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Topic: Tombak

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	Tonbak - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A Tonbak (also known as tombak, donbak, dombak and zarb) is a goblet drum from Persia (now commonly known as Iran).
		Today, the tombak is a serious concert instrument as well as a party favorite among the people of Iran.
		The tombak was not considered a soloist instrument until the pioneering work of Ostad Hossein Tehrani in the 1950's.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tombak (340 words)

	Tombak
		The tombak (the arabic word often used in Iran is Zarb) is a goblet shaped drum.
		The body of the tombak is usually made of walnut or mulberry wood, and the skin streched across the top is usually that of a lamb.
		The tombak is now regarded as a highly skilled instrument and is even used as a solo instrument.
	members.tripod.com /musicfromiran/id7.html (138 words)

	::Tombak::
		Tombak is a brass alloy with a high copper content.
		Tombak is a historical term originating from Turkey and Persia and defines alloys
		Tombak foil and strip, produced under controlled conditions, are very good for cold forming.
	www.schlenk.com /index.php?id=519&L=1 (333 words)

	ins (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The tombak is the main percussion instrument played in Persian art music.The tombak is a drum made of a hollowed-out walnut or mulberry bush trunk with à goat skin stretched across the top.
		Origin of the word tombak : tombak comes from sevral roots ; the first is related to the playing technique, the two syllables "tom" and "bak" being the onomatopea of the two main sounds made by the instrument.
		The tombak has become an expressive instrument with which musicians can make a show of technical virtuosity thanks to the development of rolls and ornamentations, a wide palette of tones in a reduced volume, and inumreable possibilities in striking techniques which call for incredible flexibility of the wrist.
	members.aol.com /madjidkhaladj/ins.htm (683 words)

	Publications
		Tombak, R. Väinaste, V. Soo, J. Pöial, A. Juurik.
		Tombak, R. Väinaste, J. Pöial, V. Soo, A. Juurik, I. Saaremets.
		Tombak, A. Juurik, J. Pöial, V. Soo, O. Toom, R. Väinaste.
	www.cs.ut.ee /~mati/tombakpub.html (560 words)

	Tonbak Acoustics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Tombak playing traditions involve altering the drumhead tension by pressing on the drumhead with some fingers while drumming with others.
		The tombak player can also alter the sound of the instrument by lightly resting a finger on the head; this will force a node to appear where the finger rests.
		Tombak shell with its belled-neck (NAFIR) Is a Helmholtz resonator which produces a low pitch and hum like sound, when striking the center of tombak skin.
	www.drumdojo.com /world/persia/tonbak_acoustics.htm (862 words)

	Tonbak Strokes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The tombak (also called zarb) is the principle percussion instrument of Persian classical music.
		The aim of this article is to explain the basic strokes of the tombak as taught in the style of Ostad Hossein Teherani -- though this is a difficult subject to tackle in print, without visual aid.
		(Again, this is very important: On the tombak, your fingers play the notes, but it's the wrists that provide the propulsion.) Raise your hand off the drum at the wrist, and then drop it down, with your ring finger (and sometimes second finger as well) striking the rim.
	www.drumdojo.com /world/persia/tonbakstrokes.htm (1332 words)

	Gold Leaf, Gold Plating by Anadoli Collection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		"Tombak" is the name given to copper and copper-alloy vessels gilded with an amalgam of gold and mercury.
		This desire gave birth to gilding and to “Tombak.” The genuine gold-like appearance that the Tombak method gives to ordinary copper is probably one of the sources of the myths surrounding medieval alchemy.
		The Byzantines already knew how to apply this process, and the Seljuks were known to have made Tombak items; but the finest masters of this technique have undoubtedly been the Ottomans, who used Tombak both for everyday objects and for military items.
	www.anadoli.com /index.phtml?cid=11&scid=19&pid=94&action=spd (284 words)

	Homayoun Shajarian - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Homayoun Shajarian (born May 21, 1975) is a Persian traditional music vocalist, as well as a Tombak and Kamancheh player.
		Upon his father's advice, he began studying knowledge of technique and rhythm under supervision of Nasser Farhangfar, master of Persian musical instrument: Tombak, at the age of five.
		Afterwards, he also continued learning Tombak under Jamshid Mohebbi's supervision.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Homayoun_Shajarian (301 words)

	Ethnographic Arms & Armour - Tombak for comment
		After seeing few tombaks I found their scabbards are often carved, this one from Museum is very simple.
		But again, there are a few views on the diffrences between a tombak and a lembing, as it is with a lance and a spear.
		The smoothness on the surface of your tombak may be seen as a common Balinese styled finnish, but I don't think the tombak is of Balinese in origin.
	www.vikingsword.com /vb/printthread.php?t=23 (1215 words)

	Nay-Nava the encyclopedia of Persian(Iranian) musical instruments (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Tombak is comprised of various sections including the hide, a big mouth and a small one.
		It is the only percussion instrument in the world that might be played by making full use of all the fingers of both hands.
		It became known as Tombak during the reign of the Sassanids.
	nay-nava.blogfa.com /post-10.aspx (159 words)

