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Topic: Torah redactor


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In the News (Tue 15 Dec 09)

  
  Torah - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Torah
Jews believe that the Torah was a renewal of God's covenant with his people, and that by observing the guidelines laid down in the Torah, they fulfil their part of the covenant with God.
The word Torah may also be used either to describe the whole collection of Jewish written and oral scriptures, or all the books in the Hebrew Bible, including the Torah (first five books), Nevi'im (books of the prophets), and Ketuvim (remaining books such as Psalms).
For Orthodox Jews the Torah is to be obeyed, and it is not for humans to offer their opinion of the relative worth of the laws.
encyclopedia.farlex.com /Torah   (537 words)

  
 Torah, Pentateuch, Taurah
Torah (a Hebrew word meaning "instruction"), in its broadest sense, refers to the entire body of Jewish teaching incorporated in the Old Testament and the Talmud and in later rabbinical commentaries.
The Torah, in the latter sense, is preserved on scrolls kept in the ark of every synagogue; reading of the Torah is central to the synagogue service.
A special holiday in honor of the Torah, known as Simhath Torah (Hebrew, "rejoicing in the Law"), is celebrated in the synagogue by singing, and marching and dancing with the scrolls.
mb-soft.com /believe/txs/torah.htm   (959 words)

  
 Torah redactor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
According to classical Judaism, particularly Orthodox Judaism, the entire notion of "redactors of the Torah" based on the documentary hypothesis is false and misleading.
Many scholars think that the redactor, R, was Ezra, as he was the priest empowered by the Persian emperor to arbitrate and assert the state religion.
However, a few stories appear to have had parts cut to improve the flow between two narratives, such as the Heresy of Peor (Numbers 25), in which the end of the JE version and the start of the P version appear to be missing.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Torah_redactor   (693 words)

  
 Who Wrote the Torah?
Bluethread feels that it is important for amateur Torah scholars to have a basic understanding of the documentary hypothesis in order to be able to evaluate the positions of commentors who are grounded in it.
The events that are central to both traditions' versions of the Joseph story, are that Joseph is cast into the pit by his brothers, is taken from the pit and carried to Egypt and sold as a slave, and that his subsequent actions ultimately account for the twelve tribes residing in Egypt.
The Torah comes to us with that story intact, demonstrating the hand of God in bringing us to the point at which we are ready to observe the plagues that demonstrate God's power and for the eventual revelation at Sinai.
www.bluethread.com /whowrotetorah.htm   (792 words)

  
 The Torah   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
"Torah" is a Hebrew word for "law", referring to the laws God gave the Hebrews to live by.
The early parts of the Torah are part of primeval history (also known as pre-history).
Traditionally, the authorship of the Torah was attributed to Moses.
home.comcast.net /~mr.polselli/torah.htm   (948 words)

  
 WoC :: Sources - Seferim HaTorah (Books of the Law)
Ultimately, the divinely infused life of Master Mosheh was a vehicle for the renewal and enlivenment of the underlying mystical spirituality regarding the absolute unity of existence and the primacy of unconditional devotion and love for the Divine that had faded in the hearts of Israel.
It was derived by using the twenty-two letter format of the old Hebrew alphabet, with letter forms synthesized from the familiar alphabets of the Palmyrene and Nabataen dialects of Aramaic extant in Palestine at that time.
Hence, the written Torah is one such "translation"Hence, the first sentence of the extant Hebrew Torah, written as a sequence of letters not broken down into words, would be: oratavmymshtammyhlaarbtysarb.
www.workofthechariot.com /TextFiles/Sources-Torah.html   (1712 words)

  
 Who wrote the 5 books of Moses? (a.k.a. the Pentateuch, the books of the Law, the Torah)
Finally, by the end of the 19th Century, liberal scholars reached a consensus that 4 authors and one redactor (editor) had been actively involved in the writing of the Pentateuch.
In the case of the creation stories, the first legend was written by P. Part way through chapter 2, J takes over and describes a second story.
In the case of the Noahic Flood, from Genesis 6:5 to 8:22, the redactor has taken a different approach.
www.religioustolerance.org /chr_tora1.htm   (1518 words)

