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Topic: Tongzhou Incident

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Nanking Massacre

Nanjing Massacre

Comfort women

Battle of Shanghai

Battle of Nanjing

Mukden Incident

List of war apology statements issued by Japan

Battle of Changsha

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New 1st Army

Unit 731

Xian Incident

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The Rape of Nanking (book)

Emperor of Japan

	Tongzhou Incident - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Tongzhou Incident (通州事件) or Tungchow Mutiny of (July, 1937) was an assault on Japanese troops and residents (including Korean-Japanese) cause by Chinese troops.
		Tongzhou (通州, Tōngzhōu) was a strategic post in an eastern district of Beijing.
		Chinese historians believe that the right-wing organizations in Japan use this incident to downplay the atrocities committed by the Imperial Army in the Nanjing Massacre upon the citizens.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tongzhou_Incident (339 words)

	Tongzhou Incident - China-related Topics TM-TP - China-Related Topics
		Tongzhou (通州, Tōngzhōu) was a strategic post in the eastern district of Beijing.
		Chinese historians insist that this incident was one of the excuses Japan used to expand the military campaign in China.
		Chinese historians insist that the right-wing organizations in Japan use this incident to downplay the atrocities committed by the Imperial Army in the Nanjing Massacre, focusing on the cruelty of the Chinese army.
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Tongzhou_Incident (304 words)

	Marco Polo Bridge Incident
		The Marco Polo Bridge Incident was an accidental battle between the Japanese and Chinese armies, opening the Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945).
		After the Incident of September 18 in 1931, Japan had occupied Manchuria and had created an nominally independent state of Manchukuo with Ai-xin-jue-luo Pu-yi (the last emperor of China) as its sovereign.
		There are some disputes among historians over the incident with some historians believing that this was an unintentional accident while others believing that the entire incident was fabricated by the Kwantung Army in order to provide a pretext for the invasion of central China.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/wo/World_War_II___Battle_of_Lugou_Bridge.html (1950 words)

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	China and Inner Asia Sessions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Joan Judge places an incident of collective female suicide in 1900 in its global and historical contexts, and examines the multiple national meanings it was assigned.
		Second, the paper explores the various ways the Tongzhou incident was politically signified by female commentators in the early twentieth century.
		The incident dominated the headlines of both tabloids and major newspapers in the city over the next few days, as thousands of uninvited opera fans and curious citizens crowded to attend Xiao’s funeral.
	www.aasianst.org /absts/2006abst/China/C-149.htm (1166 words)

	THE NANKING MASSACRE : Fact Versus Fiction - Chapter 1
		The Tongzhou Massacre on July 29 was followed by a rash of similar incidents in which Japanese soldiers stationed in Tanggu and Tianjin were ambushed.
		An unfortunate incident occurred on August 9, in which a Japanese naval officer was murdered by Chinese sentinels from the Rainbow (Hong) Bridge Airfield.
		It was a malicious trick, this engineering of incident upon incident, the misinterpretation of which would sway public opinion in the West.
	www.ne.jp /asahi/unko/tamezou/nankin/fiction/chapter01.html (6125 words)

	Second Sino-Japanese War Summary
		This situation culminated in the Jinan Incident of 1928 in which the Kuomintang army and the Japanese were engaged in a short conflict.
		Following the Mukden Incident, the Japanese Kwantung Army occupied Manchuria and established the puppet state of Manchukuo in February 1932.
		The Communists expanded their influence wherever opportunities were presented, through mass organizations, administrative reforms, land and tax reform measures favoring peasants, while the Nationalists attempted to neutralize the spread of Communist influence and fight the Japanese at the same time.
	www.bookrags.com /Second_Sino-Japanese_War (8579 words)

	Wikinfo \| Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945)
		Battle of Lugou Bridge (Marco Polo Bridge Incident) on July 7, 1937.
		However, Chinese historians place the starting point at the Mukden Incident of September 18, 1931.
		Following the Mukden Incident, the Japanese Guandong army occupied Manchuria and established the puppet state of Manchukuo (February 1932).
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Sino-Japanese_War_(1937-1945) (1307 words)

	China (includes Tibet, Hong Kong, and Macau)
		In March Xiao Weibin, who in 2004 was dismissed as editor of Tongzhou Gongjin magazine, was stripped of his post as a member of the Guangdong Province Political Consultative Congress during the year.
		In December media were banned from reporting on an incident in Dongzhou, Guangdong Province, in which police fatally shot at least three protesters in a land dispute.
		Incidents described as mob violence rose by 13 percent over 2004, according to the Ministry of Public Security, which said that the number of demonstrations continued to grow and protesters were becoming more organized.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2005/61605.htm (19324 words)

