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Topic: Tomislav II of Croatia

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	Croatia-Slavonia - LoveToKnow 1911
		Until 1881 Croatia, in the N.W. of this region, was divided from Slavonia, in the N.E., by a section of the Austrian Military Frontier.
		The Ostrogoths overran it in 489; in 535 it was annexed by Justinian; in 568 it was conquered by the Avars.
		These were in turn expelled from Croatia by the Croats, a Slavonic people from the western Carpathians, who, according to some authorities, had occupied the territories of the Marcomanni in Bohemia, and been driven thence in the 6th century by the Czechs.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Croatia-Slavonia (6930 words)

	Tomislav II of Croatia, 4th Duke of Aosta - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tomislav II of Croatia, 4th Duke of Aosta
		Prince Aimone Roberto Margherita Maria Giuseppe di Torino (9 March 1900 - 29 January 1948), later King Tomislav II of Croatia and the 4th Duke of Aosta was a member of House of Savoy.
		On 18 May 1941, taking the name Tomislav II, he was proclaimed King of the Independent State of Croatia, a German/Italian state covering most of Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tomislav_II (296 words)

	Croatia - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		The Republic of Croatia is a crescent-shaped country in Europe bordering the Mediterranean, Central Europe and the Balkans.
		Croatia applied for European Union membership in 2003 and the EU leaders accepted it as an official candidate country in late 2004.
		In the north and east it is continental, Mediterranean along the coast and a semi-highland and highland climate in the south-central region.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/c/r/o/Croatia.html (1484 words)

	Croatia HISTORY
		Joseph II, her son, emancipated the serfs, tried to improve education, tried to impose the German language as a unifying force, closed monasteries in an attempt to control the Roman Catholic Church, and decreed religious toleration.
		Croatia was seething with rebellion, and the sentence of three years in prison for opposition leader Dr. Macek would have sparked an open revolt, were it not for the danger of Fascist Italy's intervention.
		Croatia had been arming since 1990 with the financial aid of émigrés, and thus withstood fighting over a seven-month period, suffering some 10,000 deaths, 30,000 wounded, over 14,000 missing and lost to the Krajina Serbs (and to the Yugoslav army).
	www.nationsencyclopedia.com /Europe/Croatia-HISTORY.html (8963 words)

	History of Croatia - Croatian History
		Tomislav, one of Branislav's successors, annexed the Dalmatian cities and in 925 received the royal crown from Pope John X. Tomislav and his heirs made strenuous efforts to defend their kingdom both from the Bulgarian empire in Pannonia and from Venice, which was spreading its power along the Dalmatian coast.
		It spread southwards along the Adriatic coast from the river Rasa in Istria to the rivers Tara and Piva in Montenegro, eastward to the Drina and northward to the Drava and to the Danube.
		Croatia was an area of special concern, as the center of the strongest nationalist movement in pre-war Yugoslavia.
	croatiahis.com (3882 words)

	Croatia encyclopedia : Cultural Information , Maps, Croatia politics and officials, Croatian History. Travel to Croatia
		The first King of Croatia, Tomislav (910–928) of the Trpimirović dynasty, was crowned in 925.
		Croatia and Slavonia' became a part of the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs composed out of all Southern Slavic territories of the now former Austro-Hungarian Monarchy with a transitional government headed in Zagreb.
		Croatia became part of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1945, which was run by Tito's Communist Party of Yugoslavia.
	www.croatiaiworld.com /wiki-History_of_Croatia (2575 words)

	CROATIAN KING TOMISLAV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-20)
		Croatia spread from the Raga River in Istria to the Drin in today's Albania, and from the Adriatic Sea to the Drava and Danube Rivers in the north, and to the Drina River in the east.
		The country was divided into White Croatia, from the Raga to the Cetina in Dalmatia, and Red Croatia, from the Cetina to the Drin.
		Serbian župan Zacharias fled from Symeon to Croatia in the spring of 925 A.D.: C. Porphyrogenitus, op.
	www.studiacroatica.com /jcs/01/01mandic.htm (4220 words)

	boys clothing: European royalty -- Croatia
		Croatia was colonized first by the Celts who dominated northern and central Europe by the 5th century BC.
		Croatia in the 12th century was confronted by Catholic Hungary and Orthodox Serbia.
		Croatia in the 15th century faced an expanding Ottoman Empire The Croatian Assembly in the mid-1400s invited the Habsburgs, under Archduke Ferdinand, to assume control over Croatia.
	histclo.com /royal/cro/royal-cro.htm (1370 words)

