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	What is Token Ring? - a definition from Whatis.com - see also: 802.5
		- A Token Ring network is a local area network (LAN) in which all computers are connected in a ring or star topology and a bit- or token-passing scheme is used in order to prevent the collision of data between two computers that want to send messages at the same time.
		The Token Ring protocol is the second most widely-used protocol on local area networks after Ethernet.
		When a computer has a message to send, it inserts a token in an empty frame (this may consist of simply changing a 0 to a 1 in the token bit part of the frame) and inserts a message and a destination identifier in the frame.
	searchnetworking.techtarget.com /sDefinition/0,,sid7_gci213154,00.html (532 words)

	Token ring -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Token ring (A local computer network for communication between computers; especially a network connecting computers and word processors and other electronic office equipment to create a communication system between offices) LAN speeds of 4 Mbit/s, 16 Mbit/s, 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s have been standardized by the IEEE 802.5 working group.
		Token ring networks had significantly superior performance and reliability compared to early shared-media implementations of (A type of networking technology for local area networks; coaxial cable carries radio frequency signals between computers at a rate of 10 megabits per second) Ethernet (IEEE 802.3), and were widely adopted as a higher-performance alternative to shared-media Ethernet.
		A data token ring frame is an expanded version of the token frame that is used by stations to transmit (additional info and facts about medium access control) medium access control (MAC) management frames or data frames from upper layer protocols and applications.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/t/to/token_ring.htm (1253 words)

	Token Ring/FDDI LANs: Network For Dummies
		A token passing ring LAN is a group of computers connected in a loop.
		In order to seize a token a station must have priority which equals or is higher than the priority field of the token.
		As shown a token is passed simultaneously on the network's inner and outer rings which backup each other.
	www2.rad.com /networks/1997/nettut/token_ring.html (612 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Token Passing
		Token Passing, in computer science, a method of controlling access on local area networks through the use of a special signal, called a token, that...
		Token Ring Network, in computer science, a local area network formed in a ring (closed loop) topology that uses token passing as a means of...
		Token Ring Network (IBM), in computer science, a token-passing, ring-shaped local area network developed by IBM that operates at 4 megabits (4...
	encarta.msn.com /Token_Passing.html (117 words)

	Token Ring/IEEE 802.5
		If a station possessing the token does have information to transmit, it seizes the token, alters 1 bit of the token (which turns the token into a start-of-frame sequence), appends the information that it wants to transmit, and sends this information to the next station on the ring.
		After the token is seized and changed to an information frame, only stations with a priority value higher than that of the transmitting station can reserve the token for the next pass around the network.
		Tokens are 3 bytes in length and consist of a start delimiter, an access control byte, and an end delimiter.
	www.cisco.com /univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/ito_doc/tokenrng.htm (1624 words)

	Troubleshooting Token Ring
		IBM's Token Ring network specifies a star, with all end stations attached to a device called a multistation access unit (MAU), whereas IEEE 802.5 does not specify a topology (although virtually all IEEE 802.5 implementations also are based on a star).
		Once the token is seized and changed to an information frame, only stations with a priority value higher than that of the transmitting station can reserve the token for the next pass around the network.
		The access control byte contains the priority and reservation fields, as well as a token bit (used to differentiate a token from a data/command frame) and a monitor bit (used by the active monitor to determine whether a frame is circling the ring endlessly).
	www.cisco.com /univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/itg_v1/tr1906.htm (3086 words)

	Network system using token-passing bus with multiple priority levels - Patent 4930121
		That is, upon reception of a token, a node sets a token hold time, defined by the token-passing bus, as a timer initialized value, in a token hold timer, and the transmits data with access level 6.
		With a data transmission using the token passing system, a node executes data exchange with another node by transmitting command data to a node that is destined for the data exchange and then by receiving response data from the destination node.
		With the use of a typical MAP using a token passing bus access method, it is possible to link machines having various intelligent functions for each factory floor to ensure economical and consistent communication.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4930121.html (7710 words)

	1.6 Continuous Speech Recognition
		The point of using the Token Passing Model is that it extends very simply to the continuous speech case.
		When the best token reaches the end of the speech, the route it took through the network must be known in order to recover the recognised sequence of models.
		When a token is propagated from the exit state of a word (indicated by passing through a word-end node ) to the entry state of another, that transition represents a potential word boundary.
	labrosa.ee.columbia.edu /doc/HTKBook21/node9.html (1216 words)

	How Token Ring Works
		It also uses a token passing protocol which means that a machine can only use the network when it has control of the Token, this ensures that there are no collisions because only one machine can use the network at any given time.
		At the start, a free Token is circulating on the ring, this is a data frame which to all intents and purposes is an empty vessel for transporting data.
		The Token still circulates around the network and is still controlled in the same manner, however, using a hub or a switch greatly improves reliability because the hub can automatically bypass any ports that are disconnected or have a cabling fault.
	www.datacottage.com /nch/troperation.htm (942 words)