  
 Seth Schwartz   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
These texts, they claim, represent only the viewpoint of the text’s redactor; any attempt to generalize from the text’s statement to the redactor’s wider society or to accept as factual the history remembered in the text is inherently fraught with danger.
In the Judean case, the code was the Torah and the religious center, Jerusalem and its Temple.
Even if people accepted the symbolic centrality of Torah (which can be more or less demonstrated), we know neither to what extent they lived their lives by its dictates, or whether, in doing so, they interpreted the text’s teachings uniformly.
www.bc.edu /bc_org/research/cjl/reviews/Imperialism.htm   (1693 words)

  
 Thunder from Sinai: Chapter 1, Mishna 14, Essay 21
The study of Torah is a guide and a support to navigate thru the traps of life.
The study of Torah without practice is only half a mission, notwithstanding the primacy of the study of Torah.
The mission of the person who studies and practices Torah is to join with his fellow man and by the force of his magnetism, bring him also towards the same goal for which he strives...
www.messiahtruth.com /mishna21.html   (767 words)

  
 Straight Dope Staff Report: Who wrote the Bible? (Part 1)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
The Redactor sometimes put the different authors' stories one after the other (as with the creation stories) and sometimes interwove them (as with the two stories of Noah's Flood and of Joseph's mistreatment by his brothers).
The Redactor in all likelihood knew nothing of the prior 500 year history of authorship and honestly believed the material he was editing had all been handed down from Moses.
The famous legal code of Hammurabi, often cited as a source for the laws of the Torah, declared that chopping off a man's hand was suitable punishment for stealing a loaf of bread.
www.straightdope.com /mailbag/mbible1.html   (3115 words)

  
 [No title]
(B) Some phrases in the Torah are anachronisms that could not have been written by Moses.  Noticed by Abraham ibn Ezra and others, some rabbis admit that these sections of the Torah were written by Joshua, or perhaps by some later prophet.
As a gross over-simplification of that perspective, analysis of the Torah reveals four separate strands or sources, each with its own vocabulary, its own approach and concerns." These four sources are known as J, E, P and D. (Rosemarie E. Falanga and Cy H. Silver.
The official Torah commentary of the Conservative movement is "Etz Hayim", edited by Rabbi David Liber.  It directly addresses these issues in a number of essays.
www.seedwiki.com /wiki/conj/documentary_hypothesis?wpid=550554   (1379 words)

  
 Cross-Currents » Who wrote the Torah?
It is a theory that the Torah was not given to Moshe by G-d but was written by a variety of human authors over a period of time, and later all those variations were (clumsily) folded into one by a hypothetical Redactor.
While this does not “prove” the Divine authorship of the Torah, it does strongly support R’ Menken’s contention that it would have been very difficult for a human to have written the Torah and then to have presented it to the entire Jewish people as the word of G-d without the people demurring.
My argument against the Documentary Hypothesis is that their supposed Redactor would have had to be a very clumsy editor, to retain different versions of the same event instead of choosing the better version (eg., two accounts of Creation in the first two chapters of the Torah—well explained by Rashi of course).
www.cross-currents.com /archives/2005/12/16/who-wrote-the-torah   (1835 words)

  
 [No title]
Overall, then, the redactor limits a husband’s obligation to have sex with his wife before departing on a journey to the cases when he is leaving for a “voluntary” journey twelve hours before his wife expects her period.
Theologically, the redactor cannot escape the conclusion that “marriage” is good; but he also cannot ignore the feeling that in the reality and practice of the academy, marriage is a mixed bag.
Both the redactor and the Babylonian amoraim perceive a conflict between married life and Torah study, and both are free in their criticism of marriage.
pup.princeton.edu /chapters/DAB/sent/069100255X.html   (17001 words)

  
 Documentary hypothesis - Article from FactBug.org - the fast Wikipedia mirror site
Some classical rabbis drew on their observations to postulate that these sections of the Torah were written by Joshua or perhaps some later prophet.
A rabbinic tradition states that at this time (440 B.C.E.) the text of the Torah was edited by Ezra, and there were ten places in the Torah where he was uncertain as to how to fix the text; these passages were marked with special punctuation marks called the eser nekudot.
He argued that the "hexateuch," (including the Torah or Pentateuch, and the book of Joshua) was written by a number of people over a long period.
www.factbug.org /cgi-bin/a.cgi?a=61345   (4214 words)