	History of Croatian Science
		At the court of King Rudolph II in Hradcani in Prague (Rudloph II was Roman-German Emperor and Croatian-Hungarian King) he worked as his secretary, and in that period completed his important dictionary of five most noble European languages (Dictionarium quinque nobilissimarum Europeae linguarum: Latinae, Italicae, Germanicae, Dalmaticae et Hungaricae) and published in Venice in 1595.
		The oldest orthopedic institution in Croatia and one of the oldest in Europe, is the hospital for orthopedic surgery and rehabilitation "Dr Martin Horvat" in Rovinj, a lovely coastal town in Istria.
		Jaroslav Havlicek was born in Croatia, in Garesnica (1879 - 1950), of the Czech nationality.
	www.croatianhistory.net /etf/et22.html (12905 words)

	Croatian Volunteers in the German Wehrmacht in WWII
		In January 1943 it was decided that the situation in Croatia was becoming critical due to the Communist Partisan uprisings in the region and the Division was instead sent to the Balkans rather than the Eastern Front.
		The 373rd Division was assigned an Area of Operation, reaching from Karlovac in the east, to Sarajevo in the west, and from the Adriatic coast of Croatia in the south, to the Sava River in the north.
		When the Independant State of Croatia proclaimed its independance on April 10th 1941, during the German invasion of Yugoslavia, part of the land it claimed was the former Austro-Hungarian province of Bosnia-Herzegovina (Bosna i Hercegovina).
	www.feldgrau.com /croatia.html (8357 words)

	Croatian Axis Forces in WWII
		Part of this new state was Croatia, whose people had enjoyed a great deal of autonomy under the rule of the Austro-Hungarian Empire until its dissolution at the end of WWI.
		Croatia had an infantry regiment and an air and naval legion fighting on the Eastern Front as part of the German Wehrmacht.
		The military of tiny Croatia in WW2, despite the lack of proper arms, despite fighting against a formidable guerilla opponent (the partisans) and a strong nationalist army (the Cetniks), despite a meddling Italy, managed to field a army that fought until the bitter end, and for this should be respected.
	www.feldgrau.com /a-croatia.html (2633 words)

	Regents of Croatia
		The principality of Croatia was located in the coastal region that is now called Dalmatia while the principality of Slavonia were located between the modern states of Hungary and Bosnia.
		But when Tomislav I died Croatia and Slavonia were temporarily divided between different branches of his dynasty.
		When this dynasty died out Croatia-Slavonia were annexed by Hungary and remained a part of the Hungarian Monarchy until the end of the First World War when it became a part of the kingdom of Yugoslavia instead.
	www.tacitus.nu /historical-atlas/regents/centraleurope/croatia.htm (129 words)

	Milosevic - Initial Indictment
		It was the objective of the Serb forces to detach this area from Croatia and to annex it to Montenegro.
		The Republic of Croatia, formerly one of the six republics of the SFRY, is located in south-eastern Europe and borders Slovenia and Hungary to the north and north-east and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and Bosnia and Herzegovina to the east and south.
		Although the JNA officially withdrew from Croatia in May 1992, large portions of its weaponry and personnel remained in the Serb-held areas and were turned over to the "police" of the Republic of Serbian Krajina (RSK).
	www.un.org /icty/indictment/english/mil-ii011008e.htm (8441 words)

	CROATIA Centre Description
		On the first level, the Republic of Croatia - on the basis of constitutional law and in keeping with the outcome of the referendum - severed on October 8, 1991 all constitutional ties with the other Yugoslavian federal units and proclaimed her independence.
		Battles and minor skirmishes all over Croatia, frequent alerts in all the larger cities, mobilization of a major part of the male population, migration, daily monitoring of the news bulletins on radio and TV - all of this almost completely destroyed the 1991/1992 theatre season.
		The state leadership in Croatia is more or less identical with the leadership of the party which, after winning the election in 1990, took over the real administrative, political and financial power from the party in power until then - the Communist Party - and has, on the whole, retained it all for itself.
	www.iti-worldwide.org /amt/countries/p_CROATIA.html (6715 words)

