
		Men’s sports opportunities have not suffered as a result of Title IX; in fact, nationwide, men’s participatory opportunities, numbers of teams and sports budgets have all grown since Title IX was enacted.
		We, the undersigned, urge you to preserve Title IX’s mandate of equal opportunity for all by adopting the minority report and by pushing for greater enforcement of current Title IX policies.
	www.nba.com /wnba/title_IX_petition.jsp (691 words)

	Second String: Gender inequality in high school sports - PittsburghLIVE.com
		Title IX critics accuse the U.S. Office for Civil Rights of building a law of numbers.
		They say one of the indicators of Title IX equality - the ratio of female athletes to female students - is a disguised quota system, ignoring the fact that some districts have a lot of girls who just don't like sports.
		When Title IX became law three decades ago, only one out of every 100 high school athletes was a girl.
	pittsburghlive.com /x/tribune-review/specialreports/titleix/index.html (936 words)

	[No title]
		As a review, the Title IX proportionality provision of the three-part athletics opportunities test was contested by the National Wrestling Coaches Association, since some colleges are choosing to drop men's teams as a way of complying with Title IX, instead of adding women's teams.
		According to the National Women's Law Center, the absence of any support for the long-standing Title IX policies in the motion to dismiss the case adds to the concern that the Bush Administration is poised to weaken the policies, which have greatly expanded opportunities for student female athletes.
		More specifically it appears there may be an attack on the Title IX proportionality provision of the three-part athletics opportunities test, since some colleges are choosing to drop men's teams as a way of complying with Title IX, instead of adding women's teams.
	www.aahperd.org /nagws/title9.html (937 words)

	Social Security Act, Title 9
		Title IX of the Social Security Act is administered by the Department of Labor.
		Title IX appears in the United States Code as §§1101-1110, subchapter IX, chapter 7, Title 42.
		Regulations of the Secretary of Labor relating to Title IX are contained in chapter V, Title 20, Code of Federal Regulations.
	www.ssa.gov /OP_Home/ssact/title09/0900.htm (181 words)

	Title IX and Sexual Harassment
		Title IX requires all institutions to implement prompt and equitable procedures to address sex discrimination, and public institutions must also comply with the due process clause of the U.S. Constitution in disciplining students and teachers.
		Although Title IX does not require institutions to adopt policies specifically prohibiting sexual harassment or to set up grievance procedures for handling complaints of sexual harassment, the guidance makes clear that doing so will help institutions convey to both employees and students what conduct is prohibited and how violations will be addressed.
		To be extremely cautious, however, parents, students, and advocates may wish to notify the Title IX coordinator, the principal, school board members, or the superintendent in all sexual harassment cases.
	www2.edc.org /womensequity/pubs/digests/digest-title9-harass.html (6116 words)

	Women's Enews: Title IX Advocates Will Now Focus on Enforcement (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Supporters of women's sports equity are using the boost from the recent federal announcement leaving Title IX intact to push for tougher enforcement of the landmark law.
		In what some feared was an attack on Title IX began last year, apparently in response to the cutting of some men's athletic programs such as wrestling and swimming.
		Title IX has helped increase women's participation in sports by more than 400 in colleges and 800 percent in high schools, according to the Women's Sports Foundation.
	www.now.org /eNews/aug2003/080603titleix.html (1299 words)

	Title IX, Education Amendments of 1972
		(A) of a social fraternity or social sorority which is exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of Title 26, the active membership of which consists primarily of students in attendance at an institution of higher education, or
		Any department or agency action taken pursuant to section 1682 of this title shall be subject to such judicial review as may otherwise be provided by law for similar action taken by such department or agency on other grounds.
		Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to require or prohibit any person, or public or private entity, to provide or pay for any benefit or service, including the use of facilities, related to an abortion.
	www.dol.gov /oasam/regs/statutes/titleix.htm (977 words)

	Title IX proportionality, & wrestling (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Title IX is a highly worthwhile law, but interpretations of it during the 1990's were never intended by Congress, and likely don't make anyone happy as far as humanity's oldest sport is concerned.
		Moving along, the disproportionate damage that Title IX has caused to men's athletics is remarkable, as the July 30th, 1997 report issued by the Joint Task Force to Protect Wrestling demonstrates.
		It is unlike the former interpretation of Title IX that the pre-Clinton Department of Education applied.
	www.spaceprojects.com /TitleIX (3488 words)

	ODEO - Title VI/Title IX Program
		Equal Opportunity in federally assisted and conducted programs is protected under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 and related laws and authorities.
		Title VI of the Act prohibited discrimination on the basis of race, color, and national origin.
		These laws, modeled on Title VI, prohibited discrimination on the basis of sex in Federally assisted education programs (Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972), disability in Federally assisted and conducted programs (Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973), and age in Federally assisted programs (the Age Discrimination Act of 1975).
	www.hq.nasa.gov /office/codee/title_VI-title_IX.html (870 words)

	deseretnews.com \| Title IX opened the doors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It was just one section of a huge education package referred to as Title lX, and 30 years later it is credited by supporters as well as critics with bringing gender equity to athletics.
		Carr and others like her believe that, without Title IX, women would still be trying to convince the sports establishments, dominated by men, that they can and want to play sports.
		"Title lX was big and we knew it," she said of the first scholarship athletes.
	deseretnews.com /dn/view/0,1249,405015018,00.html (1145 words)

	Title IX Statute
		This chapter is referred to in sections 1132f-1, 1232, 3041, 3042 of this title; title 29 sections 206, 1577; title 42 sections 290cc-34, 300w-7, 300x-7, 708, 1988, 2000d-7, 10406.
		This section is referred to in section 1683 of this title.
		This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this title", meaning title IX of Pub.
	www.usdoj.gov /crt/cor/coord/titleixstat.htm (1897 words)

	Amazon.com: Title IX: Books: Linda Jean Carpenter,R. Vivian Acosta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Knowledgeable in the legal issues of sport and experienced in the administration of sport and physical education programs, the authors of Title IX offer a balanced, comprehensive view of this issue, lending important insights into Title IX’s requirements and application both now and when it was enacted.
		Title IX, the law, prohibits any education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance from discriminating on the basis of sex.
		Title IX, the text, helps to clarify the law in a three-part progression that is accurate and accessible.
	www.amazon.com /Title-IX-Linda-Jean-Carpenter/dp/0736042393 (1303 words)

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