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Topic: Tokhtamysh

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	Battle of the Vorskla River - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		As a result of the new conflicts within the Horde, Tokhtamysh was dethroned by the party of khan Temur Kutlugh and emir Edigu, supported by the great Tamerlane.
		When Tokhtamysh asked Vytautas for assistance, the latter readily gathered a huge army which included Lithuanians, Belarusians, Russians, Mongols, Poles, and Teutonic knights.
		Meanwhile Temur Kutlugh died from the wounds received in the battle, and Tokhtamysh was killed by one of his own men.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_the_Vorskla_River (320 words)

	tokhtamysh (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		In 1382 Tokhtamysh led a successful campaign against Muscovy as a punishment for the Kulikovo defeat.
		Tokhtamysh was killed in 1406 or 1407 by Edighey, Temir-Kutley's murza.
		The spelling of Tokhtamysh varies, but the most common spelling is Tokhtamysh.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /tokhtamysh.html (194 words)

	Tokhtamysh - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tamerlane then helped Tokhtamysh to unite his White Horde with Blue Horde and to gain the throne of the combined state.
		In the great Battle of the Vorskla River (1399) the combined forces of Tokhtamysh and Vytautas were annihilated by two Tamerlane's generals, khan Temur Qutlugh and emir (murza, visir) Edigu.
		The defeated Tokhtamysh was killed in Siberia by the men of Edigu in 1406 or 1407.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tokhtamysh (203 words)

	Tokhtamysh Family
		Khan Tokhtamysh is known to the History as the one of the last successful khans of Golden Horde.
		In order to restore his authority, Tokhtamysh requested aid from Vytautas (Lithuanian ruler), who was eager to extend his domain, into the lands of the Golden Horde.
		Joined troops of Vytautas, Tokhtamysh's Mongols and the Knights of Prussia met those of Temr Kutlugh and Edig (khan and emir of Golden Orda, appointed by Timur khan).
	adighastory.tripod.com /khan (421 words)

	Tokhtamysh -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		In 1382 Tokhtamysh led a successful campaign against (A Russian principality in the 13th to 16th centuries; Moscow was the capital) Muscovy as a punishment for the Kulikovo defeat.
		In the great (additional info and facts about Battle of the Vorskla River) Battle of the Vorskla River (1399) the combined forces of Tokhtamysh and Vytautas were annihilated by two Tamerlane's generals, khan Temur Qutlugh and emir (murza, visir) Edigu.
		They defeated Tokhtamysh was killed in (A vast Asian region of Russia; famous for long cold winters) Siberia by the men of Edigu in 1406 or 1407.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/t/to/tokhtamysh.htm (337 words)

	A Short History of the Lipka Tatars of the White Horde (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The White Horde of Siberia occupied the steppe from the east of the Urals and the Caspian Sea to Mongolia.
		In 1380, Khan Tokhtamysh, the hereditary ruler of the White Horde crossed west over the Urals and merged the White Horde with the Golden Horde whose first khan was Batu, the eldest son of Jochi.
		Toktamysh was the last major figure in the history of the Golden Horde, a man of considerable political vision who, however, made the fatal mistake of antagonizing his former protector, Tamerlane.
	www.angelfire.com /jazz/ntstar/history.htm (7872 words)

	Mongol Yoke
		In 1328, when Muscovites were repelling the surprise attack of Tokhtamysh, the town-dwellers and neighboring villagers brought together their books to the stone churches to save them from the flames, and there there were so many of these books that they packed the inner rooms of the Kremlin's temples right up to the summits.
		All this wealth was destroyed when Tokhtamysh managed to treacherously burst into the town.
		In the Old Rus, books were loved and valued very much, and not without reason a chronicler of the 12th century called them "rivers, filling the universe." It is no mere chance that many of the undamaged manuscripts of the Old Russian literature had come to us through Novgorod, a city that was not destroyed.
	gorbunov.bizland.com /mongol_yoke.htm (1478 words)

	Timur Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		His conquests to the west and north-west led him among the Mongols of the Caspian Sea and to the banks of the Ural and the Volga; those to the south and south-West encompassed almost every province in Persia, including Baghdad, Karbala and Kurdistan.
		Timur supported Tokhtamysh against Russians and Tokhtamysh, with armed support by Timur, invaded Russia and in 1382 captured Moscow.
		Later, Tokhtamysh turn against Timur and invaded Azerbaijan in 1385.
	thearts.us /encyclopedia/Timur (1806 words)

	Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!
		While still a youth, Vasily, who was the eldest son of Grand Prince Dmitry Donskoy (ruled Moscow 1359–89), travelled to the Tatar khan Tokhtamysh (1383) to obtain the Khan's patent for his father to rule the Russian lands as the grand prince of Vladimir.
		But he was subsequently kept at Tokhtamysh's court as a hostage until 1386 when, taking advantage of Tokhtamysh's conflict with his suzerain Timur Lenk (Tamerlane), he escaped and returned to Moscow.
		Despite the hostility caused by his flight, in 1388 Vasily led a Muscovite military contingent in Tokhtamysh's campaign against Timur Lenk in Central Asia; and after returning home he received Tokhtamysh's patent and succeeded his father as grand prince of Moscow and Vladimir (1389).
	www.britannica.com /ebc/print_toc?tocId=9074880 (337 words)

	Life. (from Timur) -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		He gave armed support to Tokhtamysh, who was the Mongol khan of the Crimea and a refugee at his court, against the Russians (who had risen against the khan of the Golden Horde, Mamai); and his troops occupied Moscow and defeated the Lithuanians near Poltava.
		In the intervals, he was engaged with Tokhtamysh, then khan of the Golden Horde, whose forces invaded Azerbaijan in 1385 and Transoxania in 1388, defeating Timur's generals.
		In 1391 Timur pursued Tokhtamysh into the Russian steppes and defeated and dethroned him; but Tokhtamysh raised a new army and invaded the Caucasus in 1395.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-7271 (1432 words)

	Virgin Mary Theotokos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Prince Andrei Bogoliubskii moved the icon from Kiev to the city of Vladimir in 1155.
		In 1395 the icon was permanently transferred to Moscow; amazingly, the transfer took place on the same day as the withdrawal of Khan Tokhtamysh's forces besieging Moscow.
		From the very beginning the icon was considered a work of such an outstanding quality and power that it was constantly copied, producing numerous variations on the theme.
	www.stgeorgegreenville.org /PictureGallery/Icons-Theotokos/source/theotokos34.htm (173 words)

	Welcoming international ambassadors - KSU Sentinel - Campus Life (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		KSU is hosting four international diplomats from the republics of the former Soviet Union: Dina Gavarieva, from Russia; Saltanat Nauanova, from Kazakhstan; Anya Tokhtamysh and Tanya Ivanova, both from the Ukraine are members of a special group of scholars, hand-picked by the International Research and Exchange Board to participate.
		Anya Tokhtamysh is a soft-spoken young lady who is also a native of the Ukraine.
		She was surprised at how friendly the people are in the U.S. because she was told that we would not be willing to help.
	www.ksusentinel.com /media/paper402/news/2002/10/09/CampusLife/Welcoming.International.Ambassadors-293033.shtml (879 words)

	The Turco-Mongol Invasions IV, Medieval Armenian History, Turkish History, Turkey
		From 1220, when the Mongols first appeared in the Caucasus, to 1385 when Tokhtamysh invaded, a period of 165 years had elapsed.
		Entering western Armenia from northern Mesopotamia, he took Erzinjan, parts of Basen district and Awnik fortress; Kars, Surmari, Koghb, Bagaran and Ayrarat were ravaged; and the Qara Qoyunlu Turkmen areas, centered at Archesh, north of Lake Van, were attacked (246).
		The Timurids defeated Tokhtamysh and sacked his principal cities, Astrakhan and Sarai (247).
	rbedrosian.com /atmi4.htm (3082 words)

	[No title]
		One of the most formidable of his opponents was Tokhtamysh, who after having been a refugee at the court of Timur became ruler both of the eastern Kipchak and the Golden Horde, and quarrelled with Timur over the possession of Khwarizm.
		It was not until 1395, in battle of Kur River, that the power of Tokhtamysh was finally broken.
		Abu Sa'id (1335), ruler of Ilkhanid Dynasty, there was a power vacuum in Persia.
	www.homestayfinder.com /Dictionary.aspx?q=Timur (1690 words)

	CHECHNYA FREE.RU \| Chechen News, History, Traditions, Economics
		The invasion of the Northern Caucasus by hordes of Timur the Lame, or as he is referred to in official sources – Tamerlan, occurred as a result of wide-scale hostilities by Chagatai ruler against the Khan of the Golden Horde – Tokhtamysh.
		It is now known that the state of Simsim was populated by Turk tribes, who settled there in earlier times and by Vainakhs, who descended on the plains from the mountains.
		Parts of them were Moslems and all of them were Tokhtamysh’s allies.
	www.chechnyafree.ru /index.php?lng=eng§ion=historyeng&row=7 (1802 words)

