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Topic: Topo map

	PDA street forums - Garmin Belgian Topo map
		When you disable it and the topo map is available it is diplayed instead.
		Routing is only possible with CS maps, with the topo maps there is no autorouting because the required data is not available in these maps.
		Or is the topo POI database somehow merged with the CS POI database?
	www.pdastreet.com /forums/printthread.php?t=43677&page=1&pp=15 (513 words)

	SCO Web: Basics of a Topographic Map
		The feature that most distinguishes topographic maps from maps of other types is the use of contour lines to portray the shape and elevation of the land.
		Topo maps of Wisconsin are generally based on one of three Lambert Conformal Conic projections: north, central, and south zones.
		To put horizontal accuracy into perspective, the 1:24,000-scale topo maps are constructed so that at least 90% of features that are "well-defined" in the landscape are positioned within 40 feet (1/30th of an inch at map scale) of their true location.
	www.sco.wisc.edu /maps/TOPObasics.php (1824 words)

	How to Read Topographical Maps
		Map scale represents the relationship between distance on the map and the corresponding distance on the ground.
		The scale on the topo map is found at the bottom center of the map.
		One of the advantages to using a topographical map is that it shows the three dimensional lay of the land.
	www.ghosttowns.com /topotmaps.html (1505 words)

	Trails Illustrated - What's a Topo? (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Topo maps show areas shaded in various colors to represent land cover.
		Areas on a topo map that are shaded green represent vegetation, usually wooded cover (trees) or brush.
		These maps are produced at a scale of 1:24,000 and are commonly known as 7.5-minute quadrangle maps because each map covers a four-sided area of 7.5 minutes of latitude and 7.5 minutes of longitude.
	www.trailsillustrated.com /skills/topo.cfm (1037 words)

	Map and Compass
		The distinctive characteristic of a topographic map is that the shape of the Earth's surface is shown by contour lines.
		The contour interval, a set difference in elevation between the brown lines, varies from map to map; its value is given in the margin of each map.
		Maps are made to scale; that is, there is a direct relationship, a ratio, between a unit of measurement on the map and the actual distance that same unit of measurement represents on the ground.
	www.ussartf.org /topo_map_basics.htm (886 words)

	USGS Topographic Maps - USGS topo Map Scales
		If the scale is reduced to 1:316,800, then 1 inch on the map represents 5 miles on the ground, and an area 100 miles square can be mapped on a sheet less than 2 feet square (100 miles at 5 miles to the inch equals 20 inches, or 1.66 feet).
		Map coverage for most of the United States has been completed at this scale, except for Puerto Rico, which is mapped at 1:20,000 and 1:30,000, and for a few States that have been mapped at 1:25,000.
		Maps at 1:24,000 scale are fairly large and provide detailed information about the features of an area, including the locations of important buildings and most campgrounds, ski lifts, and water mills.
	www.carolinamapdistributors.com /products/topo/mapscales.htm (708 words)

	OA Guide to Map and Compass - Part 1
		All maps will have some basic features in common and map reading is all about learning to understand their particular "language." You'll end up using a variety of maps to plan and run your trip but perhaps the most useful map is a topographic map.
		A topographic map uses markings such as contour lines (see page 00) to simulate the three-dimensional topography of the land on a two-dimensional map.
		The map location is given by the latitude and longitude of the southeast (lower right) corner of the quadrangle.
	www.princeton.edu /~oa/manual/mapcompass.shtml (1112 words)

	how to read a topo map : Search Results : GoodSearch : Search the Internet with GoodSearch and support your favorite ...
		a variety of maps to plan and run your trip but perhaps the most useful map is a topographic map.
		If you hope to use topographic (topo) maps to their full potential for hunting, scouting and managing habitat,...
		Learn how to read and use topo maps in a free e-book before you head off into...
	www.goodsearch.com /Search.aspx?Keywords=how+to+read+a+topo+map (0 words)

	Topographic Maps of Canada, Canada topo maps - Map Town Ltd.
		Canadian topographic maps are available in two scales; 1:50,000 and 1:250,000.
		Map Town sells the most current available editions produced by the Canadian Government and conform to the National Topographic System (NTS).
		Other maps will be required for complete lake coverage.
	www.maptown.com /topographicalmaps.html (350 words)

	Washington DGER: Topographic Map Scales and the General Land Office Grid System
		Map scale is the relationship between distance on a map and the corresponding distance on the ground.
		The 1:250,000 map series is useful for an overall view of an area but is not recommended for back-county use because of the lack of topographic detail.
		Simplified topographic maps of the southwest and northeast quadrants of the state at this scale are available from the Division of Geology and Earth Resources; the southeast quadrant is in preparation.
	www.dnr.wa.gov /geology/glogrid.htm (1013 words)