	Tour de Picardie 2005 - Welcome on the official web site
		Tombak, Auger and Contrini then decide to carry on alone and increase the gap on their followers that are eventually caught back by the pack led by Tom Boonen (QST) at kilometre 30.
		On the sprint line, Tombak beats Auger and Contrini while the peloton under the influence of the Auber 93, remains 3'20'' adrift.
		Tombak and Contrini easily catch up and the decision is to take place in a three-man sprint finish.
	www.letour.fr /stf/oise/2005/us/etape_03.html (345 words)

	Zinc vs. Tombak - Wehrmacht-Awards.com Militaria Forums
		True Tombak is an alloy of 82% copper, 8% tin, 7% zinc and 3% lead, (source, Deutsche Industrie-Norm) and has a bronze color.
		Zinc badges on the other hand are encounted in either what is refered to as "finezinc" a refined zinc alloy or the later "Kriegsmetall" which was a very low quality alloy.
		Tombak badges on the other hand can look brand new depending on the amount of wear and quality of storage, but worn spots or edges will expose the brass colored base metal.
	www.wehrmacht-awards.com /forums/showthread.php?t=696 (299 words)

	events
		Amir Vahab and Ensemble: Tanbur, Saz, Ney, Daf, Tombak, Dohol
		Tanbur, Saz, Setar, Tar, Ney, Daf, Tombak, Dohol and Sorna.
		Amir Vahab and Ensemble: Tanbur, Setar, Tar, Ney, Tombak and Daf.
	www.tanbour.org /events.htm (877 words)

	www.cyclingnews.com news and analysis
		Tombak beat Didier Rous (Bonjour) in a two man sprint, with Gorik Gardeyn (Lotto-Adecco) taking third at the end of the 190 km stage.
		With Tombak's 10 second time bonus for winning in addition to 5 seconds lead on the main peloton, he took over the pink jersey.
		Tombak and Rous worked together until the end to contest the sprint, with the Estonian proving quicker than the French champion.
	www.cyclingnews.com /road?id=2002/may02/dunkirk02/dunkirk022 (378 words)

	cv (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Born in Ghazvin, Iran in 1962, Madjid Khaladj began studying the tombak at age seven.
		Alborz kouh (1995) / for 2 tombaks, 2 dafs 1 senj and zang
		Madjid Khaladj, daf and tombak / Virginia Pattie Kerovpyan, vocal/ Rouben Haroutunian, târ / Aram Kerovpyan, kanoun (Al Sur, ALCD 228)
	members.aol.com /madjidkhaladj/cv.htm (1667 words)

	Ziya Tabassian, tombak et percussions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The tombak or the zarb, the main percussion instrument in classical Persian music, is a one-sided drum carved out of the trunk of a walnut or mulberry tree and covered in goat or lamb skin.
		The tombak is played with both bare hands requiring movement of the wrists and speed of the musician?s hands facilitate a wide variety of strokes to create a whole gamut of tones and colours.
		In classical Persian music, the tombak plays a dual role, one which is rhythmical, the other melodic.
	www.philmultic.com /artists/tabassian (352 words)

	Metalhelme
		The distinctive steel helmets of the Preußen Kürassier and the Sachsen (Saxon) Schweres Reiter first appeared in 1843, replacing the tall leather helmet that was worn up to that time.
		The M1843 Metalhelme (a helmet made from polished steel or Tombak) was large and heavy with a pronounced brim over the forehead and a distinctive "lobster tail" neck guard, both of which served to protect the wearer from sword blows.
		The helmets were made from polished steel with brass fittings, or Tombak (an alloy made from a combination of copper and zinc) with German silver fittings.
	www.kaisersbunker.com /pt/metalhelme.htm (1157 words)

	Iranian Music: Nasser Farhangfar
		At this time he regularly went to the local traditional Zourkhaneh, not to watch the athletes, but to listen to the rhythms of the zarb used in training the athletes.
		He had his own style and technique in playing the tombak; he was familiar with the Radif and kept many of forgotten old songs as well.
		Aside from his mastery of tombak, Farhangfar was a poet and familiar with the art of calligraphy.
	www.iranchamber.com /music/nfarhangfar/nasser_farhangfar.php (251 words)

	Reviews - Can We Live 150 Years by M. Tombak
		As Dr. Tombak advises: “Eat to live instead of living to eat!” But of course that is not all.
		Tombak provides a wide array of body cleansing methods.
		Here is where Tombak's wonderful book really shines as he enters " grandma's advice " which we might have shrugged off at first.
	www.starthealthylife.com /page159.htm (1807 words)

