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Topic: Toledo, Spain

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Toledo

Granada, Spain

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	Toledo, Spain - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Toledo later served as the capital city of Visigothic Spain, beginning with Liuvigild (Leovigild), and was the capital until the Moors conquered Iberia in the 8th century.
		The council of 681 assured to the archbishop of Toledo the primacy of Spain.
		Toledo was famed for religious tolerance and had large communities of Jews and Muslims until they were expelled from Spain in 1492; the city therefore has important religious monuments like the Synagogue of Santa María la Blanca, the Synagogue of El Transito, and the Mosque of Cristo de la Luz.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Toledo,_Spain (719 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Toledo (Spain)
		It was during the pontificate of Urban II that the Roman Rite was substituted for the ancient Isidorian or Mozarabic Rite (1089).
		Famous in the history of Toledo are its councils, held in greatest veneration by the sovereign pontiffs, and the source of the purest religious and moral doctrines.
		The most famous of all the councils of Toledo was the third national council (held in 589), in which King Reccared, the prelates, and grandees, proclaimed their abjuration of the Arian heresy and made a profession of faith according to the doctrine of the Council of Nicæa.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/14755a.htm (3346 words)

	Toledo, Spain
		Toledo is one of the oldest towns in Spain.
		At the Council of Toledo in 589 the Visigothic king Recarred, an Arian, was converted to the Catholic faith.
		In 1087 Toledo became the residence of the kings of Castile and the ecclesiastical center of the whole of Spain, and the Cardinal Archbishops of Toledo - Mendoza, Jiménez, Albornoz and others - were involved in all the great events of their period.
	www.planetware.com /spain/toledo-e-cast-tol.htm (568 words)

	Toledo History at Spain-info
		Toledo was also the capital of Spain for hundreds of years under both the Visigoths and the Christians.
		Visigothic Toledo: 570-711 A.D. With the fall of the Roman empire, after a brief spell in which Spain was tussled over by lesser Goths, the Visigoths, or 'Noble Goths', a Roman-Spanish cultural blend, swept in and took control of the peninsula.
		Toledo's influence and importance was assured as the seat of the head of the Catholic Church, and the Archbishop of Toledo, as a vocal proponent of the Reconquista and the monarchs' right-hand man, assured Toledo's pre-eminence as a power base.
	www.toledo-spain.info /history.html (1267 words)

	Toledo, Spain
		Toledo in the 13th century saw a tremendous cultural revival under King Alfonso X 'El Sabio, (The Wise), and the School of Translators was established.
		At the beginning of the struggle, Toledo acquired crucial psychological and propagandistic importance as the city was entirely in Republican hands, except for the besieged Alcázar (castle).
		Spain was structured into 17 autonomous communities (similar to federal states) and Toledo became the capital of one of them, Castilla La Mancha.
	worldfacts.us /Spain-Toledo.htm (1236 words)

	Toledo travel guide - Wikitravel
		An often overlooked gem, the Old quarter of Toledo (el Casco) is surrounded on three sides by the slow-flowing (and sadly rather polluted) Rio Tagus.
		Toledo is filled with handpainted ceramics of varying degrees of quality (upscale shops and boutiques are pricier, but generally carry higher-quality pieces).
		The region around Toledo and southward in Castilla La Mancha produces typical almond sweets known as Mazapán, which is not to be confused with the tough, white icing used on wedding cakes that we call "marzipan".
	wikitravel.org /en/Toledo_(Spain) (659 words)

	Carmen and Jim's Virtual Tour of Spain - Toledo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Toledo itself was a fascinating medieval fortified hill town with a tangle of narrow streets.
		Under the Spaniards, Toledo was the capital of Spain until it was moved to Madrid in 1561.
		Toledo was known for a long time for its peaceful coexistence of the three cultures of the Jewish, Muslims, and Christians.
	www.personal.psu.edu /staff/j/x/jxf17/spain2002/toledo.html (1163 words)

	Toledo, Spain City Guide: Tourist information on cheap hotels, apartments, monuments, maps, tours & excursions
		The city of Toledo is the capital of the province of the same name, and is also the capital of the Autonomous Community called Castilla-La Mancha.
		Toledo has a typical continental climate, cold in winter and hot in summer, although slightly tempered by the presence of the Tajo river flowing around its historic centre.
		With the exception of the mountains along the southern fringe, the province, one of the largest in Spain, is a land of flat terrain devoted primarily to agriculture, livestock and light industry.
	www.go-toledo.com (348 words)

	Introduction to Toledo at Spain-info
		Toledo is a city that once visited, never ceases to rest in the imagination.
		Toledo, characterized by narrow alleys and steep climbs, is not a city designed for the aging tourist.
		Chosen as capital by the Visigothic kings, a center of rebellion under Moorish rule, Toledo returned to being the center of Spain as the Christians slowly expelled the Moors in the Reconquest, and remained capital till the move to Madrid in the 16th century.
	www.toledo-spain.info /main.html (629 words)

