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Topic: Tituba

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Salem witch trials

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Salem witch trials

	THE SALEM WITCHCRAFT TRIALS: A biographical sketch of Tituba.
		Tituba was an Indian woman, not (as commonly believed) a Negro slave.
		Tituba and John were married in 1689 about the time the Parris family moved to Salem.
		Tituba was the first witch to confess in Salem, and she likely did it to avoid further punishment.
	www.law.umkc.edu /faculty/projects/ftrials/salem/ASA_TIT.HTM (399 words)

	Salem Witch Trials - The People - Tituba - DiscoverySchool.com
		Tituba was born in a small village in South America, but as a child she was captured and taken to the Caribbean island of Barbados.
		Tituba and John baked a “witch cake” with rye and Betty’s urine and fed it to the dog.
		Tituba was put in prison, but because she had confessed, she did not stand trial.
	school.discovery.com /schooladventures/salemwitchtrials/people/tituba.html (456 words)

	Salem Witch Trials: Tituba
		Admittedly, the legend of Tituba as the "Black Witch of Salem" (a posthumous appellation which immediately suggests interesting racial and class connotations) may be more mysterious and entertaining than the accurate historical extent of her influence on the Salem trials; nevertheless, the ways in which this myth has been constructed are fascinating as well.
		Tituba and John Indian did reside with the Parrises; Samuel Parris had a plantation in Barbados, and he owned two slaves after he returned to Boston, and she could have come from Barbados.
		Tituba did not confess to the teaching of fortune telling; she confessed to signing the Devil's book, flying in the air upon a pole, seeing a cats wolves, birds, and dogs, and pinching or choking some of the "afflicted" girls.
	jefferson.village.virginia.edu /salem/people/tituba.html (943 words)

	Tituba \| Witchcraft in America
		Tituba was jailed as a suspected witch, but she was not executed, although twenty other accused witches were.
		Tituba and John Indian moved to Salem with Parris in 1688 and were immediately considered outsiders in this small, isolated town where owning a slave, particularly a Carib rather than an African, was uncommon.
		Tituba and John Indian were given the majority of the indoor and outdoor chores of the household.
	www.bookrags.com /research/tituba-wia-01 (468 words)

	All about the Salem Witch Trials, by Mark Gribben
		She was born and raised in Barbados where it was so hot that even the plantation slaves were expected to rest much of the day so as not to exhaust themselves in the heat.
		Tituba was the one who spun the yarns about voodoo and the spirits who inhabited the trees and rivers.
		She fed the cake to a dog in hopes the cur would lead her to the person who was bewitching the girls, but the dog just wandered around aimlessly, then took off into the woods after a rabbit.
	www.crimelibrary.com /notorious_murders/not_guilty/salem_witches/2.html (1149 words)

	H-Net Review: Jennifer Putzi on Tituba, Reluctant Witch of Salem: Devilish Indians and Puritan ...
		Although Tituba did indeed come to Massachusetts with Samuel Parris from Barbados, she was an Arawak Indian, kidnapped from the northeast coast of South America and brought to Barbados as a young girl.
		Tituba's testimony, which was adapted by both the accused and the accusers later in the trials, is shown to be at least partially influenced by her Creole worlds in Barbados, although Breslaw denies that Tituba had more than a cursory knowledge of witchcraft either in Barbados or the colonies.
		Tituba's confession reveals an intimate knowledge of Puritan society and religion, an awareness of print culture, and a facility with the English language, all of which allowed her to construct a believable narrative that would change the shape of the Salem trials.
	www.h-net.msu.edu /reviews/showrev.cgi?path=1631846635341 (626 words)

	PlanetPapers - Witchcraft - I Tituba, Black Witch of Salem
		If they are so overwhelmed with the terror of Evil, then what would their response be if they discovered his assistants; the "witches" who signed a pact with the devil to help him bring hellish deeds among the people in return for promised benefits.
		Tituba, the main character, was identified and accused of being a witch.
		Tituba's power was beyond the limit of just dealing with herbs and summoning the spirits of the invisible world.
	www.planetpapers.com /Assets/1561.php (790 words)

	Salem Witch Trials: Tituba Images
		When she does she sees Tituba's father, said to be an "Obi man" in San Salvador, who practices harmful witchcraft upon people by melting a wax figure representing the person.
		Tituba is shown holding a wax doll, or "poppet," that Puritans believed was used to cause harm to the person represented by the image.
		Tituba is shown with her husband, John Indian, Betty Parris, and Abigail Williams in the kitchen of the Rev. Samuel Parris household.
	www.iath.virginia.edu /salem/people/titubapics.html (355 words)

	Salem Witchcraft History
		She told Tituba to bake a rye cake with the urine of the afflicted victim and feed the cake to a dog.
		Tituba was an obvious choice, because of both the color of her skin and her experience in voodoo.
		Tituba's confession succeeded in transforming her from a possible scapegoat to a central figure in the expanding prosecutions.
	home.texoma.net /~adwignall (2624 words)

