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Topic: Tonks-Girardeau gas

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Tonks-Girardeau gas - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In physics, a Tonks-Girardeau gas is a Bose-Einstein Condensate in which the repulsive interactions between bosonic particles confined to one dimension dominate the physics of the system. In the case of a Tonks-Girardeau gas (TG), so many properties of this one-dimensional string of bosons would be sufficiently fermion-like that the situation is often referred to as the 'fermionization' of bosons. Tonks–Girardeau gas of ultracold atoms in an optical lattice, Nature 429, 277-281 www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tonks-Girardeau_gas

Tonks - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Lewi Tonks, American quantum physicist especially known for the discovery of the Tonks-Girardeau gas. Nymphadora Tonks, a fictional character in J. Rowling's Harry Potter novels (name may be inspired by Rosemary Tonks). This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists pages that might otherwise share the same title. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tonks

Marvin D. Girardeau M.D. Girardeau and E.M. Wright, "Bose-Fermi variational theory of the Bose-Einstein condensate crossover to the Tonks gas", Phys. G.J. Lapeyre Jr., M.D. Girardeau, and E.M. Wright, "Momentum distribution for a one-dimensional trapped gas of hard-core bosons", Phys. M.D. Girardeau and E.M. Wright, "Breakdown of time-dependent mean-field theory for a one-dimensional condensate of impenetrable bosons", Phys. www.optics.arizona.edu /girardeau

Interference of a Tonks-Girardeau Gas on a Ring We study the quantum dynamics of a one-dimensional gas of impenetrable bosons on a ring, and investigate the interference that results when an initially trapped gas localized on one side of the ring is released, split via an optical-dipole grating, and recombined on the other side of the ring. The utility of the Fermi-Bose mapping for the present problem of a TG gas lies in the fact that the density profiles for the Fermi and Bose problems are identical and are both obtained as a sum over the modulus squared of the orbitals obtained from Eq. This spatially periodic grating may be produced over the spatial extent of the trapped gas, for example, using intersecting and off-resonant pulsed laser beams to produce an intensity grating whose wavevector may be tuned by varying the intersection angle, which in turn produces a spatially periodic optical-dipole potential for the atoms. personal.riverusers.com /~lapeyre/ringtonkshtml

node38.html The chemical potential of the Tonks-Girardeu gas is known due to fermion-bosonic mapping [ The value of the chemical potential of the TG gas in a trap is immediately found from Eq. It equals to the fermi energy of a one-dimensional spinless fermi gas and is given by the formula ( 1.101). science.unitn.it /~astra/PhD/node38.html

Journal Club For Condensed Matter Physics Such an impenetrable gas of bosons is known as the Tonks-Girardeau gas, and is of course quite different from a simple Bose condensate. For an infinite local repulsion among the bosons, the bosons cannot pass but are free particles on different sites, and thus behave very closely to spinless fermions. In fact for a delta function repulsion a full solution of the problem has been given by Lieb and Liniger, showing indeed the evolution of the momentum distribution. jc-cond-mat.bell-labs.com /august/jccm_aug04_02.html

Tonks−Girardeau gas of ultracold atoms in an optical lattice Girardeau, M. Relationship between systems of impenetrable bosons and fermions in one dimension. Greiner, M., Regal, C. and Jin, D. Emergence of a molecular Bose-Einstein condensate from a Fermi gas. Greiner, M., Mandel, O., Esslinger, T., Hänsch, T. and Bloch, I. Quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator in a gas of ultracold atoms. www.nature.com /nature/journal/v429/n6989/abs/nature02530.html;jsessionid=F20FF63C52B03CC5FA02F240B483E66D

Quantum gases in optical lattices (April 2004) - Physics World - PhysicsWeb For instance, unlike a 3D gas, the interactions between the atoms become stronger as the density of the gas is reduced. The behaviour of a gas at temperatures close to absolute zero depends on whether the atoms in the gas are fermions or bosons. The detection of such a gas would provide a textbook example of how a system of strongly interacting bosons can essentially be described by a free-fermion picture, and it is currently one of the most challenging goals in the ultracold field. physicsweb.org /article/world/17/4/7

1D.html In this regime the correlation length is equal to the interparticle separation, and the radius of the Tonks-Girardeau gas is proportional to the ratio of the frequencies. In that respect, the maximum number of particles we can have in a Tonks gas is determined by the trapping potential (and by the scattering length). In the case of the 1D Thomas-Fermi gas, the temperature would be able to supress the phase fluctuations as well as the density ones and we will have a true BEC. www.ma.ic.ac.uk /~jrogel/work/1Dgas/1D1.html

Bose Einstein Condensate Superfluidity in an Ultracold Gas of Fermion Atoms In physics, the Bose-Einstein condensate is a phase of matter, in the sense that solid, liquid, gas and plasma are phases of matter. Bose-Einstein condensates form from matter that has been cooled to near absolute zero. www.wikiverse.org /bose-einstein-condensate

Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik To prove that they have indeed created a gas of fermionized bosons or Tonks-Girardeau gas, the researchers have made a theoretical prediction for the momentum distribution of atoms in the tightly confining tubes based on an approach in which trapped bosons acquire fermionic properties. Such a gas of fermionized bosons constitutes a novel quantum state of matter called a Tonks-Girardeau gas. In such a gas the bosonic particles are restricted to move along one direction in space. www.mpq.mpg.de /mpq-news/2004/2004-05-21_pr.html

theorie.html An important consequence for experiments is that the density of the gas experiences a pure scaling transform during a time of flight, so that the time of flight acts as a perfect magnifying lens. This approach was extended to the case of a 1D Bose gas on a torus. The literature contains both predictions, that the 1D Bose gas is superfluid, and that it is not superfluid. www.lkb.ens.fr /recherche/atfroids/anglais/theorie.html

ABC Online Forum To confirm that a Tonks-Girardeau gas had been created the team measured the momentum distribution of the atoms in the tubes and found that it agreed with theoretical predictions. Physicists have blurred the distinction between bosons and fermions by coaxing a one-dimensional gas of atoms into a Tonks-Girardeau gas for the first time. When bosons are confined in this way, the repulsive interactions between them -- which are normally weak in an ordinary three-dimensional cold gas -- become important and tend to separate the atoms from one another. www2b.abc.net.au /science/k2/stn/newposts/1202/topic1202161.shtm

JournalClub.html Paredes et al, 'Tonks-Girardeau gas of ultracold atoms in an optical lattice', Nature 429, 277 (2004). Peter/Xia-Ji Kinast et al, 'Evidence for superfluidity in a resonantly interacting Fermi gas', PRL 92, 150402 (2004); M. Bartenstein et al, 'Collective excitations of a degenerate Gas at the BEC-BCS crossover', PRL 92, 203201 (2004). Laburthe et al, 'Observation of reduced three-body recombination in a fermionized 1D Bose gas', cond-mat/0312003. www.physics.uq.edu.au /people/corney/JournalClub.html

Tonks-Girardeau Quantum Gas Created - June, 2004 Theoretically proposed approximately 40 years ago, a Tonks-Girardeau gas is a system of correlated bosonic particles whose repulsive interactions are so dominant that the particles display fermionic properties akin to the Pauli exclusion principle and are prevented from occupying the same position in space. Reporting in the May 20 issue of Nature, physicists from Max Planck Institut für Quantenoptik, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, Université Paris Sud and the University of Amsterdam describe the successful realization of a Tonks-Girardeau gas. To achieve this regime, the researchers loaded a Bose-Einstein condensate of 30,000 to 40,000 rubidium-87 atoms into a two-dimensional optical lattice potential created by two orthogonal standing waves of 823-nm laser radiation, which confined the atoms in an array of "tubes" of laser radiation. www.photonics.com /spectra/news/XQ/ASP/pbullid.571/QX/read.htm

NYU Physics Physics Colloquia Such a gas is predicted to be a very high temperature superfluid - the transition temperature is a large fraction of the Fermi energy. I will describe experimental evidence for superfluidity which arises in anisotropic expansion of the gas, in the heat capacity, and in collective damping. Physical quantities we have measured include the 1D gas energy, cloud length, and pair correlation function. www.physics.nyu.edu /cgi-bin/colloquia

MESUMA04 talk abstract The dynamic structure factor of the 1D Bose gas near the Tonks-Girardeau limit While the 1D Bose gas appears to exhibit superfluid response under certain conditions, it fails the Landau criterion according to the elementary excitation spectrum calculated by Lieb. The apparent riddle is solved by calculating the dynamic structure factor of the Lieb-Liniger 1D Bose gas. www.mpipks-dresden.mpg.de /~mesuma04/ABSTRACTS-TALKS/cherny.html

ITAMP Workshop: Quantum Degenerate Gases in Low-Dimensionality In a two-component Fermi gas, the s-wave pairing is possible between atoms in different internal states. The observation of the quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulating phase in a Bose gas has offered a first glimpse into the physics which is now becoming experimentally accessible. We propose to reach the BCS transition by adiabatic decrease of the 2D density or by variations of the potential of the tight confinement. itamp.harvard.edu /low-d/low-d.html

Using magnetic chip traps to study Tonks-Girardeau quantum gases In particular, we discuss the feasibility of studying the Tonks-Girardeau limit, in which the gas is strongly interacting. We review the scaling of the oscillation frequencies of a chip trap, and show that it seems feasible to attain a Tonks-Girardeau parameter as large as 200. www.edpsciences.org /articles/jp4/abs/2004/04/Reichel/Reichel.html

That fermion feeling In a Tonks–Girardeau gas, bosonic particles are confined to one dimension, and the physics of the system is dominated by repulsive forces between the particles. MURRAY J. A new regime of strongly correlated quantum behaviour has been reached with the creation of a one-dimensional Tonks-Girardeau gas from ultracold atoms trapped within thin tubes of light. This state of matter has been studied extensively in the 40 years since it was proposed — but only theoretically as the gas had not been created in the lab. www.nature.com /nature/links/040520/040520-5.html