	Token Passing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		A single “token” is passed among the nodes
		The node possessing the token is permitted to transmit data on the LAN
		Token passing can be used with any type of topology
	hyperserver.engrg.uwo.ca /es250b/Lectures/lect7/sld013.htm (44 words)

	ITNW 2313 - Exploring Token Ring Specifications
		Token Ring uses a non-contention token-passing architecture that adheres to the IEEE 802.5 standard.
		The topology is physically a star, but logically uses a ring to pass the token from station to station.
		Token Ring adapter cables have an IBM Type-1 unisex data connector at one end and a nine-pin connector at the other.
	www.delmar.edu /Courses/ITNW2313/tokenrng.htm (1803 words)

	Token-Passing Synchronization \| Parallel Fractal Image Generation
		Then, it passes the token on to the next node, which has the next line of the image, and so on.
		If that is the case, it outputs the line, passes the token on, gets ready for the reception of the next token, and then continues to compute the next line.
		For example, token 205 is sent by PE2 after outputting the fifth line in its share of lines (since PE's are numbered starting with 0, token 1 is sent by PE0 after outputting its first line).
	www.matthiasbook.de /papers/parallelfractals/tokenpassing.html (1026 words)

	Token and Token-Passing Access Methods (Linktionary term)
		A token is a special control frame on token ring, token bus, and FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface) networks that determines which stations can transmit data on a shared network.
		In token ring networks, a station takes possession of a token and changes one bit, converting the token to a SFS (start-of-frame sequence).
		A field exists in the token in which workstations can indicate the type of priority required for the transmission.
	www.linktionary.com /t/token_access.html (291 words)

	Token-Passing Access Method (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		In the token passing access method, a single token is passed from station to station.
		From the perspective of any given station, the token is received from the nearest active upstream neighbor (NAUN) and passed to the nearest active downstream neighbor (NADN).
		Since the token is passed from one station to another, a break in the cable or a loss of a host can interrupt the flow of the token.
	csc.colstate.edu /summers/NOTES/cs458/chap05/sld065.htm (100 words)

	Token Passing
		In this example, the token visits real-time nodes in the first 18 msec of the 33-msec token cycle, and then visits non-real-time nodes in the rest of the cycle in a round robin fashion.
		Note that the token continues the visiting schedule for non-real-time nodes in the next cycle (Node 6) from where it left off in the previous cycle (Node 5).
		When the token visits a node, if it does not have data to send, it merely hands the token to its successor after subtracting the time to process the token.
	www.usenix.org /publications/library/proceedings/es99/full_papers/chiueh/chiueh_html/node5.html (325 words)

	Token Ring: IEEE 802.5 LAN Protocol
		Token Ring is a LAN protocol defined in the IEEE 802.5 where all stations are connected in a ring and each station can directly hear transmissions only from its immediate neighbor.
		Token Ring as defined in IEEE 802.5 is originated from the IBM Token Ring LAN technologies.
		If a node receiving the token has no information to send, it seizes the token, alters 1 bit of the token (which turns the token into a start-of-frame sequence), appends the information that it wants to transmit, and sends this information to the next station on the ring.
	www.javvin.com /protocolToken.html (445 words)

	P-NET: Virtual Token Passing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Master 1 does not need bus use either (it may not even be present), so the virtual token is passed to master 2, when the idle bus bit period counter reaches 60.
		Since masters 2 and 3 do not require access, the token is eventually passed on to master 4, when the idle bus bit period counter is equal to 80.
		The passing of the virtual token takes place within only 130 ìS or 10 bit periods, and no data is actually sent over the bus.
	www.infoside.de /infida/pnet/p-nete13.htm (331 words)

	Token Passing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Token passing is a system that virtually prevents collisions.
		When it is finished transmitting it passes the token on to the next computer in line for it.
		FDDI is a 100 Mbps fiber-optic network standard that uses token passing and rings in much the same way as 802.5 Token Ring.
	campus.champlain.edu /faculty/rogate/osi/datalink/token.htm (142 words)

	What is token? - A Word Definition From the Webopedia Computer Dictionary
		For example, a token could be a keyword, an operator, or a punctuation mark.
		As the token circulates, computers attached to the network can capture it.
		There is only one token for each network, so there is no possibility that two computers will attempt to transmit messages at the same time.
	webopedia.internet.com /TERM/t/token.html (609 words)