	Croatia - historical and cultural overview
		Croatia ruled by the Habsburgs, as a member of the Habsburg Crown (1527-1918, Austrian-Hungarian Empire from 1867 to 1918), parts of Croatia under Venice, Turkish Ottoman Empire and France,
		Ibler was ambassador of the Republic of Croatia in Sweden.
		From 1918 to 1929 Croatia was one of the states in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenians.
	www.hr /darko/etf/et01.html (5503 words)

	Discover the Wisdom of Mankind on Croatia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-20)
		The Republic of Croatia is a crescent-shaped country in Europe bordering the Mediterranean to the South, Central Europe to the North and the Balkans to the Southeast.
		Croatia is currently in the process of joining the European Union, accession negotiations started in December 2005.
		Croatia also has a place in the history of clothing as the origin of the necktie (cravat).
	www.blinkbits.com /blinks/croatia (1860 words)

	The Periphery of Francia: Spain, Britain, Eastern Europe, & Scandinavia
		It may have been Philip II who issued the first decree for "these realms of Spain." As it happens, this was issued from Lisbon after Philip claimed the Throne of Portugal in 1580 and occupied the Kingdom.
		Thus, Sancho II of Navarre (970-994) is different from Sancho II of Aragón (1063-1094), Sancho II of Castile (1065-1072), and Sancho II of Portugal (1223-1245); but Alfonso IX of León (1188-1230) is numbered in succession to Alfonso VIII of Castile (1158-1214).
		Teobaldo II The marriage of Blanca of Navarre to Theobald of Champagne means that for a while the Counts of Champagne become the Kings of Navarre.
	www.friesian.com /perifran.htm (11163 words)

	Top 20 Encyclopedia
		The Independent State of Croatia was ruled by the Croatian right extremist group called the Ustaše, and it was a puppet state of the Axis powers.
		On paper, it was a kingdom under one Tomislav II of the House of Savoy, but he had no real power and never even set foot on the territory of the NDH.
		On July 13, 1943 a Democratic Republic of Croatia under the leadership of Andrija Hebrang was declared in those areas occupied by the Croatian Partisan forces.
	encyc.connectonline.com /index.php/Independent_State_of_Croatia (2084 words)

	Adriatic.hr - About Croatia
		Croatia abounds with cultural-historical monuments from all periods, thanks to stormy historical events and the intertwining of influences of different cultures.
		Influences of the Mediterranean culture, numerous monuments from Antiquity, the Roman period and early Middle Ages, Romanesque sacral heritage, and a series of preserved Mediterranean urban complexes characterize its seaside.
		Continental Croatia is part of the middle European cultural circle and its prominent because of numerous prehistoric finds of world importance, old towns, fortress and castles of the Middle Ages and cultural monuments and architecture of the baroque period.
	www.adriatic.hr /upoznajmohr_ohrvatskoj.php (3203 words)

	RULERS OF CROATIA (HRVATSKA) AND SLAVONIA
		Mihajlo KREŠIMIR II Son of Tješimir (?) or of Krešimir I (?) or of a Trpimir II son (?) of Krešimir I
		Aimone of Spoleto, son of Amadeo of Aosta son of Emanuele Filiberto son of Vittorio Emanuele II of Italy; abdicated 1943
		NOTE: This highly conjectural list is adapted from suggestions made by M. Eggers regarding the relationship between South Slavic and Moravian rulers (largely on the basis of the Chronicle of the Priest of Dioclea), and the survival of a “Moravian” line in Slavonia and Bosnia until c1000 (according to two later chronicles).
	www-personal.umich.edu /~imladjov/CroatianRulers.htm (839 words)

	Croatia - Voyager, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-20)
		After the defeat of the Axis powers, Yugoslavia became a federal socialist state under the strong hand of Josip Broz Tito.
		Although Croatia declared its independence from Yugoslavia in 1991, it had to endure four-to-five years of sporadic and often bitter fighting with the Yugoslav People's Army and the Army of the internationally unrecognized Republic of Serbian Krajina.
		The Croatian major offensives in 1995, Operation Storm and Operation Flash, defeated the separatists and ended the war, restoring the territories of Krajina to Croatia.
	www.voyager.in /Croatia (1499 words)

