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Topic: Tonoplast

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List of distinct cell types in the adult human body

Vacuole

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Organelle

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	BioMed Central \| Full text \| New insights into the tonoplast architecture of plant vacuoles and vacuolar dynamics ...
		Thus, the ratio of tonoplast surface area to volume of cytoplasm is optimized for exchanges (transport of water and ions) between the cytosol and the vacuole.
		During plasmolysis, it was observed that the tonoplast undergoes folding and that the vacuole does not vesiculate into discrete multilamellar vesicles severed from the tonoplast as "sac-like, rod-like or doughnut-shaped structures" as previously described [43].
		Indeed, some studies showed a high tonoplast fluidity [54], as well as a specific feature of fatty acid composition that may be responsible for the tonoplasts' unique fluidity and high elasticity [55] required for osmotic processes in the cell.
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2229/5/13 (5997 words)

	Sulphur Research in Europe - Abstract (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The same sequence of relative permeabilities is observed when tonoplast vesicles are used, however, in this case the orientation of the membrane is not defined e.g.
		The permeability of the tonoplast for this compound is comparable to that of the plasma membrane [23].
		Since a Cd antiport system is present in the tonoplast of plants and yeasts the stochiometry of phytochelatin to cadmium uptake could not be determined.
	www.pb.fal.de /en/cost/sia20.htm (2083 words)

	High Expression of the Tonoplast Aquaporin ZmTIP1 in Epidermal and Conducting Tissues of Maize -- Barrieu et al. 117 ...
		A, Tonoplast aquaporins are needed for cytoplasmic osmotic equilibration in cells that can experience rapid fluxes of metabolites or mineral nutrients.
		B, Tonoplast aquaporins permit rapid transcellular flow and increase the effective cross-section of the cytoplasm for symplastic flow.
		Chaumont F, Barrieu F, Herman EM, Chrispeels, MJ (1998) Characterization of a maize tonoplast aquaporin expressed in zones of cell division and elongation.
	www.plantphysiol.org /cgi/content/full/117/4/1153 (6292 words)

	Tonoplast
		The tonoplast is a large vacuole present in all plant cells.
		The cell controls the flow of water into and out of the tonoplast by using active transport to pump ions of potassium (K
		The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/to/Tonoplast.html (75 words)

	Cytosol - Wikipedia
		In plants, the amount of cytosol can be reduced due to the large tonoplast (central vacuole) that takes up most of the room of the cell.
		The cytosol is not a "soup" with free-floating particles, but highly organized on the molecular level.
		To prevent the cell from bursting apart, molecular pumps in the plasma membrane, the cytoskeleton, the tonoplast or a cell wall (if present) are used to counteract the osmotic pressure.
	www.web-dictionary.org /encyclopedia/cy/Cytosol.html (239 words)

	Vacuole - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Most mature plant cells have a central vacuole, which often takes up more than 80% of the cell interior.
		It is surrounded by a membrane, called the tonoplast.
		Proteins found in the tonoplast control the flow of water into and out of the vacuole by active transport, pumping ions of potassium (K
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tonoplast (725 words)

	In Situ Localization and Tissue Distribution of the Replication-Associated Proteins of Cucumber Mosaic Virus in Tobacco ...
		of the central vacuole (the tonoplast) (34) and the endoplasmic
		Proteins 1a and 2a colocalized in association with the tonoplast, and dense aggregates of gold particles were observed between individual vacuolar vesicles.
		The 2a protein (C) and minus-strand RNA (arrowheads in D) were associated with the tonoplast of V1 and in between V1 and V2.
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/76/21/10654 (6124 words)

	Properties of Enhanced Tonoplast Zinc Transport in Naturally Selected Zinc-Tolerant Silene vulgaris -- Chardonnens et ...
		Tonoplast vesicles were isolated from roots of nonexposed plants according to the method of Schumaker and Sze (1986)
		of tonoplast vesicles of a Zn-sensitive (B) and a Zn-tolerant (C) ecotype was measured using oxonol-V fluorescence.
		The concentration of Zn and citrate in isolated tonoplast vesicles derived from sensitive (A) and tolerant (B) plants.
	www.plantphysiol.org /cgi/content/full/120/3/779 (4265 words)

	Eukaryote - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In multicellular organisms, hormones are often produced in vesicles.
		In higher plants, most of a cell's volume is taken up by a central vacuole or tonoplast, which maintains its osmotic pressure.
		Mitochondria are organelles found in nearly all eukaryotes.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Eukaryotic (1133 words)