	Free Essay Tituba's Ordeal from the Salem Witch Trials (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Tituba, the only fl woman to be accused of witchery, had many conflicting issues in her life, not the least of which were trying to...
		Tituba’s confession of guilt in Act I highlights the insecurities of the Puritan religion.
		Tituba knew this and was quick to admit her guilt.
	mail.echeat.com /essay.php?t=30832 (576 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		She was born in an Arawak village in South America, where she captured and taken to Barbabos as a captive as a child and sold into slavery.
		During the winter of 1691-92, Tituba began to tell the minister's nine-year-old daughter, Betty and eleven-year-old niece Abigail Williams strange and forbidden tales.
		Tituba confessed and was whipped and then spent thirteen years in jail until an unknown person paid the seven pounds for her release and bought her.
	pblmm.k12.ca.us /projects/discrimination/Women/special/tituba.html (365 words)

	Bowditch Team
		Tituba made herself a likely target for witchcraft accusations when shortly after Parris's daughter, Betty, began having strange fits and symptoms, she participated in the preparation of a "witchcake," cooked and fed to a dog, in the belief that the dog would then reveal the identity of Betty's afflictor.
		Tituba and John baked a “witch cake” and fed it to the dog.
		Tituba was put in prison, but because she had confessed, she did not stand trial.
	www.myschoolonline.com /page/0,1871,2239-181251-2-44197,00.html (881 words)

	Digital History
		Tituba's confession ignited a witchcraft scare which left 19 men and women hanged, one man pressed to death, and over 150 more people in prison awaiting trial.
		Tituba was one of the growing number of slaves imported from the West Indies.
		Tituba later recanted her confession, saying that she had given false testimony in order to save her life.
	www.digitalhistory.uh.edu /database/article_display.cfm?HHID=678 (500 words)

	Métissage as an Oppositional Practice
		Tituba's origin is closely connected to the history of her land.
		Tituba is a hybrid because her identity has to be constructed.
		Tituba's skin color serves as a proof of her (supposed) connection with evil forces.
	www.msu.edu /~atlantik./spring06/metissage.html (5818 words)

	“Recibir con ambas mejillas”
		At her mother’s death, Tituba must leave the plantation and is taken in by Mama Yaya, a spiritual healer and medicine woman both feared and admired for her mystical abilities.
		Tituba suffers the most in America because she is far from her home in Barbados and therefore unable to communicate with her dead loved ones.
		To further emphasize the cultural and historical specificity of Tituba’s journey, I focus on her quest in terms of marronnage: the marrons or maroons were rebel slaves who escaped to freedom in the mornes or hills.
	alpha1.fmarion.edu /~scmlr/anderson.htm (3853 words)

	Ann Petry, Tituba of Salem Village (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Natives of Barbados, Tituba and her husband, John, are portrayed as intelligent slaves--- brighter than most of the slave owners.
		Tituba is a perfect example of high interest/low skill literature, and I recommend it as both an ESL and developmental read.
		The downside of Tituba is that it quickly sends the protagonist from the kangaroo court in Salem to a cold cell in Boston.
	www.neiu.edu /~gspackar/borders/petry.htm (287 words)

	Metanexus Institute
		Today I'd like to recall the sad story of Tituba (born: 16 February 1675) somewhere in South America, but whom the chaos of historical accidents brought all the way to Massachusetts, there to create a stir and to secure a place for herself in America's history.
		She was bought and brought to Boston by a certain Reverend Samuel Parris in whose household she served as a slave.
		Tituba's own tradition had taught her ways to get the evil spirit out of the system.
	www.metanexus.net /metanexus_online/show_article2.asp?id=5584 (1340 words)

	Salem Witch Trials of 1692 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Finally, the girls named Tituba, Sarah Good and Sarah Osborne as the perpetrators of their "bewitchment" and on February 29, 1692, arrest warrants were issued for Tituba, Sarah Good and Sarah Osborne for the bewitchment of Elizabeth Parris and Abigail Williams.
		Tituba's first of many examinations began on March 1, 1692 which were held under the authority of John Hawthorne and Jonathon Corwin.
		Tituba was placed in jail where she would remain until her jail bill was paid.
	www.witchway.net /times/warrant.html (286 words)

	Babelguides: I, Tituba, Black Witch of Salem
		Tituba is her masterpiece where the strength of the narrative and the ingenuity of the basic idea overcome a tendency towards the programmatic and preachy.
		Tituba is the daughter of a Barbadian slave woman who ends up in Massachusetts in the village of Salem of witch-trial fame, a story more famously told in a play by Arthur Miller.
		Tituba tells her side of the story, the story of a life that begins and ends in Barbados.
	www.babelguides.com /view/work/49005 (425 words)