	The Ruling House of Croatia, 1939-1945 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-20)
		, King of Croatia, Prince Aimone of Savoy, Duke of Spoleto, Duke of Aosta (1900-).
		Created King Tomislav II of Croatia on May 18, 1941, but abdicated his claim to the Croatian throne upon the Italian surrender in 1943.
		Amadeo, Prince of Savoy, born on September 27, 1943, in Florence.
	gsteinbe.intrasun.tcnj.edu /royalty/houses/croatia.htm (73 words)

	Croats in BiH
		The border between Middle Age Bosnia and Croatia was on the river Vrbas, not on Una.
		By the end of the 17th century some of the occupied parts of Croatia and Hungary were liberated from the Turks.
		In Croatia one can encounter each of nine possible combinations of speeches: ikavian-cakavian, ikavian-stokavian, ikavian-kajkavian, ijekavian-cakavian, ijekavian-stokavian (being the most widespread), ijekavian-kajkavian etc. Ekavian-stokavian dialect is typical for the Serbs.
	www.hr /darko/etf/et02.html (10162 words)

	Majid's Pages - Actuality of Monarchy in the 21st Century- , society and culture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-20)
		It took only 5 days for the Savoy Duke of Spoleto, designated King Tomislav II of Croatia, to refuse the crown of this Nazi sponsored puppet state in 1941.
		Hence, the king is also the symbol of the father of the country : in Belgium, where King Albert II is of German stock and Queen Paola is Italian, they both share common ancestors (in the female line) with many Belgian families, including a majority of non aristocratic ones.
		One more story goes away, that in many European countries, the king is a stranger to his people (King Simeon II of Bulgaria as Prime Minister is named Mr Saxe Coburg and Gotha by his opponents): this story is a total misconception of the numerous contributions of the female lines.
	www.maldivesroyalfamily.com /remy.shtml (2477 words)

	Croatia's WW2 Medals
		Picture material marked "TM" courtesy of Tomislav Mikulic (Medals and Decorations of the Independent State of Croatia), picture material marked "YY" courtesy of Yuri Yashnev.
		After the German occupation of Yugoslavia, the Kingdom of Croatia was founded under German "supervision" on 10 April 1941.
		On the departure of the Germans from the country in 1944, Croatia eventually became a republic with limited powers of self-government within the state of Yugoslavia.
	users.skynet.be /hendrik/eng/39croatia.html (182 words)

	The South Slav Journal
		that Duca di Spoleto (Ed: Italians’ choice to be the future King of Croatia as Tomislav II) was arriving in Banja Luka.
		Even more so when the plane arrived at the capital without Tomislav II and his camarilla.
		Some schoolfriends were tortured by the Ustashe, some were taken to Jasenovac (Ed: Notorious concentration camp in the Independent State of Croatia).
	www.southslavjournal.com /mem1.htm (7104 words)

	Investigative Summary
		directed organs of the government of the Republic of Serbia to create armed forces separate from the federal armed forces to engage in combat activities outside the Republic of Serbia, in particular in the said areas in Croatia and the subsequent forcible removal of the Croat and other non-Serb population.
		The extermination or murder of hundreds of Croat and other non-Serb civilians, including women and elderly persons, in Dalj, Erdut, Klisa, Lovas, Vukovar, Vocin, Bacin, Saborsko and neighbouring villages, Skabrnja, Nadin, Bruska, and Dubrovnik and its environs, as described in detail in paragraphs 38 to 59 and 73 to 75.
		The prolonged and routine imprisonment and confinement of thousands of Croat and other non-Serb civilians in detention facilities within and outside of Croatia, including prison camps located in Montenegro, Serbia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina, as described in detail in paragraph 64.
	www.un.org /icty/indictment/english/mil-2ai020728e.htm (8298 words)

	Croatian Civilization - Civilization Fanatics' Forums
		Features Croatia as playable Civ with authentic city names, two leaders and a special unique unit.
		This unit represents the Croatian Garde Brigades that successfully ended the wars in Croatia and neighbouring Bosnia-Hercegovina by rapidly advancing after breaking through enemy lines in a series of battles, like Operation Flash, Storm and many others.
		Historically Guard brigades does not imply defense at all (stražarske), at least to me. The term does come from elite troops whose task was originally to protect the commander (like the famous Napoleon's Garde), but later it extended to mean elite troops in general.
	forums.civfanatics.com /showthread.php?t=142385 (1056 words)

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