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	Tontine - LoveToKnow 1911
		This tontine was carried on till 1726, when the last beneficiary died - a widow who at the time of her decease was drawing an annual income of 73,500 livres.
		Several other government tontines were afterwards set on foot; but in 1763 restrictions were introduced, and in 1770 all tontines at the time in existence were wound up.
		Many such tontines were set on foot between the years 1773 and 1789, those of 1 773, 1 775 and 1777 being commonly called the Irish tontines, as the money was borrowed under acts of the Irish parliament.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Tontine (397 words)

	Tontine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A tontine is an investment vehicle which combines features of a group annuity, group life insurance, and a lottery.
		A more innocuous tontine was the subject of a MAS*H episode in which Colonel Potter, the last survivor of his World War I unit, inherits a case of brandy with which to toast the memory of his old comrades.
		A tontine is also used as a plot device in the novel "Seventy Seven Clocks" by Christopher Fowler, and in one of the Dr Syn books.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tontine (451 words)

	Tontine Crescent
		The Tontine Crescent was Bulfinch's attempt to introduce town planning to Boston.
		It was, as time would tell, a far too ambitious project for either the architect since the financial burden of Bulfinch's desire to complete the project almost ruined his family, or the time; the crescent project was demolished fifty years after it was built.
		The Tontine Crescent was inspired primarily by examples Bulfinch had seen in Bath, and Paris, as well as the structures designed by Robert Adam for Portland Place in London.
	www.holycross.edu /departments/classics/wziobro/ClassicalAmerica/TontineHP.html (447 words)

	Home Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Signor Tonti and the birth of the tontine
		Government tontines were sufficiently widespread in Ireland in the 1770's for Sheridan to mock them in his comedy School for Scandal: "I hear he pays as many annuities as the Irish tontine".
		The proliferation of tontines was also important in spurring increased attention to mortality investigations, because achieving adequate equity required a reasonable idea of the tontiners' expected mortality.
	www.got01.dial.pipex.com /tontines (1443 words)

	Tontine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Tontines are neither legal nor illegal, and are often simply outside the terms of reference and normative practices of the mainstream or dominant society.
		Tontine is appealing since it allows the Cambodian subscribers to take the total subscription, partly paid and partly yet to be paid, in advance and it allows a borrower to fix the rate of interest on loans.
		Tontines have lubricated and bridged the gaps between refugees and the formal financial institutions.
	www.cambodia.org.nz /Tontine.htm (6453 words)

	Australian Physiotherapy Association - Tontine Physio Pillows
		Tontine is proud to announce that their Comfortech pillows have been officially endorsed by the Australian Physiotherapy Association.
		Tontine has developed the APA range of pillows, in conjunction with the Australia Physiotherapy Association, to ensure that correct sleeping posture is a possibility for all Australians.
		Tontine Comfortech® Pillows are made from a unique, temperature sensitive foam that moulds to the body contours, to provide superior postural support.
	apa.advsol.com.au /physio_and_health/improve/endorsed/tontine.cfm (394 words)

	Tontine: West's Encyclopedia of American Law
		The holders of tontine life insurance contracts enter into an agreement to pay premiums for a certain amount of time before they gain the right to acquire dividends.
		In the event that a policyholder dies during the tontine policy, his or her beneficiary will be entitled to benefits, but no dividends.
		The earnings that ordinarily would be used to pay dividends are accumulated during the tontine period and subsequently given only to policyholders who are still alive at the end of the term.
	law.enotes.com /wests-law-encyclopedia/tontine (152 words)

	The Straight Dope: What's with tontines, the odd annuities in which you benefit when others die?
		Tontines were dreamed up by a 17th century schemer named Lorenzo Tonti and were adopted by the perennially cash-strapped French court as a way to raise money.
		Tontine subscriptions were sold to the public, with the participants divided into age groups to make it more sporting.
		Even if the tontine were properly run, by the time the number of surviving investors shrank to the point that they were raking in big money, most were too creaky to enjoy it.
	www.straightdope.com /classics/a3_172.html (747 words)

	Job creation and enterprise development - Employment Sector
		The tontine manager is chosen on the basis of personal and financial considerations: he or she must be trustworthy, reliable and respected by all tontine members.
		In company-based tontines the financial sanction is directly deducted from the salary, with the assistance of somebody from the personnel department.
		Tontines are the predominant form of savings in the informal sector: it is estimated that tontines collect several tens of millions of FCFA ($ 33,333 to 100,000) per month in the market of Sandaga.
	www.ilo.org /public/english/employment/ent/papers/wpap-2.htm (4408 words)

	Tontine: An Implementation of Shamir's Secret Sharing Scheme
		Tontine is a secret-sharing implementation, which uses a modified version of Shamir's secret sharing scheme.
		Tontine is written in C++, and uses the STL.
		Tontines were originated by Lorenzo Tonti of Naples, in France in the 1650s.
	www.buttsoft.com /~silly/software/tontine.shtml (321 words)