Physics Uspekhi News 7-2004 The calculated momentum distribution of the atoms is consistent with the theoretical prediction for a Tonks-Girardeau gas. X-ray emitting hot gas and dark matter are present in similar amounts in almost all clusters, making it possible to estimate cluster distances and to calculate how the cosmological expansion has changed over the last few billion years. To enhance the effect, an additional optical lattice was created along each of the beams. ufn.ioc.ac.ru /news/eng/2004/0704.html

node120.html We completely recover all properties of the Tonks-Girardeau gas and known asymptotic behavior of the momentum distribution and correlation functions. This paper presents a thorough study of correlation properties of a one-dimensional gas of bosons at zero temperature. For arbitrary value of the gas parameter no complete description was known so far. www.science.unitn.it /~astra/PhD/node120.html

MESUMA04 talk abstract Recent experiments on ultracold atomic alkali gases in a one-dimensional optical lattice have demonstrated the transition from a gas of soft-core bosons to a Tonks-Girardeau gas in the hard-core limit, where one-dimensional bosons behave just like fermions. We find that the Tonks-Girardeau gas is reached only at the strongest optical lattice potentials. Results for slightly higher densities, where the gas develops a Mott-like phase already at weaker optical lattice potentials, show that these Mott-like short range correlations do not enhance the convergence to the hard-core limit. www.mpipks-dresden.mpg.de /~mesuma04/ABSTRACTS-POSTER/pollet.html

Ultra-cold Temperature Physics Opens Way To Understanding And Applications In a Tonks-Girardeau gas, strongly interacting bosons act as non-interacting fermions. Swiss Cheese-Like Gas Cloud Holds Clues To Starquakes (April 4, 2001) -- By spinning ultra-cold sodium gas in a laboratory, NASA-funded scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge have created a gas cloud that resembles rounded Swiss cheese... By constraining the grid in two directions so that movement is possible only in one dimension, as if the atom were on a wire, Weiss creates a system where the bosons -— rubidium 87 atoms -— act like fermions. www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2005/02/050223130515.htm

A high frequency optical trap for atoms using Hermite-Gaussian beams Paredes, A. Widera, V. Murg, O. Mandel, S. Fölling, I. Cirac, G.V. Shlyapnikov, T.W. Hänsch, I. Bloch, “Tonks-Girardeau Gas of Ultracold Atoms in an Optical Lattice,” Nature 429, 277 (2004). Kinoshita, T. Wenger, and D.S. Weiss, “Observation of a One-Dimensional Tonks-Girardeau Gas,” Science 305, 1125 (2004). Greiner, O. Mandel, T. Esslinger, T.W. Hänsch, Immanuel Bloch, “Quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator in a gas of ultracold atoms,” Nature 415, 39 (2002). www.opticsexpress.org /abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-13-8-2843

Tonks - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Tonks Tonks is not available in the Hutchinson encyclopedia. You may also use the word browser links: encyclopedia.farlex.com /Tonks

research_tonks.html Only when the overlap between both simulations is complete the atomic gas can be considered as a Tonks gas (for V_0/E_R = 20 or more). When this ratio is infinite, double occupancies on a single site are energetically forbidden and the Bose gas behaves as a hard-core Bose gas. By the Wigner-Jordan transformation it is then possible to map the bosonic variables to fermionic degrees of freedom in one dimension. allserv.ugent.be /~lpollet/research_tonks.html

idw - Münchner und Mainzer Forscher entdecken neuen Quantenzustand der Materie Dies führt zu einer charakteristischen Geschwindigkeitsverteilung der "fermionisierten" Bosonen in einem Tonks-Girardeau Gas, die weder der eines Bose-Einstein-Kondensats noch der eines Gases aus Fermionen entspricht. Um nachzuweisen, dass tatsächlich ein solches Tonks-Girardeau Gas erzeugt wurde, haben die Forscher eine theoretische Voraussage über die Geschwindigkeitsverteilung der Atome in den Potentialröhren errechnet, die auf der Annahme von "fermionisierten" Bosonen beruht. Solch ein Gas von "fermionisierten" Bosonen - ein sogenanntes Tonks-Girardeau Gas - geht auf etwa 40 Jahre alte Ideen des amerikanischen Physikers Marvin D. Girardeau zurück und konnte nun erstmals realisiert werden. www.idw-online.de /pages/de/news80477

Encyclopedia: 2004 in science May 19 - A team of European scientists produces the first Tonks-Girardeau gas Nature  ( http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/nature02530) April 20 - NASA launches Gravity Probe B in an effort to test Einstein's general theory of relativity. www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/2004-in-science

Oxford Physics - A & L - Dieter Jaksch In particular the experimental creation of strongly correlated atomic systems like the Mott insulator or the Tonks-Girardeau gas with well controlled external parameters and very little decoherence might prove to be very useful building blocks for future scalable quantum computing devices. However, since one cannot expect the realization of a universal quantum computer within the near future I am also studying setups that could be used for special purposes in quantum information processing like quantum simulations of physical systems and devices for quantum communication protocols. I am mainly interested in neutral trapped atoms where outstanding experimental advances have led to a variety of novel systems over the past few years. www.physics.ox.ac.uk /al/people/jaksch.htm

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