	Darkness Overwhelms
		Tituba, however, confessed to seeing the Devil in the shape of a hog or a large dog.
		Tituba further testified that she saw Sarah Good with a yellow bird as a familiar.
		Tituba was the most vulnerable because being a slave and of a different race she had no rights whatsoever.
	www.angelfire.com /darkside/depth/fullsalem.html (2050 words)

	ttk-history
		Tituba confessed that she was in league with the devil, but Sarah Good and Sarah Osborne refused to confess.
		In Tituba’s testimony, she confirmed the village’s fears that the devil was among them.
		Tituba played a major role in the witch trials, but because of her ethnic background, she attracted little serious attention from historians.
	www.lehigh.edu /~ineng/ttk/ttk-history.htm (3135 words)

	NovelGuide: The Crucible: Novel Summary: Act 1
		He compels his wife to confess to Parris that she sent their daughter, Ruth, to Tituba to conjure up the spirits of her seven dead children so as to find out who was to blame for their deaths.
		Tituba is called for and is shocked when Abigail accuses her.
		Tituba caves in at this point and tells the people that she is an unwilling servant to the Devil.
	www.novelguide.com /thecrucible/novelsummary.html (889 words)

	Tituba, Reluctant Witch of Salem:0814712274:Breslaw, Elaine G.:eCampus.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Reconstructing the life of the slave woman at the center of the notorious Salem witch trials, the book traces Tituba from her likely origins in South America to Barbados, forcefully dispelling the commonly held belief that Tituba was African.
		By dividing her biography into two parts, one focusing on Tituba's roots in Barbados, the other on her life in Massachusetts, Breslaw emphasizes the inextricably linked worlds of the Caribbean and the North American colonies, illustrating how the Puritan worldview was influenced by its perception of possessed Indians.
		Tituba's confession, Breslaw argues, clearly reveals Tituba's savvy and determined efforts to protect herself by actively manipulating Puritan fears.
	www.ecampus.com /bk_detail.asp?isbn=0814712274 (231 words)

	Maryse Condé was born in Pointe-à-Pitre in 1937
		Tituba is a character that gives every indication of being inherently good.
		Tituba is a "bad woman" only because she is an outsider to society.
		Ann Scarboro describes I, Tituba, Black Witch of Salem, "a striking example of recent fiction from the Carribean (Scarboro)." Although I, Tituba is fiction, it is also a biography of sorts about Tituba.
	www.unc.edu /~ptracy/MaryseCondePage.htm (709 words)

	Tituba, the Salem Slave: Telling Fortunes and Baking a Witch Cake
		Tituba: Indian slave of Samuel Parris in Salem Village tells fortunes and bakes a witch cake.
		Tituba was a Caribbean Indian slave owned by Samuel Parris, the pastor for Salem Village.
		Tituba, whose background involved heathen voodoo, had been converted to Christianity and regularly attended church.
	americanhistory.suite101.com /article.cfm/tituba__the_salem_slave (779 words)

	Tituba
		Tituba was a Carib Indian who was the slave of Reverend Parris, the Reverend of Salem.
		Tituba also told stories, stories that amazed some of the girls of Salem.
		During these “fits” the girls would stare into space, choke, cough, claim that they were being tortured by people wearing red and flying on brooms, or get down on their knees and act like wild animals.
	library.thinkquest.org /J002395/tituba.htm (242 words)

	NYU Press (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Reconstructing the life of the slave woman at the center of the notorious Salem witch trials, the book follows Tituba from her likely origins in South America to Barbados, forcefully dispelling the commonly-held belief that Tituba was African.
		The first focuses on Tituba's roots in Barbados, the second on her life in the New World.
		Breslaw argues that Tituba's confession to practicing witchcraft clearly reveals her savvy and determined efforts to protect herself by actively manipulating Puritan fears.
	www.nyupress.org /product_info.php?products_id=1100 (310 words)

	Amazon.com: I, Tituba, Black Witch of Salem: Books: Maryse Conde (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		We see Tituba's origin in the brutal rape of her mother, Abena, by a Englishman while she is on her way to Barbados enslaved, and Abena's hanging for rebelling against another sexual assault.
		I would say that this has to be one of the most fascinating studies of Tituba's life; it certainly has helped me to understand this powerful woman and what her involvement had been in the Salem incident.
		After all, everyone associates slaves in America with Africa; Tituba is also described as 'fl.' However, 'fl' in the lexicon of the Puritans meant 'Indian.' Rev. Samuel Parris, who owned Tituba and hence was in a position to know, refers to her in legal documents as an Indian.
	www.amazon.com /I-Tituba-Black-Witch-Salem/dp/0345384202 (2160 words)

	SparkNotes: The Crucible: Act I: The entrance of Reverend Hale to the closing scene
		Tituba insists that someone else is bewitching the children because the devil has many witches in his service.
		Tituba’s reaction to being accused follows Abigail’s lead: she admits her guilt in a public setting and receives absolution and then completes her self-cleansing by passing her guilt on to others.
		Tituba is normally a powerless figure; in the context of the witch trials, however, she gains a power and authority previously unknown to her.
	www.sparknotes.com /lit/crucible/section3.rhtml (1302 words)

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