	Spend a summer in Toledo, Spain - International Study Programs - University of Notre Dame (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Toledo, located about 40 miles south of Madrid, has been called the quintessential Spanish city; for Cervantes, Toledo was "the glory of Spain and the light of her cities." For two thousand years its central location made Toledo the coveted prize of a variety of peoples — Romans, Visigoths, Moslems and Christians.
		Toledo 's architecture and monuments display a splendid variety of medieval and renaissance styles, from Arabic mosques to Jewish synagogues and Christian churches.
		Summer Toledo tuition and fees is $3100, which includes the $500 ND administrative fee, 3 Notre Dame ROLL, FTT or GS credits, full room and board, and site visits in Toledo and Madridl Students who demonstrate proficiency in Spanish may live with a host family for an additional fee of $295.
	www.nd.edu /~intlstud/locations/spain/toledo_summer.htm (419 words)

	Spain - Extremadura Castilla La Mancha - Holidays & Information - Totally Spain
		Toledo: The saying goes that if you only had one day to spend in Spain, it should be spent in Toledo.
		To savour this 6th century city of cobbled streets and medieval architecture, you might be tempted to confine yourself to the cathedral, one of the finest in Europe, with stained glass windows, intricate woodwork and wrought-iron grilles, plus a sacristy that doubles as a fine arts museum.
		Toledo is the capital of the community consisting of 79,226 square km.
	www.totallyspain.com /spain_travel_information.asp?id=13 (1839 words)

	Alexander in Spain: Toledo
		It's in Spain, of course, and the ancient city of Toledo was the first stop for Alex and his parents once they left Madrid.
		Toledo, about 42 miles from Madrid on the N401, was built on a hill nestled into a horseshoe curve in the Rio Tajo.
		It was in Toledo that Alex first observed that the sidewalks in Spain are paved with beans.
	www.leaptoad.com /ahp/toledo.html (824 words)

	Toledo and Granada, Spain - Travel Photos by Galen R Frysinger, Sheboygan, Wisconsin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Toledo (Spain), city, central Spain, capital of Castile-La Mancha region and of Toledo Province, on the Tajo (Tagus) River, near Madrid.
		Toledo has many towers, old gates, narrow, winding streets, massive houses, and predominantly Moorish architecture, which give it a medieval atmosphere.
		Granada (city, Spain), city in southern Spain, capital of Granada Province, in Andalucía, at the foot of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, at the confluence of the Genil and Darro rivers.
	www.galenfrysinger.com /toledo.htm (605 words)

	TOLEDO by All About Spain
		Toledo is one of the most important centers of european medieval history.
		The first one to report about it was Roman author Titus Livius, who describes it as a "small fortificated town", and fortification has always been an important parameter in its history, still evident to today's tourist for the monumental walls around, and the "Swords of Toledo" gave to its steel-production world-wide fame.
		It was capital of Spain from the Gothic epoch until 1560, fact that explains its really impressive medieval architecture.
	www.red2000.com /spain/toledo (328 words)

	Toledo Spain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Toledo is one of the luxuries found in Spain.
		Toledo, a short day trip from Madrid, was a center for steel and sword production and you can still purchase a hand-made sword today.
		...Toledo, Spain is the capital of Castile-La Mancha region and of Toledo Province, on the Tagus.....The churches of Toledo contain some of the greatest works of art in Spain, notably...
	www.iacadgroup.com /toledo-spain.html (218 words)

	Toledo Spain Guide: Travel Guide - by toledospainguide.net
		As a former capital of Spain with a well-preserved history of relentless splendor, Toledo has come to enjoy a prestigious status as a National Monument and a World Heritage Site bestowed upon it by the UNESCO in 1987.
		Since then Toledo was plunged into a state of decline until it was made the regional capital of the Autonomous Community of La Mancha in the 1970s.
		Toledo lies about 70 km southwest of Madrid on a hill and can easily be reached from the country's capital.
	www.toledospainguide.net (335 words)

	Toledo Spain
		Toledo is a fortified city built on a hill overlooking the Tagus River and is without a doubt one of the densest monumental cities in the world
		Nearly all the different stages of Spanish art are represented in Toledo: Moorish-Mudejar-Jewish buildings, such as the Transito and Santa Maria la Blanca Synagogues; Gothic structures, such as the splendid cathedral: and Renaissance buildings are all here.
		In the 16th century, the city became home to El Greco, and Toledo has many of his paintings, among which is "The Burial of the Count of Orgaz", his masterpiece which is housed in the Mudejar Church of Santo Tome.
	www.spain-info.com /Areaguide/toledo.htm (196 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Spain's economic policy was authoritatively described as focused on two main objectives -- macroeconomic stability and structural reform.
		Much of the discussion of culture revolved around the question of "image." Several participants commented that the U.S. image in Spain is not very good in the population at large, although it is much better among elites and among the younger generation.
		Nevertheless, deepening of educational links, including education about Spain, was generally seen as a most promising means to improve awareness and appreciation of Spain in the U.S.A. Some efforts to strengthen this link already are underway.
	www.consespain-usa.org /foros/foros/toledo96/index.html (2629 words)