	Token-Passing LANs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		In order for a node to transmit in a token-passing network, it must seize the token, alter one bit to mark it as "busy," insert the information it wants to transmit, and send it to the next node on the ring.
		Generally, a node obtains a token from an upstream node and passes it to a downstream node.
		In this case, the transmitting node releases an empty token to the ring as soon as the packet is sent rather than waiting for the token to return.
	edtech.utb.edu /6325/lessons/lesson5/7.htm (271 words)

	Token Ring: IEEE 802.5 LAN Protocol
		Token Ring is a LAN protocol defined in the IEEE 802.5 where all stations are connected in a ring and each station can directly hear transmissions only from its immediate neighbor.
		Token Ring as defined in IEEE 802.5 is originated from the IBM Token Ring LAN technologies.
		If a node receiving the token has no information to send, it seizes the token, alters 1 bit of the token (which turns the token into a start-of-frame sequence), appends the information that it wants to transmit, and sends this information to the next station on the ring.
	www.networkdictionary.com /protocols/token.php (528 words)

	Scheduling transmission multimedia information in broadband networks using a token passing scheme - US Patent 5555378 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Once the token offered by an IWH has been accepted and transmission of the requested information has been scheduled or once the offered token is returned to an IWH, the IWH is free to issue another token based on its selection of another request to be serviced.
		These tokens are received at the CC request processor 462 and passed to the token processor 466 of the CO cluster 41-1 (See FIG.
		On selecting a request, the token generation processor 448 issues a token to be sent to the node of the first set of adjoining nodes sending the selected request.
	www.patentstorm.us /patents/5555378.html (7659 words)

	Glossary - Token Passing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		The token is a special packet that is circulated between the various devices attached to the network.
		When a device receives a token, the device is able to transmit onto the network.
		The token passing access method insures each device has an opportunity to transmit onto the network without the concern that another device is transmitting on the same network segment at the same time.
	www.bitwisertraining.com /Glossary/TokenPass.htm (74 words)

	[No title]
		Q-store - Token Ring Technology - *Token Ring is a "token-passing" technology and an alternative toEthernet's collision-detection method.
		Token Ring Technology - *Token Ring is a "token-passing" technology and an alternative toEthernet's collision-detection method.
		token is passed from one station to another according to a set of rules.
	www.hp-store.com /PD_03649.aspx (121 words)

	Reliable broadcast protocol for a token passing bus network (US4725834)
		The token site function can be rotated among the various receivers in the broadcast group to reduce storage costs.
		The possible token sites are identified in a token list to which stations may be added or from which stations may be deleted.
		The token list is transmitted to all stations in the broadcast group to assure that no more than one token site exists at any instant of time.
	www.delphion.com /details?pn10=US04725834 (489 words)

	token passing Definition: TechEncyclopedia from TechWeb
		A communications network access method that uses a continuously repeating frame (the token) that is transmitted onto the network by the controlling computer.
		When it finds one, it fills it with the address of the destination station and some or all of its message.
		Every node on the network constantly monitors the passing tokens to determine if it is a recipient of a message, in which case it "grabs" the message and resets the token status to empty.
	www.techweb.com /encyclopedia/defineterm.jhtml?term=tokenpassing (307 words)

	T
		In Token Ring networks, a physical device that enables a station to connect to the trunk cable.
		A token bucket has three components: a burst size, a mean rate, and a time interval (Tc).
		A token bucket is used to manage a device that regulates the of a flow.
	www.cisco.com /univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/ita/t12.htm (3668 words)

	Passing access token between processes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Be sure to set the ACL on the new token so that the new process will have permissions to use it.
		The DLL is passed a structure which contains hToken a handle to the newly logged on user.
		I would like to pass this token to another process so that process can call 'ImpersonateLoggedonUser' and run in the security context of the logged on user.
	www.totalblowhole.com /new-838609-3604.html (701 words)

	Token Ring (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Token Ring has been used mainly in large corporations, and was considered in the past to be the only way to handle data communications in large networks (1000+ nodes).
		When a Token or Token Frame goes by, a node is allowed to reserve the priority of the next Token to be released (by placing its priority in the Reservation Bits).
		For IBM Token Ring, the first bit is the Routing Bit, which instructs bridges to pass the Token Frame (1) or to ignore it (0).
	www.thelinuxreview.com /howto/intro_to_networking/c5761.htm (5604 words)

	What is token passing? - A Word Definition From the Webopedia Computer Dictionary
		Token passing uses a token, or series of bits, to grant a device permission to transmit over the network.
		When its transmission is complete, the device passes the token along to the next device in the topology.
		System rules in the protocol specifications mandate how long a device may keep the token, how long it can transmit for and how to generate a new token if there isn't one circulating.
	www.webopedia.com /TERM/P/token_passing.html (373 words)

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