  
 Mishnah
The tragic aftermath of the Bar-Kokhba uprising saw the complete destruction of Jerusalem by the Romans, and the devastation of the region of Judea, the southern portion of the Land of Israel that had hitherto been the main centre of Jewish religious leadership.
It is clear from the internal evidence of the Talmud that the teachings of the Rabbis continued to be studied orally throughout the Talmudic era, and this continued to be the practice in the Babylonian academies well into the middle ages.
The Mishnah's redactor, who had studied with most of the important teachers of the previous ("Usha") generation, assembled early redactions that had been shaped in various different academies, combining them into a new and integrated work.
www.ucalgary.ca /~elsegal/TalmudMap/Mishnah.html   (1375 words)

  
 Chayei Sara
The defilement of insects is one of the main categories of the Torah and it is derived only from an extra verse expression (Genesis Rabbah 60, 11).
There he argues that the kind of storytelling that we are familiar with in the Chumash is the way people used to tell stories or teach legal precedent.
He applies the talmudic statement "dibra Torah k'lshon bnei adom", originally used narrowly regarding repetitions of words to the entire narrative structure of Chumash.
www.aishdas.org /midrash/5765/chayeiSarah.html   (655 words)

  
 On Bible Criticism and Its Counterarguments
This was due to the fact that the Torah was primarily concerned with the knowledge of God and the sanctification of life, not with astronomy or geology.
Scientific statements in the Torah and later prophets have to be understood as parables and analogies and not as primitive scientific statements.
Scribes who prepared Torah scrolls were and are required to use a copy of the traditional Torah text as a source and are prohibited from writing a scroll from memory.
www.aishdas.org /toratemet/en_cardozo.html   (8017 words)

  
 Sukkot
It is customary in some communities for all the scrolls of the Torah to be removed from the ark and lead this procession.
Both during the night service and the morning service in Orthodox synagogues, all the Torah scrolls are removed from the ark and all the worshippers engage in rounds of spirited dancing.
In the Former Soviet Union, Simchat Torah was the day on which Jews gathered in the street outside the synagogue to dance and proclaim their Jewishness openly.
www.bigdates.com /holidays/sukkot.asp   (2659 words)

  
 Thoughts on the Documentary Hypothesis   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
The Documentary Hypothesis is sometimes used as justification for the non-observant movements, while the idea the Torah came directly from Moses is a keystone to Jewish faith.
The belief that Moses wrote the Torah and communicated the words of G-d is based entirely on faith.
Torah commentators explain the obvious discrepancies without resorting to the theory of four different authors, and some would claim the “Moses/G-d wrote it” theory is simpler than the multiple author theory because it only requires the use of one author and coincides with existing tradition, the Oral Torah, and other related beliefs.
www.uglx.org /documentary-hypothesis   (1592 words)

  
 Schiffman: Temple Scroll and Halakhic Pseudepigrapha
Yadin argued against this claim by saying that this author thought he was presenting the true law, and that there was no reason to assume that his activity was any more bold in his literary stance than that of the original editors of the Pentateuch.
It is perfectly possible that the work of the redactor involved eliminating Moses from these sources, and that he accidentally allowed the oblique references to slip through.
Hence, he describes these texts as "Pseudo-Deuteronomies" or "Deutero-Deuteronomies." Strugnell notes the presence in the Torah of texts in which the "I" is God and refers to the Temple Scroll which he later terms a "divine pseudepigraphon." He suggests that there may be ideological links between these two types of pseudepigraphical writing.
orion.mscc.huji.ac.il /symposiums/2nd/papers/Schiffman97.html   (4206 words)