	Fractional Reserve Banking is a Tontine Policy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The owners of these Tontine schemes saw that their whole world was about to collapse because of the pending legislation regarding their schemes.
		The cunning plot to reinstitute the Tontine scheme at the Federal level in the name of the Federal Reserve is by all means cunning and despicable.
		These EXON are the last survivors of the Tontine swindle, such as George Rapp and his Harmony Society that became the first Tontine court case in America.
	www.worldnewsstand.net /law/Tontines.htm (1863 words)

	Hedge Fund Street: Hedge Fund Tontine increases it’s stake in Duratek
		Tontine Capital Partners LP a Connecticut-based hedge fund has bought up a major stake in Columbia-based Duratek Inc. Duratec is a radioactive and hazardous waste management company.
		Tontine has not disclosed their true intent of purchasing the shares in such high volumes.
		Tontine has often asked the companies to repurchase the shares irrespective of whether they have the cash to pay for it or not.
	www.fundstreet.org /2006/01/hedge_fund_tont_1.html (487 words)

	The Hellbound Web \| Encyclopædia \| "The Tontine"
		Afterwards he set up the "Tontine" where by each year they would meet and take part in a game of Russian Roulette until only one 'beneficiary' was left.
		After their commanders were killed in a German bombing raid they agreed to the "Tontine" and played the first round of the game here.
		The bodies and possessions of the losers of the Tontine were sunk in it.
	www.cenobite.com /encyc/cbh09b.htm (1512 words)

	CBS SportsLine.com Headline - powered by Youbet.com
		Because of persistent heat in his feet, Tontine Too figured to appreciate the synthetic surface that horsemen believe is more forgiving than a standard dirt track.
		Tontine Too, a front-runner, has trained well for his first start since Nov. 25 and catches a field that came up without an overflow of speed.
		Tontine Too, a 4-year-old gelding who won his first three starts before the Cushion Track fiasco, might be the one to catch.
	horseracing.sportsline.com /cbs/headlines/showarticle.aspx?articleId=15919 (440 words)

	TONTINE - Online Information article about TONTINE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Louis XIV., who established a tontine of 1,400,000 livres divided into fourteen classes of roo,000 each, the subscription being 300 livres.
		Many such tontines were set on foot between the years 1773 and 1789, those of 1773, 1775 and 1777 being commonly called the Irish tontines, as the See also:
		English tontine was that of 1789, which was created by 29 Geo.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /THE_TOO/TONTINE.html (707 words)

	UniYatra Blog: Is a "Tontine" a viable retirement investment?
		A tontine [...] is a kind of annuity insurance where a group of people raise capital and then benefit from the interest.
		When death occurs before maturity, the tontine plans pay a death benefit equal to the premiums accumulated at 4% compound interest, subject to a minimum of 110% of the fund value during the first half of the contract term.
		When death occurs, the balance in the investment account is not paid out to the policyholder's estate, but is distributed out at the end of the year to the surviving policyholders of the specific series (a new series starts at the beginning of each calendar year) to which the deceased policyholder belonged.
	www.uniyatra.com /uniyatra_blog/2005/08/is-tontine-viable-retirement.html (506 words)

	Living in a Tontine House
		At the same time the addition of a bathroom was considered very modern and was a vast improvement on the large high-backed tin bath, in which all members of the family had baths in succession on Friday nights.
		This was one of the first bathrooms in the Tontine Buildings, and often children who had fallen into the basin would be brought in to have a cleansing "mustard bath".
		The families who resided in the Tontine Buildings formed a small, closely knit community, similar to that of a village.
	members.aol.com /stourportcivic/tontinehouse.html (1261 words)

	Annuity Museum
		A tontine was a form of group lifetime annuity or lottery which participants bought into with a 300 livre payment to the French government.
		Hamilton's tontine worked the same as the English tontine, except he included an extra provision stating that when only 20 percent of the original participants were still living, payouts to these surviving 20 percent would freeze at their current rate for the remaining lifetimes of the survivors.
		While tontine insurance was a great plan, allowing young people to purchase life insurance and begin a retirement savings account in one instrument, by 1906, corruption led to its demise.
	www.immediateannuities.com /annuitymuseum/tontines (529 words)

	Tontine - Leaders in Insulation - Australia - New Zealand - Batts Leaflet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Tontine Batts not only stop heat and cold, they also provide a sound barrier to reduce outside noise.
		You see Tontine Batts are made from similar material you’ll find in our other products, so if it’s good enough to sleep on, it’s good enough to use in your home.
		Tontine, the trusted Australian name, has been providing Australian families with a wide range of products for over a century.
	www.tontinefibres.com.au /Home-Owners/Batts-Leaflet.asp (392 words)

	Hall of Festivities
		The bells upon his pointed cap jingle merrily for he is a jolly fellow...although you might be uncertain as to whether the smile which plays about his lips really indicates a stifled chuckle at your mode of dress or hesitant approach with stilted stride.
		Tontine is anxious to divulge the knowledge he has garnered through the years and stands ready to direct you onward.
		Perhaps you are searching for the true identity of the jovial chap known as Saint Nicholas...or maybe you are seeking the origin of the celebrations of Halloween.
	www.novareinna.com /festive (300 words)