	Travel for Kids: Toledo, Spain
		Toledo is the capital of the province of Toledo, about an hour south of Madrid and easy to reach by train or car.
		Toledo is especially well known for sweets: look for almond paste marzipan, a hold-over from Moors, made into marquesas, a marzipan cupcake dusted with powdered sugar, or try ponche toledanas, found only here: shortcakes filled with quince jam and topped by almonds.
		The swords of Toledo were as prized as the horses of Andalucia across Europe.
	www.travelforkids.com /Funtodo/Spain/toledo.htm (843 words)

	Spain HQ : Toledo Spain
		A translated excerpt from the "History of the Conquest of Spain" by the Egyptian,Ibn Abd-el-Hakem (870 or 871 CE); from the Medieval Sourcebook.
		Medieval Sourcebook: Fourth Council of Toledo: Division of the...
		Spain HQ excludes all liability of any kind (including negligence) in respect of any third party information or other material made available on, or which can be accessed using, this Website.
	www.spainhq.com /toledospain/index.php (758 words)

	eTrav Pathways - Toledo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Toledo was once the capital of Spain, but transferring the capital to Madrid was actually a blessing.
		Culminating in the Inquisition, Jews (who had lived in Spain for fifteen centuries) were forced to convert or to be ousted from their homes in the course of a few months.
		The Goths established Toledo as the capital and the seat of the Church.
	www.etrav.com /pathways/html/toledo.asp (3274 words)

	Toledo Spain, City Toledo Spain, Toledo Spain Alcazar, Toledo Spain Shopping, Facts about Toledo Spa
		Perched atop a rocky mountain and surrounded by yellow hillsides, the medieval city Toledo Spain is one of the oldest towns on the Iberian Peninsula, and a perfect day trip or overnight visit from Madrid.
		The city of Toledo Spain is only 44 miles from the teeming capital, yet in the 90 minutes it takes to arrive there by train, one feels that they have left not only Madrid, but the last three centuries behind.
		When the Moors ruled Spain they practiced unusual religious tolerance in Toledo; both Christianity and Judaism were tolerated, with the result being that today Toledo is one of the few cities in the world in which it is possible to view Renaissance Cathedrals, Synagogues and Mosques.
	www.destination360.com /europe/spain/toledo.php (586 words)

	Tolerant Toledo. Toledo, Spain. Urban Lowdown.
		On a side note, Toledo is an extremely popular place to get married, especially in August and September and the hotel is a common wedding reception area, so if you're interested in finding a Spanish wife, this might be the best place to find one.
		Toledo was also the capitol of the Iberian Peninsula when it was inhabited by the Moors, an ancient Muslim culture that ruled the area for apporximately 800 years.
		The Alcazar, a massive fortress and the tallest building in Toledo despite being quite ominous from the hotel view, was crucial to Franco's victory over the Republic and has a history that no Toledo visitor should miss, especially for only 2 Euros ($2).
	www.urbanlowdown.com /destinations/spain/toledo/23.html (693 words)

	Toledo, Spain: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Demographic evolution of Toledo, Spain between 1991 and 2005
		On May 25, 1085 Alfonso VI of Castile took Toledo and established direct personal control over the Moorish city from which he had been exacting tribute.
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	winelib.com /wiki/Toledo,_Spain (977 words)

	Toledo, Spain. Travel guide & tourist information by Hostelbookers.com
		General orientation is pretty straightforward in Toledo, with the compact old city looped by the Tajo, and the new quarters across the bridges.
		Toledo was known to the Romans, who captured it in 193 BC, as Toletum, a small but well-defended town.
		Toledo is a major tourist centre and inevitably many of its cafés, bars and restaurants are geared to passing trade.
	www.hostelbookers.com /guides/spain/toledo (359 words)

	El Transito Synagogue, Toledo, Spain
		The synagogue was spared when the Jewish district of Toledo was attacked by the mob in 1391, during a wave of anti-Jewish massacres.
		When the Jews were expelled from Spain in 1492, "the great synagogue that the Jews used to have in Toledo" was granted by the king and queen of Spain, Ferdinand and Isabella, to the religious order of Calatrava.
		The design of the synagogue recalls the Nasrid style of architecture that was employed during the same period in the decorations of the Alhambra palace in Granada as well as the Mesquita of Cordoba, and parts of the Alcazar palace in Seville that were constructed at the same time at the initiative of King Pedro.
	www.bh.org.il /communities/Synagogue/Toledo.asp (1328 words)

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