	Nanking Massacre Summary
		Following the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, which marked the beginning of the second Sino-Japanese War, the Japanese were swift in capturing major Chinese cities in the northeast.
		The duration of the incident is naturally defined by its geography: the larger the area, the earlier the Japanese entered it, and therefore the longer the duration.
		The truth of this incident is hotly disputed and critics seized on the opportunity to imply that the episode, as well as the Nanking Massacre and all its accompanying articles, were largely falsified.
	www.bookrags.com /Nanking_Massacre (5043 words)

	MilitaryHistoryOnline.com (Not Logged in)
		The Marco Polo Bridge Incident (盧溝橋事變; also known as 七七事變, 七七盧溝橋事變) was a battle between the Empire of Japan's Imperial Japanese Army and the Republic of China's National Revolutionary Army, marking the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945).
		There are some disputes among historians over the incident with some historians believing that this was an unintentional accident while others believing that the entire incident was fabricated by the Kantogun in order to provide a pretext for the invasion of central China.
		Right-wing Japanese historians suggest that the incident was staged by the Chinese Communist Party, who hoped that the incident would lead to a war of attrition between the Japanese army and the Kuomintang, weakening both of the CCP's foes.[1]
	www.militaryhistoryonline.com /Forums/ViewPrint.aspx?ForumID=11&ID=6839 (1700 words)

	Asia Finest Discussion Forum > Tongzhou incidents (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Oct 13 2005, 05:10 AM The Tongzhou Incident (通州事件) (July, 1937) was the assault incident on Japanese troops and residents (including Koreans) which Chinese troops caused.
		An incident is just an incident, it does not reflect on any Chinese policy against Japanese civilians in the war time.
		Oct 13 2005, 07:24 PM i posted a response in chinese chat...the gist of it was, this incident might have happened, it might not have...no reliable evidence.
	www.asiafinest.com /forum/lofiversion/index.php/t47236.html (3759 words)

	Why War? Should Israel be Seen As Doomed?
		However, there is no trace of Japanese involvement in the provocative incidents that took place during and after 1936, including the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, a clash between Japanese and Chinese troops, in 1937.
		These incidents must have been either the isolated actions of Chinese people who could no longer tolerate the overbearing attitude of the Japanese, or by certain groupings of people in the Nationalist Party who acted out of control.
		The incident occurred in Tongzhou, east of Peking, now Beijingóa city full of Japanese that was governed under Japanese rule.
	www.why-war.com /news/read.php?id=1552&printme (1837 words)

	Untitled Document
		Tongzhou, east of Peking, now Beijing--a city full of Japanese that was governed under Japanese
		The result of this incident was the establishment of the splendid new nation of Manchuria.
		The Powers are still discussing whether or not to recognize this new nation, but regardless of whether or not other nations recognize her, the Manchurian empire has already been established, and now, seven years after its creation, the empire is further consolidating its foundations with the aid of its friend, Japan.
	www.willamette.edu /~rloftus/manchuinci.html (1832 words)

	Falun Dafa Clearwisdom.net
		I appeal to the procurators [of the investigation bureau] to investigate the crimes committed by the assailants in Niubaotun local police station and Tongzhou District Detention Center, and bring them to justice.
		I was put in cell #2-7 in Tongzhou District Detention Center from February 5 to March 21.
		I demand that you investigate the crimes done by Tongzhou District Detention Center leaders and other assailants and bring them to court.
	clearwisdom.net /emh/articles/2000/10/15/6524.html (1788 words)

	Brujula.Net - Your Latin Stating Point (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The war is also known in Japan as "HEI" or the "C" Operation, which was a Strategical Plan made by the Japanese Army as part of their large-scale plans to control the Asia mainland.
		Other more common synonymns of same plan are "Luokouchiao or Marco Polo incident" (for these why in these Bridge occured firsts provocations for Japanese invasion) or "China Incident".
		Chinese historians estimated that as many as 300,000 people died in the Nanjing Massacre, after the fall of Nanjing.
	www.brujula.net /english/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War.html (2154 words)

	List of Japanese political and military incidents - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This is a list of Japanese political and military incidents, as classified by Japanese terminology in which incident was a euphemism applied during the 1920s and through to the outbreak of the Pacific War.
		What the Japanese languages euphemistically describes as incidents were the attempts at coup d'etat of the period.
		Panay incident Japanese air attack against American river patrol boat in Yang-Tze Kiang river (1937) also involving a British river patrol boat.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_Japanese_political_and_military_incidents (311 words)

	Second Sino-Japanese War - Wikipedia Mirror (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The word "事変 (incident)" was chosen by Japan as neither countries declared war on each other.
		Still, numerous conflicts between China and Japan persisted as Chinese Nationalism has been on the rise and one of the ultimate goals of the Three People's Principles was to rid China of foreign imperialism.
		Following the Mukden Incident, the Japanese Kantogun occupied Manchuria and established the puppet state of Manchukuo in February 1932.
	www.wiki-mirror.be /index.php/Sino-Japanese_War_(1937-1945) (5079 words)