  
 Documentary hypothesis - ExampleProblems.com
Although the hypothesis is widely accepted (the Vatican itself estimates that 90% of academics in the field of biblical scholarship support it), it has a substantial number of critics—especially conservative evangelical Egyptologist Kenneth Kitchen and scholar Gleason Archer, but also among critical scholars such as R. Whybray.
The oral traditionalists, the first of whom was Hermann Gunkel (the "father of form criticism"), viewed the narratives of the Torah as originally being handed down orally in the form of sagas, much like the Iliad or Odyssey, passed down by word of mouth by an illiterate people.
This point of view has been represented by Scandinavian scholar Ivan Engnell who believes the whole of the Torah was transmitted orally into the post-exilic period, at which point it was written down in a single document by an author whose attributes match those ascribed to the Redactor P of the documentary hypothesis.
www.exampleproblems.com /wiki/index.php/Documentary_hypothesis   (4849 words)

  
 Business Ethics Dvar Torah on Parshat Shelach Lecha, from the Center for Business Ethics and Social Responsibility   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
G-d created the world in such a way that these needs and wants were to be satisfied by human endeavor and provided the religious framework through the Torah whereby such endeavor would be moral and an expression of a religious way of life.
However, it was placed by Judah HaNasi, redactor of the Mishnah in Nezikin, the seder that contains the commercial, constitutional and civil and criminal law of Judaism.
Meir Tamari is the former chief economist of the Office of the Governor at the Bank of Israel, and the founder of the Center for Business Ethics and Social Responsibility.
www.besr.org /dvartorah/tamari/shelach.html   (1007 words)

  
 <biblicalriddles2>
In Deuteronomy 7:7, the Torah describes the people of Israel as "the fewest of all peoples." In 7:17 it notes that the seven Canaanite nations are (each) "more numerous" than the Hebrews.
Further, as the Torah itself repeatedly describes the land, it's not urban but rural, pastoral, agricultural, and low-density.
As for the pronouncements of modern "experts" that the Torah's account of the Exodus is mythic, let them consider it again in the light of these numbers.
www.rainbowcovenant.org /pages/biblicalriddles2.htm   (2684 words)

  
 Module 2: Who Wrote It
The origins of Torah are one thing, its life through the centuries another, and its ability to speak to us today yet a third.
After we explore the origins of the Torah and its life through the centuries, we will turn our attention to its ability to speak to us today.
This may have been to make the Torah more accessible to the community of Jews who had adopted the Aramaic language (as well as the script).
www.kolel.org /torahstory/module2/page1.html   (1146 words)

  
 Parshat Bamidbar 5766 - Special Features - OU.ORG
Historically not all the kings of Israel abided by the laws of the Torah.
He concludes by saying, “therefore it appears to be the halacha that all those laws dealing with taxes and real estate taxes and customs duties, the law of the land must be followed, for this is part of the doctrine of Dina D’Malchusa Dina).
R. Yosef concludes with a note that says in essence that it is essential that the authorities be made aware that according to halacha it is prohibited to levy a tax on Torah scholars who engage in Torah studies.
www.ou.org /torah/tt/5766/bamidbar66/specialfeatures_jewishlaw.htm   (1044 words)

  
 Petuchowski on revelation
Modem scholarship is said to prove that this could not have been so, that, on the contrary, the Torah is a compilation of documents composed during several centuries.
The information that it was not Moses… who wrote the Torah merely shows-if the claim can be fuIly substantiated-that the Jew in the past was not too familiar with the literary history of his own people.
If we follow this line of reasoning to its logical conclusion, we must arrive at a point in Jewish history when the Pentateuch as a whole (in the form in which it left the hands of its last redactor) was accepted as divine revelation by the people.
www.adath-shalom.ca /petuch.htm   (702 words)

  
 Union for Reform Judaism - Volume 7 Week 1
Most modern readers agree that the first two chapters of Genesis contain divergent versions of human creation.  In Genesis 1-2:4, an unspecified number of unnamed human creatures, male and female, are simultaneously created by God's word, in the divine image and likeness (Gen 1:26-27).
In this sophisticated monotheistic narrative, credited to the Priestly source of Torah traditions, human beings constitute the ultimate act of God's creation of “Heaven and earth and all their array (2:1).
Most rabbinic interpreters assumed that the male and female created in the divine image in Genesis 1 were the Adam and Eve of Genesis 2:4-3.
urj.org /torah/ten/eilu/v7w1   (763 words)

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