	Topo Tips (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A topographic map shows the elevation data for a certain part of the earth, in addition to other physical and man-made features.
		The contour interval for this map is 20 feet.
		If you're interested in seeing where topo maps can take you, take a look at my trip reports from the 500 Miles in Yellowstone that I hiked and backpacked during the summers of 1998 and 1999.
	www.cis.ksu.edu /~dha5446/topoweb/guide.html (1703 words)

	Symbology on a Topographic Map
		This USGS topographic map is a large scale map, meaning that on the surface of Earth, it represents a fairly small area.
		The exact scale of this map is 1:24,000 which means that one inch on the map equals 24,000 inches on the ground or 2000 feet.
		Features on the surface of Earth are represented on a topo map, as well as other maps, as points, lines or area features; the designation of which is dependent on scale.
	www2.una.edu /geography/topo_maps/overview.htm (514 words)

	USGS Mapping Information: Topographic Map Symbols -- Reading Topographic Maps
		The first features usually noticed on a topographic map are the area features such as vegetation (green), water (blue), some information added during update (purple), and densely built-up areas (gray or red).
		A map of a relatively flat area may have a contour interval of 10 feet or less.
		Bathymetric contours are shown in meters at intervals appropriate to map scale and coastal profile, and should not be confused with depth curves.
	mac.usgs.gov /isb/pubs/booklets/symbols/reading.html (580 words)

	Reading Topo Maps (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The teams had to use their knowledge of where they were, their maps and their compasses to navigate to the marked locations and find markers we had placed there.
		A contour line on a map is the line you would trace out on the terrain if you were to walk along a path of constant elevation.
		The problem here is in trying to identify a single point on the map to a single point in the world, without considering all the additional shape information that the topo map is providing.
	www.swcp.com /csar/nav_lesson/land_nav.shtml (1046 words)

	Boston.com / News / Local / Vt. / GPS is handy, but map and compass still rule the woods (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Later, the group practiced their new map and compass skills on a high bluff overlooking Lake George, in the southeastern Adirondacks 65 miles north of Albany.
		The novice navigators took compass bearings of surrounding landmarks, converted them to map bearings, and drew triangulation lines to pinpoint their location on the map.
		Proper use of map and compass, on the other hand, forces detailed observation of navigational cues such as a nearby ridge, stream or outcropping that can be located on a topo map.
	www.boston.com /news/local/vermont/articles/2004/07/09/gps_is_handy_but_map_and_compass_still_rule_the_woods (778 words)

	Topo Map Question
		To "orient your map" you simply lay your map on a flat surface, lay your compass on top of it and line the side of the compass up with the grids on your map, then rotate the map until the compass reads north.
		Now your map is aligned to magnetic north, and if you point to a mountain range on the map from where you stand, then if you look up and follow your pointing finger you should see the mountain range...
		Most common hiking topo maps are already drawn so that "magnetic North" is what the grid lines on your map are pointing to.
	www.alpharubicon.com /leo/basictopo.htm (1451 words)

	Mexican topo maps
		Mexican topographic maps are developed by a federal government agency called “Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática” known as INEGI which stands for Mexican Institute for Statistics, Geography and Information.
		The transition is almost over and the maps being produced today are all in ITRF92 but it is likely that for a while you will be able to get maps with both datums.
		The DRG maps in the scale of 1:50,000 are being issued and as of today (September 2003) about 75% of the country is available, as shown in the next image.
	www.bicimapas.com.mx /EnglishEdition/MexicanTopoMaps.htm (629 words)

	Topo Map Software Review - GearReview.com
		Because you view each map separately, it is difficult to go to an area that is between two maps or on a border of a map.
		Topo USA is a move in the right direction for computerized maps, however our testers recommend you get a standard-scale map, such as a USGS quad, for serious navigation where there are no designated trails.
		The state maps are $35.00, and county maps range from $25 to $39 depending on county size.
	www.gearreview.com /topomap99.asp (2720 words)

	Topographic Map Symbols
		The first features usually noticed on a topographic map are the area features, such as vegetation (green), water (blue), and densely built-up areas (gray or red).
		Maps are revised on the basis of jointly developed standards and contain normal features mapped by the USGS, as well as additional features required for efficient management of National Forest System lands.
		Provisional-edition maps were established to expedite completion of the remaining large-scale topographic quadrangles of the conterminous United States.
	erg.usgs.gov /isb/pubs/booklets/symbols (985 words)

	Topo Maps: Frequently Asked Questions
		At a scale of 1/50 000 for example, one unit of measure on the map represents 50 000 equivalent units of measure on the ground.
		A 1/50 000 scale map is highly detailed and covers an area of approximately 1 100 square kilometres or 40 km x 28 km.
		The magnetic declination is calculated for the centre of the map and fluctuates annually; the annual change (increasing or decreasing) is shown on the map.
	maps.nrcan.gc.ca /topo101/faq_e.php (1136 words)

