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Topic: Topoisomerase

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DNA topology

Supercoil

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	Pea DNA Topoisomerase I Is Phosphorylated and Stimulated by Casein Kinase 2 and Protein Kinase C -- Tuteja et al. 132 ...
		In vitro phosphorylation of pea DNA topoisomerase I by endogenous kinases and its dephosphorylation.
		Pea topoisomerase I is phosphorylated at Ser residue(s).
		The phosphorylation of pea topoisomerase I by endogenous
	www.plantphysiol.org /cgi/content/full/132/4/2108 (4160 words)

	SciMedWeb® - DNA TOPOISOMERASE II ALPHA
		Topoisomerase II from eukaryotic cells catalyzes the relaxation of supercoiled DNA molecules, catenation, decatenation, knotting and unknotting of circular DNA (Watt P.M. and Hickson I.D., 1994).
		Because up-regulation of topo II alpha in vitro and in clinical specimens is associated with increased response to doxorubicin (presumptively by an increase in drug substrate), this may be the mechanism of the increased sensitivity to doxorubicin seen in c-erb-B2-transfected cells (Harris L.N. et al., 1998).
		Topoisomerase II-alpha nuclear immunoreactivity (median 14% of nuclei; range 2-62%) was detected in all tumours with highly variable intertumour and intratumour nuclear reactivity.
	www.geocities.com /m.lacroix/marqueurs/topoiso2.htm (1185 words)

	Topoisomerase - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Topoisomerases (type I: EC 5.99.1.2, type II: EC 5.99.1.3) are enzymes that act on the topology of DNA, discovered by James C. Wang.
		This is not an active process in the sense that energy in the form of ATP is not spent by the topoisomerase during uncoiling of the DNA; rather, the torque present in the DNA drives the uncoiling.
		All topoisomerases form a phosphotyrosine intermediate between the catalytic tyrosine of the enzyme and the scissile phosphoryl of the DNA backbone.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Topoisomerase (800 words)

	Topoisomerase (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Topoisomerase type I cuts one strand and topoisomerase type II cuts both strands.
		Topoisomerase: Topoisomerase is an enzyme that alters the supercoiling of double-stranded DNA.
		Topoisomerase type I cuts one strand whereas topoisomerase type II cuts both strands of the DNA.
	www.horizonpress.com /gateway/topoisomerase.html (117 words)

	InterPro: IPR001241 DNA topoisomerase, type IIA, subunit B or N-terminal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In most eukaryotes, topoisomerase II consists of a single polypeptide, where the N- and C-terminal regions correspond to gyrB and gyrA, respectively; this topoisomerase II forms a homodimer that is equivalent to the bacterial heterotetramer.
		Topoisomerase IV primarily decatenates DNA and relaxes positive supercoils, which is important in bacteria, where the circular chromosome becomes catenated, or linked, during replication [ 6 ].
		Topoisomerase IV consists of two polypeptide subunits, parE and parC, where parC is homologous to gyrA and parE is homologous to gyrB.
	www.ebi.ac.uk /interpro/IEntry?ac=IPR001241 (3845 words)

	Sloan-Kettering - Projects: Topoisomerase I Structure and Mechanism
		Type IB eukaryotic DNA topoisomerases modulate the topological state of DNA by cleaving and rejoining 1 strand of the DNA duplex.
		Insights into the common catalytic mechanism of the type IB topoisomerases and tyrosine recombinases have emerged from the crystal structures of Cre recombinase and human topoisomerase I bound to DNA, the unliganded structures of XerD, lambda Int, HP1 Int, and vaccinia topoisomerase, and the extensive mutational analysis of vaccinia topoisomerase.
		The stereochemical outcome of the net cleavage-rejoining reaction of vaccinia topoisomerase on phosphorothioate-modified DNA is a retention of configuration at the scissile phosphodiester, as expected for 2 serial in-line SN2-type displacements.
	www.mskcc.org /mskcc/html/10424.cfm (1012 words)

	SUMO-2/3 regulates topoisomerase II in mitosis -- Azuma et al. 163 (3): 477 -- The Journal of Cell Biology
		be substrates for conjugation with SUMO-1, and topoisomerase
		Topoisomerase II is modified by SUMO-2/3 during mitosis in unperturbed cycling extracts.
		topoisomerase II from chromatin, or its remodeling on the chromosome.
	www.jcb.org /cgi/content/full/163/3/477 (6486 words)

	Sloan-Kettering - Topoisomerase I Structure and Mechanism: Selected Publications
		(1994) Vaccinia DNA topoisomerase I: single-turnover and steady-state kinetic analysis of the DNA strand cleavage and ligation reactions.
		Petersen BO, Shuman S. (1997) Histidine-265 is important for covalent catalysis by vaccinia topoisomerase and is conserved in all eukaryotic type I enzymes.
		Shuman S. (1991) Recombination mediated by vaccinia DNA topoisomerase I in Escherichia coli is sequence specific.
	www.mskcc.org /mskcc/html/10425.cfm (892 words)