	UniYatra Blog: Is a "Tontine" a viable retirement investment?
		A tontine [...] is a kind of annuity insurance where a group of people raise capital and then benefit from the interest.
		When death occurs before maturity, the tontine plans pay a death benefit equal to the premiums accumulated at 4% compound interest, subject to a minimum of 110% of the fund value during the first half of the contract term.
		When death occurs, the balance in the investment account is not paid out to the policyholder's estate, but is distributed out at the end of the year to the surviving policyholders of the specific series (a new series starts at the beginning of each calendar year) to which the deceased policyholder belonged.
	uniyatra.com /uniyatra_blog/2005/08/is-tontine-viable-retirement.html (506 words)

	World Wide Words: Tontine
		The tontine is named after Lorenzo Tonti, a Neapolitan banker who started such a scheme in France in 1653, though it has been said that they were known in Italy earlier.
		Each subscriber paid a sum into the fund, and in return received dividends from the capital invested; as each person died his share was divided among all the others until only one was left, reaping all the benefits.
		Tontines were eventually banned in Britain and the USA, because there was too much incentive for subscribers to bump each other off to increase their share of the fund, or to become the last survivor and so claim the capital.
	www.worldwidewords.org /weirdwords/ww-ton1.htm (297 words)

	Home Page for Tontine Cellars
		A tontine is the premise for The Wrong Box, a novel by Robert Louis Stevenson.
		A more innocuous tontine was the subject of a MAS*H episode in which Colonel Potter, the last survivor of his World War I unit, inherits a case of brandy with which to toast the memory of his old comrades.
		Lorenzo de Tonti (1602?-1684?) was a governor of Gaeta, Italy and the Neapolitan banker that invented the tontine.
	www.tontinecellars.com (400 words)

	Bloomberg.com: Worldwide
		Tontine offered as much as $100 million in financing through a Wheeling-Pittsburgh share sale and urged the company to remain independent, the Greenwich, Connecticut-based hedge fund said today in a government filing.
		Tontine is the biggest shareholder of AK Steel Corp., the third-largest U.S. steelmaker by 2005 revenue, with a 10 percent stake as of June 30, according to data compiled by Bloomberg.
		Tontine, CSN and Wheeling-Pittsburgh couldn't be reached for comment.
	www.bloomberg.com /apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=aIissnIygGi0&refer=home (669 words)

	Tontine Fibres company information
		At Tontine Industries we employ a continuing testing and quality programme to ensure that our insulation products maintain the highest standards required by industry and the customer.
		For more than 120 years, Tontine Fibres has been an active and dynamic participant in the development of textile manufacturing in Australia.
		The Australian made Tontine Insulation range has been developed to be easier, safer and more comfortable to work with than conventional insulation, as well as performing across the required thermal range of R values, and being tested for fire performance, respirable fibres, and acoustic properties.
	www.spec-net.com.au /tontine/info.htm (296 words)

	Tontine Coffee House (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Tontine Coffee house is where the NY Stock Exchange was organized.
		The Tontine had a bell system, an inside bath and a spyglass to watch merchant ships arriving in the harbor.
		And it was there that William Van Ness and John Swartwout and 13 democratic republicans nominated Aaron Burr to be the governor of New York State on February Feb. 18, 1804.
	www.aaronburrassociation.org /tontine.htm (384 words)

	Issue of December 20, 2002
		In the 18th century, several European governments adopted the "tontine" system to fund public projects, with the modification that the government (surprise, surprise) was always the "survivor" and got the payout at the end.
		The "tontine" or "last man standing" arrangement was also adopted in various card games, wherein the "pot" accumulated in the course of a game would be awarded to the player who survived all previous elimination rounds.
		My guess is that Grandpa Simpson was using "tontine" in a very loose sense to mean that the members of his unit had decided that the last surviving member would inherit the paintings.
	www.word-detective.com /122002.html (5301 words)

	Tontine Services
		Cameroon Cultural Association is an NPO incorporated in Massachusetts, USA to promote unity and solidarity among members of the association by ensuring that regular meetings are organized through General Assembly, Tontine and other social and cultural events.
		It was a form of Njangi or Tontine that started many centuries in our fatherland.
		The term “Njangi”, also called “Tontine” is not new but has been part of our tradition for centuries.
	www.camculta.com /tontine.htm (510 words)

	GENUKI - Tontine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A Tontine Deed by definition is an annuity taken out by a group of individuals the survivors of which stand to benefit the most.
		In this Tontine, some 180 worthy citizens of Birmingham Warwickshire subscribed an undisclosed sum and agreed to pay the rent on the land which the agreement set aside for the provision of a Public Library for Birmingham.
		It is not clear from the legal clauses to the tontine, just what benefits were expected to accrue to the subscribers - but it is of note that the subscribers nominated very young members of their family presumably in the hope that these youngsters would out live all the others.
	www.genuki.org.uk /big/eng/WAR/birmingham/tontine.html (405 words)

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