	Topo Map Hoover
		This map was created from new data points that were collected in 2001 by Ray Petering and the staff at ODNR, Division of Wildlife.
		The maps are designed to print on legal-size (8.5 X 14") paper, which will fit into most home printers.
		The maps can be resized to print on normal letter-size (8.5 X 11") if desired, but this will make the details very small.
	fishandtales.net /topomap.htm (699 words)

	How All Topo Maps are Made
		Some maps require hand cleaning to remove background dirt that accumulates while the maps are stored on shelves.
		Next the paper map is scanned on a Graphtec CS2000 large format color scanner at 600 DPI to a RLE (Run Length Encoded) Bitmap using a standard palette.
		The raw map image and the metadata for each map scan in the batch are compressed to a ZIP file and archived on DVD.
	www.igage.com /how_all_topo_maps_are_made.htm (770 words)

	TOPO MAPS Map Academy Platinum Deluxe Software
		Map Academy Platinum is full of features and capabilities that are powerful, easy to use, and with a user friendly interface.
		Zoom in/out on the map from 12% to 400%
		It takes 32 maps used in the Platinum to equal the same amount of area as one map in the Gold edition.
	www.mapacademy.com /platinum.htm (342 words)

	Blue River Parkway Trails - 1934 Topographical Map (Site not responding. Last check: )
		These topological maps are from the United States Department of the Interior's Geological Survey in 1934.
		Please be aware that viewing these maps will require the downloading of a substantially sized file (the size is shown next to the links below).
		The maps cover a large area, so there is no good way to shrink the sizes much more without losing valuable detail.
	home.earthlink.net /~brptrailwatchers/maintopo.htm (158 words)

	The Map Room: A Weblog About Maps
		Meanwhile, Wired carries an AP story about mapping the storm surge from Katrina: surveyors are trying to create an atlas of the storm surge, essentially, to prepare better for the next one.
		Controversial map dealer Graham Arader stirs the pot again in the New York Times (free registration required): “‘I’ve been telling everybody that Forbes is a crook for 20 years, and everybody says to me, “You just think the only good maps are the ones you have,”’ Mr.
		(Maps are more useful when they’re portable.) As for the comparitive creakiness of the web maps, a lot of that has to do with the fact that MapQuest has to look after its existing user base — something that an up-and-comer like Google doesn’t have.
	www.mcwetboy.net /maproom (2107 words)

	Topo Maps \| Topographic Maps \| USGS Topo Map
		Our online topographic maps of the United States let you browse down level-by-level to the exact topo map you are looking for.
		After you click on the US map, you will see the highest level topography maps.
		Pan in any direction or click on the map to re-center then zoom in by selecting a map level above the upper left corner of the topo map viewer.
	www.trails.com /maps.asp (0 words)

	Map Outfitter - Discount Recreational Maps: National Geographic TOPO! New England, National Geographic TOPO! Software, ...
		These USGS 7.5' maps provide essential landmarks such as streams, ponds, buildings and hundreds of other navigation aids that are frequently missing from computer generated “topo” maps.
		Maps it easy to enjoy and use your GPS with a complete set of GPS trip planning tools including the GPS database, USA Place Finder, and customized GPS map grids.
		Live Map Update automatically searches your defined area to see if something new is available, and gives you the tools to quickly download new information to replace older maps and roads.
	www.mapoutfitter.com /proddetail.asp?prod=0792253396 (1412 words)

	Free Shipping - National Geographic TOPO! Arkansas, Louisiana & Mississippi Topo Map Software (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Seamlessly scroll across topo maps for the entire state and regions within Arkansas, Louisiana, or Mississippi, with five levels of map detail.
		Print your topo maps in color or fl and white, include elevation profiles, select latitude/longitude or UTM grids, or choose from a variety of other navigation aids.
		That means that the printed maps are clear and easy to read, with all the detail included in the USGS 1:24,000 and 1:100,000 scale maps.
	www.software-maps.com /topo-arkansas-louisiana-mississippi.htm (852 words)

	SCO Web: Digital Topographic Maps
		Because the features of the topographic maps are of interest for so many purposes, some people have converted them to digital form in various ways.
		Digitizing maps is not a simple matter (nor is it a standardized process), and scanning these map sheets in their full size requires equipment that most of us don't have access to.
		USGS maps are designed to meet the National Map Accuracy Standard.
	sco.wisc.edu /maps/TOPOdigital.php (1550 words)

	Digital International Topo Maps- International Map Products
		DDS, Inc. has topographic map coverage of over 152 countries.
		Our maps are available in a variety of digital formats, scales, resolution, and projections and are fully georeferenced and formatted for all GIS, CAD, and desktop publishing applications.
		If you are unsure about which maps you need, we can provide assistance identifying your coverage area.
	www.usgsquads.com /prod_digital_international_topographic_maps.htm (184 words)

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