	Changes in cell structure during the formation of root aerenchyma inSAGITTARIA LANCIFOLIA (Alismataceae) -- Schussler ...
		Crenulation of the plasma membrane (arrows) in a cell with a disintegrated tonoplast.
		Cell with disintegrated tonoplast, diluted cytoplasm, and granular material inside of the vacuole.
		sativa with disintegrated tonoplast and concentric circle of membranes (arrows).
	www.amjbot.org /cgi/content/full/87/1/12 (2896 words)

	Plant Physiology Online: Transport Studies with Isolated Vacuoles and Membrane Vesicles
		When tissues are ground in a mortar and pestle or homogenized in a blender, broken pieces of various membranes tend to seal up to form small vesicles less than 1 µm in diameter.
		Because of a low ratio of protein to lipid in the tonoplast membrane, tonoplast vesicles usually have a relatively low density, and they can be separated from other cellular membranes by density-gradient centrifugation (Kawamura et al.
		A steady state is reached when the rate of leakage of protons out of the vesicle equals the rate of transport of protons into the vesicle.
	www.plantphys.net /article.php?ch=t&id=53 (971 words)

	Subcellular localization of host and viral proteins associated with tobamovirus RNA replication (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The simultaneous appearance of NtTOM1, NtTOM2A and the tonoplast marker V-PPase in fractions 4 and 5 in 'Infect 2' (Figure 5C) is in good agreement with the assumption that the TOM proteins are tonoplast proteins.
		Since most tonoplast proteins are synthesized on the ER membranes and transported to the tonoplasts via the Golgi stacks and other compartments (Jiang and Rogers, 1998; 1999), TOM1 found in Fraction M may represent the protein in such intermediate compartments.
		In addition, since most of the previous studies were performed using cells at later stages of tobamovirus infection, it is possible that the excess 130K/180K proteins produced in the infected cells obstructed the detection of the tonoplast-bound replication proteins.
	www.nature.com /cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/emboj/journal/v22/n2/full/7594944a.html (7123 words)

	The AtC-VPS Protein Complex Is Localized to the Tonoplast and the Prevacuolar Compartment in Arabidopsis -- Rojo et al. ...
		of vacuoles and heterotypic fusion of vesicles at the tonoplast
		The protein samples from protoplasts (P) and vacuoles (V) from an Arabidopsis cell suspension were volume-normalized to reflect the organelle redistribution during the vacuole isolation and analyzed by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting with the indicated antisera.
		fusion at the tonoplast (Rieder and Emr, 1997
	www.molbiolcell.org /cgi/content/full/14/2/361 (5337 words)

	PMID: 2859282
		The proton pumps of the plasmalemma and the tonoplast of higher plants.
		Studies on intact cells, membrane vesicles, and reconstituted proteoliposomes have demonstrated in higher plants the existence of an ATP-driven electrogenic proton pump operating at the plasmalemma.
		The characteristics of both these ATP-driven pumps closely correspond to those of the plasmalemma and tonoplast proton pumps of Neurospora and yeasts.
	invention.swmed.edu /cgi-bin/etblast/abstract_local?pmid=2859282 (86 words)

	Tonoplast Intrinsic Protein Isoforms as Markers for Vacuolar Functions -- Jauh et al. 11 (10): 1867 -- THE PLANT CELL
		Tonoplast Intrinsic Protein Isoforms as Markers for Vacuolar Functions -- Jauh et al.
		Colocalization of the antibodies is indicated by the aquamarine color in the merged image.
		Arrows show vacuoles with tonoplasts labeled by both antibodies, as demonstrated by the yellow color in the merged image.
	www.plantcell.org /cgi/content/full/11/10/1867 (6643 words)

	Citrus Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Citrate uptake into tonoplast vesicles from acid lime juice cells.
		Transport of 1-kestose across the tonoplast of Jerusalem artichoke tubers.
		Malate and malate-channel antibodies inhibit electrogenic and ATP-dependent citrate transport across the tonoplast of citrus juice cells.
	www.lal.ufl.edu /crechome/etxeberriaprofile.htm (366 words)

	Monoclonal antibody TeM 106 reacts with a tonoplast intrinsic protein of 106 kDa from Brassica oleracea L -- Dozolme et ...
		Monoclonal antibody TeM 106 reacts with a tonoplast intrinsic protein of 106 kDa from Brassica oleracea L -- Dozolme et al.
		Monoclonal antibody TeM 106 reacts with a tonoplast intrinsic protein of 106 kDa from Brassica oleracea L
		several proteins from the tonoplast, is not eluted from the membrane by KCl
	jcs.biologists.org /cgi/content/abstract/108/4/1509 (346 words)

	Vacuole.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		This is a vacuole with a single surrounding membrane called the tonoplast.
		The tonoplast (vacuole membrane) is an interesting membrane.
		As a cell ages the onset of death is usually associated with tonoplast leakage and breakdown.
	koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu /cell/vacuole.html (180 words)