	RE: The Yushukan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		During the twenty years before the Manchrian incident, the population in Manchria increased from 18 million to 30 million.
		There were only 10,000 soldiers in Manchuria in Japan before the incident while Sina had approximately 450,000.
		The Tongzhou Incident (éå·äºä»¶) (July, 1937) was the assault incident on Japanese troops and residents (including Koreans) which Chinese troops caused.
	www.crisscross.com /forum/m_652467/mpage_3/printable.htm (5606 words)

	i-ball channel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		In October 1856, owing to the occurrence of an accident, there was another war between China and foreigners, called Ya Luo Hao Incident.
		When this news reached the British consul at Guangzhou, the consul exaggerated the incident.
		The Chinese armies engaged in hard battles at Tongzhou and Bali Bridge with the invaders.
	iball.china10k.com /function/opium/e.content2.html (1003 words)

	Marco Polo Bridge Incident - Battle of Japan's Imperial Army and China's National Revolutionary Army
		The Marco Polo Bridge Incident was a battle between the Japan's Imperial Army and China's National Revolutionary Army, marking the beginning of the Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945).
		Phase II During the meeting of all senior KMT officers of the 24th Army in Beijing on July 12, Qin insisted that KMT forces must remain defending and resisted any temptation of negotiating with the Japanese whom he did not trust.
		KMT must take all responsibilities of the incident on July 7.
	www.japan-101.com /history/marco_polo_bridge_incident.htm (2070 words)

	Cruelty of Chinese: Tongzhou Incident
		In "Collapsing China " by Arving, it was written as facts even In 1920's that good resident were tied in chain sticked trough by steel wire and that corpses of women cut off their hands and legs, were thrown away besides roads.
		After 2 weeks from Tongzhou Incident, Aug 12, Chinese 12,000 soldiers surrounded about 20,000 Japanese civilian and about 1000 Japanese marine in Shanghai, and started to attack them at 13, Aug.
		This is the opening of 2nd Shanghai Incident and it lead to Nanking Incident.
	homepage3.nifty.com /kadzuwo/history/tongzhou.htm (455 words)

	Four Chongqing Practitioners Receive Heavy Sentences for Exposing Rape \| Clearharmony - Falundafa in Europe
		On November 15, 2004, the Intermediate Court of Chongqing City ruled that the original verdict is to be carried out.
		Both courts claimed that the Wei Xingyan incident was fabricated by practitioners.
		The Responsibility of Beijing's Tongzhou District "610 Office" in the Tragic Death of Ms.
	www.clearharmony.net /articles/200502/24746.html (516 words)

	The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - World
		Incidents of violence on February 13 lead to the death of three persons on the Dhaka streets in a gunbattle between supporters of the BNP and ruling Awami League.
		Nasir, another constable of Dhaka Metropolitan Police fell victim of gunshots fired at his mess by activists of the BNP while retreating from the place of earlier violence.
		The incident triggered violent demonstrations in the city and exchanges of gunfire between Shiites and Sunnis, they said.
	www.tribuneindia.com /2001/20010303/world.htm (3345 words)

	FOR THE RECORD 2001 UNITED
		It is alleged that her chest was severely burnt in the incident and other parts of her body were also burnt.
		It is reported that after police had failed to force the practitioners to renounce their beliefs, using tortures and insults, most of practitioners were sent to labour camps and some were sent to psychiatric hospitals.
		Concern has been expressed that the two incidents are related to her political involvement over the last 22 years.
	www.hri.ca /fortherecord2001/documentation/commission/e-cn4-2001-73-add1.htm (11581 words)

	ABOUT WORLD WAR II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The first lift was in daylight for accuracy, and almost all of the troops arrived on top of their target drop zones without incident.
		Battle of Lugou Bridge is well known among Chinese as Incident of July 7, Lugouqiao Incident or July 7 Lugouqiao.
		East of the city: Tongzhou Town Northwest: Nankou Town at Changping Prefecture South: Fengtai Town Southwest: Lugou Bridge at Wanping Prefecture where Wanping Town was located.
	www.aboutww2.info /battles.html (20325 words)

	Prehistory to the Nanking Incident
		When the gruesome details of the incident were revealed to the Japanese public, they became furious about the bestiality of Chinese soldiers.
		This caused the conflict between the Nationalist and the Japanese Armies to spread from the Marco Polo Bridge to Shanghai.
		Practically speaking, this was the beginning of the Shanghai Incident.
	www.interq.or.jp /sheep/clarex/discovery/discovery01.html (1096 words)

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