	Chemical & Engineering News: Latest News - New Class Of Topoisomerase
		Topoisomerases are essential enzymes in all organisms, from archaea to eukaryotes, including humans.
		Topoisomerase V was discovered in the archaeal microorganism Methanopyrus kandleri by a group led by Alexei Slesarev, now vice president of RandD at Fidelity Systems, Gaithersburg, Md. (Nature 1993, 364, 735).
		Topoisomerase V cuts single strands and binds to the 3' end of the broken strand, like a IB type, but its active site and overall structure bear little resemblance to those of type IB enzymes.
	pubs.acs.org /cen/news/84/i04/8404notw8.html (755 words)

	Both {alpha} and {beta} Isoforms of Mammalian DNA Topoisomerase II Associate with Chromosomes in Mitosis -- Null et al. ...
		A, isolated chromosomes were analyzed by Western blotting with antibody to topoisomerase II, antibody to topoisomerase IIß, antibody to topoisomerase IIß preincubated with blocking peptide, antibody to topoisomerase IIß preincubated with nonspecific peptide, and a mixture of antibodies to topoisomerase II and ß.
		Topoisomerase II was present in all lanes that contain either chromosomes or interphase nuclei but was not detected in the cytoplasm.
		During prometaphase, topoisomerase II was concentrated at the centromeres (arrows) and along the central axis of the chromosome arms (arrowhead; J–L).
	cgd.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/13/7/325 (5089 words)

	Recruitment of cdc2 kinase by DNA topoisomerase II is coupled to chromatin remodeling -- ESCARGUEIL et al. 15 (12): ...
		Catalytic activity of topoisomerase II is stimulated in the presence of cdc2 kinase independent of topoisomerase II phosphorylation.
		Recruitment of cdc2 kinase to the nucleus in early prophase is mediated by physical association with topoisomerase II and results in altered DNA/topoisomerase II binding.
		A different, not necessarily exclusive, possibility is that topoisomerase II serves to target cdc2 kinase to specific nuclear subdomains, such as the base of chromatin loops, thereby enabling the kinase to phosphorylate substrates such as histone H1 and/or the condensins that (also) are required for mitotic chromatin remodeling.
	www.fasebj.org /cgi/content/full/15/12/2288 (1689 words)

	Cloning, Expression, and Enzymatic Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Topoisomerase IV -- Akasaka et al. 43 ...
		Escherichia coli: topoisomerase I (44), DNA gyrase (11), topoisomerase
		Topoisomerase IV, the other type II DNA topoisomerase, is encoded by the parC and parE genes in E.
		Cloning and characterization of the parC and parE genes of Streptococcus pneumoniae encoding DNA topoisomerase IV: role in fluoroquinolone resistance.
	aac.asm.org /cgi/content/full/43/3/530 (3392 words)

	Recombinogenic Flap Ligation Pathway for Intrinsic Repair of Topoisomerase IB-Induced Double-Strand Breaks -- Cheng and ...
		Topoisomerase IB catalyzes recombinogenic DNA strand transfer reactions in vitro and in vivo.
		Vaccinia DNA topoisomerase I: single-turnover and steady-state kinetic analysis of the strand cleavage and ligation reactions.
		Topoisomerase I involvement in illegitimate recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
	mcb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/20/21/8059 (6007 words)

	Topoisomerase I and II Inhibitors Control Caspase-2 Pre-Messenger RNA Splicing in Human Cells -- Solier et al. 2 (1): ...
		Effect of topoisomerase inhibitors on exon 9 inclusion in wild-type CEM and in CEM/C2 topoisomerase I mutant derivatives.
		Effect of topoisomerase inhibitors on exon 9 inclusion in P388 cells and in P388-45R topoisomerase I-deficient derivatives cells.
		Effect of topoisomerase inhibitors on exon 9 inclusion in HL60 and in HL60/MX2 topoisomerase II mutant derivatives.
	mcr.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/2/1/53 (5474 words)

	Antitumor Activity of ER-37328, a Novel Carbazole Topoisomerase II Inhibitor -- Nakamura et al. 1 (3): 169 -- Molecular ...
		Topoisomerase II was purified from P388 cells as described by
		Supercoiled pBR-322 DNA was incubated with topoisomerase II purified from P388 cells in the presence or absence of an inhibitor.
		Topoisomerase II was detected by Western blot analysis using antibody to topoisomerase II.
	mct.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/1/3/169 (3801 words)