	KEO - CULTURE - Cultural Events
		Pejman Hadadi, born in Tehran in 1969, began studying the tombak at the age of ten with Asadullah Hejazi.
		Hadadi is known for his innovative style, bringing new sounds and techniques to tombak, and he is also an accomplished daf player.
		The tombak is a goblet-shaped drum carved from solid mulberry wood and covered at the wide end with lamb or goatskin.
	www.kurdistanica.com /english/culture/events/events-002.html (1440 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The tombak is the world's most complete rhythmic instrument.
		Currently, he is one of the dominant figures in cutting-edge, intuitive creativity on this ancient instrument.
		He is currently teaching the Tombak and Daf, and also plays the violin and Kamancheh.
	www.muziekpublique.be /html/Courses/bioenglishdadmehr.html (294 words)

	Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		This book is used by many teachers for teaching Tombak to beginners.
		This is an excellent book for anybody interested in learning or understanding Tombak or Iranian rhythms in general.
		A comprehensive study of Rhythm from view point of a master Tombak player.
	www.donbak.co.uk /books/books.htm (325 words)

	Tombak takes over at Dunkirk
		Cofidis's Janek Tombak pulled on the pink leader's jersey at the Four Days of Dunkirk in France after winning Thursday's second stage, 190km from Hellemmes to Steenvorde.
		Tombak beat Frenchman Didier Rous (Bonjour) for the stage win and took the leader's jersey away from Patrice Halgand (Jean Delatour).
		Second on Wednesday, Tombak didn't let Thursday's opportunity slip away, winning a long two-up sprint from Rous, with the rest of the peloton five seconds behind.
	www.velonews.com /race/int/articles/2187.0.html (180 words)

	Zarbang
		Behnam Valikhani Samani was born in 1967 in Tschahar Mahai Bakhtiari in Iran.
		With the guidance of Master Tombak player Amir Nasser Eftetah who had a great influence upon him, Arabi began his ensemble work at the Center for Preservation of Music in Tehran and was later invited to join the Mowlana Ensemble with whom he performed extensively in Iran and abroad.
		In addition to Tombak and Daf, Arabi is proficient in the Kemanche and Violin, which he began studying as a teenager with Mohammad Moghadassi, and later with Reza Rahimi Jafari.
	www.zarbang.com /pages/about.html (2335 words)

	Tour de Picardie 2005 - Welcome on the official web site
		But Tombak keeps his yellow jersey and therefore wins the 59th Tour de Picardie.
		One could have expected this short final stage to be a walk in the park for Janek Tombak who had claimed the yellow jersey earlier on the day.
		In the overal standings, Tombak keeps the yellow jersey he claimed earlier today and wins the 59th edition of the Tour de Picardie.
	www.letour.fr /stf/oise/2005/us (339 words)

	Tombak Takes Stage 2, Four Days of Dunkirk Lead (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Janek Tombak (Cofidis) is the new leader of the Four Days of Dunkirk.
		Tombak took the overall lead from Patrice Halgand (Jean Delatour), who won Stage 1.
		In the overall, Tombak leads Halgand by 0:08 and Sylvain Chavanel by 0:17.
	www.roadcycling.com /cgi-bin/news/news.pl?action=gen_read_page&id=kLuQwsENaj (342 words)

	World Music Central - Your connection to World Music
		Homayoun Shajarian, born in 1975, is the son of master vocalist Mohammad Reza Shajarian.
		He began playing tombak (goblet drum) at the age of five and later attended the Tehran Conservatory of Music.
		As well as tombak, Homayoun plays the kamancheh and studies the vocal tradition with his father.
	www.worldmusiccentral.org /artists/artist_page.php?id=1681 (150 words)

	Tombak (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Tombak / Tonbak / Dombak / Donbak or Zarb:
		It is the chief percussion instrument of Persian classical music.
		The tune played by Tombak has no definite pitch, but as far as its playing technique is concerned, it is one of the most advanced instruments which its structure contains hide.
	www.tanbour.org /gallery/instruments/tombak (157 words)

	Kayhan Kalhor : Scattering Stars Like Dust - Listen, Review and Buy at ARTISTdirect
		Scattering Stars Like Dust is a 47-minute suite for the upright fiddle of the Middle East called the kamancheh and the tombak drum.
		It contains three sections: the first is for both the kamancheh and the tombak; it is very propulsive with its 7/4 rhythm.
		The tombak returns in the third section, which begins with ominous, repeated motifs but gradually turns into something more desperate and frenzied.
	www.artistdirect.com /nad/store/artist/album/0,,347664,00.html (374 words)

	Daily Peloton - Pro Cycling News
		Pichon was in and out of consciousness during his rescue and while being transported to the hospital - it has been most recently reported that he has a cranial injury, facial injuries, broken ribs, a broken leg and collarbone.
		While this serious business is continuing, Iker Flores is caught by the chasing Portal and Tombak, and at ten km to go the three are together, the peloton 3:35 back.
		Portal again attacks at about 4 km to go, and gains a 35 second lead on his two companions while the chasing peloton manages to narrow the lead by a minute.
	www.dailypeloton.com /displayarticle.asp?pk=6371 (492 words)

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