	Purification and Characterization of Tonoplast ATPase from Etiolated Mung Bean Seedlings -- Wang et al. 90 (2): 475 -- ...
		Purification and Characterization of Tonoplast ATPase from Etiolated Mung Bean Seedlings -- Wang et al.
		Purification and Characterization of Tonoplast ATPase from Etiolated Mung Bean Seedlings
		The tonoplast ATPase from etiolated seedlings of Vigna radiata
	www.plantphysiol.org /cgi/content/abstract/90/2/475 (233 words)

	Database Record-Johnson, Ken
		The 27-kD protein, known as TIP (tonoplast intrinsic protein), was the first plant protein to be identified as an aquaporin (water channel).
		It is widespread among higher plants, exists in several isoforms in each species, and the seed-specific form is subject to control by phosphorylation.
		An intrinsic tonoplast protein of protein storage vacuoles in seeds is structurally related to a bacterial solute transporter (Glpf).
	www.bio.sdsu.edu /faculty/johnson.html (429 words)

	At3g16240 - delta tonoplast integral protein (delta-TIP)
		The following synonyms exist for gene At3g16240 (delta tonoplast integral protein (delta-TIP)): MYA6.10.
		At3g16240 is a homologue of Drip (Aquaporin) from Drosophila melanogaster.
		At3g16240 is a homologue of At2g25810 (tonoplast intrinsic protein, putative) from Arabidopsis thaliana.
	www.pdg.cnb.uam.es /UniPub/iHOP/gg/6233.html (151 words)

	CEPCEB - Center for Plant Cell Biology at UC Riverside
		The cover is an image montage of germinating pollen grains arranged in the form of a running man to convey the astonishing activity of the tonoplast.
		All of the images are of Arabidopsis pollen expressing the tonoplast marker d-TIP::GFP (colored green) and viewed by laser scanning confocal microscopy.
		Using a mutagenized transgenic line expressing a tonoplast localized protein fused to GFP we were able to screen for vacuolar biogenesis mutants using confocal microscopy (Figure 3).
	www.cepceb.ucr.edu /members/raikhel.htm (4441 words)

	The protein storage vacuole: a unique compound organelle -- Jiang et al. 155 (6): 991 -- The Journal of Cell Biology
		Insets show lower magnification images of PSVs from dry tobacco seeds where the globoid cavity and crystalloid are indicated with G and C, respectively, and L indicates lipid in oil bodies adjacent to the PSV.
		(C) Tonoplast from sections as in the A and B; the scale bar is positioned over a globoid cavity, and L indicates oil bodies outside the PSV.
		globules and not the vacuole tonoplast (Xu et al., 2000).
	www.jcb.org /cgi/content/full/155/6/991 (7434 words)

	Glycolipid Modulation of Tonoplast H⁺-ATPase from Cultured Rice (Oryza sativa L. var. Boro) Cells
		We extracted phospholipids, glycolipids, acyl steryl glucoside (ASG), and glucocerebroside (GlcCer) from tonoplast fraction of rice.
		When tonoplast glycolipids or ASG was added in the presence of phospholipids, they decreased the phospholipid-induced activation of the tonoplast H
		Phospholipids, ASG, and GlcCer comprised 35 mol%, 20 mol% and 7 mol% of the total lipids of the tonoplast fraction of cultured rice cells, respectively, and these glycolipid levels were enough to depress the phospholipid-induced activation of the tonoplast H
	abstracts.aspb.org /pb2003/public/P70/0319.html (201 words)

	Sorghum Anthracnose:- Light Microscopy of The Infection Process
		When uninfected cells are treated with a 0.85M solution of potassium nitrate, containing the vital dye Neutral Red, the plasmalemma (P) and tonoplast (T) both contract, and Neutral Red accumulates inside the vacuole (V).
		Note that both the plasmalemma (P) and tonoplast (T) have contracted as in the uninfected cell (a), indicating that the cell is still living.
		Uninfected cells (3) remain viable with both the plasmalemma (P) and tonoplast (T) able to contract, unlike dying cells (4) where only the tonoplast remains able to contract, and dead cells (5) where neither can.
	www.sorghumanthracnose.org /lmcycle.html (519 words)

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		tonoplast - The cytoplasmic membrane bordering the vacuole of plant cells.
		It plays a prominent role in regulating the osmotic pressure exerted by the cell sap.
	www.mongabay.com /igapo/biotech/tonoplast.html (145 words)

	tonoplast - OneLook Dictionary Search
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		tonoplast : Encarta® World English Dictionary, North American Edition [home, info]
		tonoplast : Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary [home, info]
	www.onelook.com /?w=tonoplast (126 words)

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