	InterPro: IPR002205 DNA topoisomerase, type IIA, subunit A or C-terminal
		Topoisomerase II (called gyrase in bacteria) primarily introduces negative supercoils into DNA.
		This entry represents subunit A (gyrA and parC) of bacterial gyrase and topoisomerase IV, and the equivalent C-terminal region in eukaryotic topoisomerase II composed of a single polypeptide.
		Berger J.M. Gamblin S.J. Harrison S.C. Wang J.C. Structure and mechanism of DNA topoisomerase II.
	www.ebi.ac.uk /interpro/IEntry?ac=IPR002205 (3621 words)

	Detection of Human Topoisomerase II{alpha} in Cell Lines and Tissues: Characterization of Five Novel Monoclonal ...
		Earnshaw WC, Halligan B, Cooke CA, Heck MM, Liu LF (1985) Topoisomerase II is a structural component of mitotic chromosome scaffolds.
		Gieseler F, Boege F, Clark M (1990) Alteration of topoisomerase II action is a possible molecular mechanism of HL-60 cell differentiation.
		Nitiss JL (1994) Roles of DNA topoisomerases in chromosomal replication and segregation.
	www.jhc.org /cgi/content/full/45/2/251 (5707 words)

	DNA Repair Functions That Control Sensitivity to Topoisomerase-Targeting Drugs -- Malik and Nitiss 3 (1): 82 -- ...
		Evidence that DNA topoisomerase I is necessary for the cytotoxic effects of camptothecin.
		A temperature sensitive topoisomerase II allele confers temperature dependent drug resistance on amsacrine and etoposide: a genetic system for determining the targets of topoisomerase II inhibitors.
		The topoisomerase I poison camptothecin generates a Chk1-dependent DNA damage checkpoint signal in fission yeast.
	ec.asm.org /cgi/content/full/3/1/82 (4735 words)

	TOC Topoisomerase Dissertation (Soaring Bear)
		Topoisomerase inhibiting chemotherapy is most appropriate in cancers containing high levels of topoisomerase.
		Genes of all three known human topoisomerases have neighboring oncogenes and those amplified receptors may be used to target topoisomerase inhibitors to transformed cells.
		The widely accepted model of 5’ attachment to DNA and 5’ overhang is inconsistent with topoisomerase structure; 3’ overhang is more likely.
	members.tripod.com /~soaringbear/topo/Dabst.html (173 words)

	Structure and Hydration of the DNA-Human Topoisomerase I Covalent Complex -- Chillemi et al. 81 (1): 490 -- Biophysical ...
		Topoisomerase enzymes control the level of supercoiled DNA in cells by transiently breaking one or two DNA strands.
		The camptothecin-resistant topoisomerase I mutant F361S is cross-resistant to antitumor rebeccamycin derivatives: a model for topoisomerase I inhibition by indolocarbazoles.
		Identification of mutations at DNA topoisomerase I responsible for camptothecin resistance.
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/81/1/490 (6042 words)

	Human topoisomerase II{alpha} nuclear export is mediated by two CRM-1-dependent nuclear export signals -- Turner et al. ...
		Human topoisomerase II{alpha} nuclear export is mediated by two CRM-1-dependent nuclear export signals -- Turner et al.
		Human topoisomerase II nuclear export is mediated by two CRM-1-dependent nuclear export signals
		for topoisomerase II alpha at amino acids 1017-1028 and 1054-1066,
	jcs.biologists.org /cgi/content/abstract/117/14/3061 (371 words)

	Other Proteins: DNA Topoisomerase I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The DNA Topoisomerase I (Topo I) catalyzes nicking of supercoiled covalently closed circular DNA and subsequent religation of the single-stranded break (1).
		Inhibitors: alkaloids and some other drugs inhibit Topoisomerase I specifically by forming ternary complex DNA-drug-enzyme (2-4).
		Osheroff, N., Biochemical basis for the interactions of type I and type II topoisomerases with DNA, Pharmacol.
	www.fermentas.com /catalog/modifyingenzymes/dna_topoisomerase_i.htm (424 words)

	Hoechst 33342-Induced Apoptosis is Associated with Decreased Immunoreactive Topoisomerase I and Topoisomerase I-DNA ...
		Hoechst 33342-Induced Apoptosis is Associated with Decreased Immunoreactive Topoisomerase I and Topoisomerase I-DNA Complex Formation -- Zhang and Kiechle 31 (2): 187 -- Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science
		Hoechst 33342-Induced Apoptosis is Associated with Decreased Immunoreactive Topoisomerase I and Topoisomerase I-DNA Complex Formation
		1; and (3) an inhibition of nuclear endogenous topoisomerase
	www.annclinlabsci.org /cgi/content/abstract/31/2/187 (339 words)

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