	Golden Horde -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - Your gateway to all Britannica has to offer! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Mamai's successor and rival, Tokhtamysh, sacked and burned Moscow in retaliation in 1382 and reestablished the Horde's dominion over the Russians.
		Tokhtamysh had his own power broken, however, by his former ally Timur, who invaded the Horde's territory in 1395, destroyed Sarai Berke, and deported most of the region's skilled craftsmen to Central Asia, thus depriving the Horde of its technological edge over resurgent Muscovy.
		In the 15th century the Horde disintegrated into several smaller khanates, the most important being those of the Crimea, Astrakhan, and Kazan.
	concise.britannica.com /ebc/article-9037242 (1191 words)

	RIVER OF TIME
		Artillery was used in Russia for the first time on this day in 1382 when the invading hordes of the Tatar Khan Tokhtamysh laid siege to Moscow.
		Count Nikolai Muravyov-Amursky, a prominent Russian statesman and diplomat was born on this day in 1809.
		The great Russian surgeon Alexander Pirogov saved his leg from amputation and an angry international outcry eventually forced the Sardinian authorities to pardon Italy’s national hero and exile Garibaldi to Caprera island in the Mediterranean.
	www.vor.ru /English/River/river_043.html (1000 words)

	Pravda.RU:Conference devoted to the history of Russian artillery opens in Petersburg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Russian artillery goes back to the latter half of the 14th century.
		According to chroniclers, the first artillery was used in Rus during the defence of Moscow against the troops of Khan Tokhtamysh in 1382.
		The Artillery Office was set up in 1577, which in the Russia before tsar Peter was in charge of all issues of the manufacture and use in combat of artillery and which became the predecessor of the Main Missile-Artillery Directorate.
	newsfromrussia.com /region/2002/11/21/39773_.html (254 words)

	Muscovite Culture
		In 1382, when the Muscovites beat off a sudden attack by Tokhtamysh, the townsfolk and inhabitants of the nearby villages brought their books to stone churches to protect them against fire, and these books were so numerous that they filled the interiors of the Kremlin cathedrals to their roofs.
		All these riches were lost when Tokhtamysh succeeded in breaking into the city by treachery.
		It is no accident that many of the surviving monuments of the literature of ancient Rus' reached us via Novgorod, which was not destroyed by the Mongol-Tatars.
	www.stetson.edu /~psteeves/classes/muscoviteculture.html (3555 words)

	Lietuvos karaimai: Karaimai ir Lietuvos valstybė (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		In 1390, the cruel ruler of the Middle and East Asia Tamerlan (Timur) banished the ruler of the Golden Horde Tokhtamysh who was unable to gain a foothold in the Eastern Europe and rule over the Russian territories.
		Tokhtamysh found refuge by Vytautas and this was how the latter got involved in the internal Tatar war.
		In 1397, Vytautas organized a great feat of arms to the Southeast.
	daugenis.mch.mii.lt /karaimai/karaims.htm (755 words)

	Central Asian History, Part 1
		The rule of the Golden Horde by Khan Tokhtamysh.
		The Golden Horde is amalgamated with the White Horde (together called by the former name).
		Timur defeats Tokhtamysh, destroys the Golden Horde capital of Sarai Berke, and briefly occupies Moscow.
	www.oxuscom.com /cahist1.htm (1988 words)

	► » Timur (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		armed support to Tokhtamysh, who was the Mongol khan of the Crimea and
		In 1391 Timur pursued Tokhtamysh into the Russian steppes
		Tokhtamysh gave up the struggle; Timur occupied Moscow for a year.
	www.lipsot.com /Timur-4127150.html (1960 words)

	Primeau Family - Zvenigorod, Russia
		They nevertheless kept on their court and servants here.
		The rich offerings made to the Tatars in the past meant little to Kahn Tokhtamysh who ruined Zvenigorod in 1328 and burned it down.
		All the same it revived and flourished once more under the second son of Prince Dmitri Donskoi, Prince Yuri, who ruled it from 1389 to 1434.
	www.primeau-canada.com /russia3.htm (1107 words)

	Edige History Summary
		The epic Edige has as its historical nucleus the emir of the Golden Horde Edige (also called Edigu, Idiga, Idiku, d.
		1419) and his wars against Khan Tokhtamysh (d.
		The epic is shared by a number of Turkic peoples who trace their origins back to the tribal confederation of the Golden Horde.
	www.bookrags.com /history/worldhistory/edige-ema-02 (243 words)

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