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Topic: Tordesilhas Line

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	United States and Brazil: Navigation and Discovery / Brasil e Estados Unidos: Navegações e Descobrimentos
		This imaginary vertical line, the Tordesilhas Line, intersected South America from the mouth of the Amazon River to Santa Catarina, ran from pole to pole, cut through the easternmost part of the South American continent, and constituted Brazil's first frontier.
		Thus, the Tordesilhas Line and Cabral's landing in eastern South America ensured the emergence of a Portuguese enclave in the Americas.
		It replaced an earlier line established by the edict of Pope Alexander VI and sanctioned by Pope Julius II.
	international.loc.gov /intldl/brhtml/br-1/br-1-2.html (825 words)

	Treaty of Tordesillas - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The lines ambiguously drawn by the Treaty of Tordesillas dividing the globe between Spain and Portugal.
		The line was not strictly enforced â” the Spanish did not resist the Portuguese expansion of Brazil across the meridian.
		Although both countries agreed that the line should be considered to be running around the globe, dividing the world into two equal halves, it was not clear where the line should be drawn on the other side of the world.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Treaty_of_Tordesillas (772 words)

	Missões de Paz
		In fact, when looking at a map of Brazil with the straight Tordesilhas line and sickle of the Treaty of Madrid, the impression is that Spain gave a lot away: after all, around two thirds of the national territory consists of land outside Tordesilhas.
		This was not a debate on the occupation of the Amazon nor of other regions west of the Tordesilhas line, especially during the rule of the Iberian Union, that is, 1580 to 1640.
		The desire of the Portuguese government was to have a clear idea of the location of the occupied territories in relation to the Tordesilhas line, especially after the recent advances into the Midwest (Mato Grosso).
	www2.mre.gov.br /missoes_paz/ing/capitulo1.html (9541 words)

	Colonial Brazil - Iridis Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In 1530 there was a new expedition from Martim Afonso de Souza to patrol the entire coast, banish the French, and to create the first colonial towns: São Vicente at the coast, and São Paulo on the border of the altiplane.
		In the 16th century, the territory of Brazil was officially limited on the west side by the Tordesilhas meridian.
		Although the royal family returned to Portugal in 1821, the interlude led to a growing desire for independence amongst Brazilians, In 1822, the son of Dom João VI, then prince-regent Dom Pedro I, proclaimed the independence, September 7, 1822, and was crowned emperor.
	www.iridis.com /Colonial_Brazil (884 words)

	Colonial Brazil - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The discovery of Brazil was preceded by a series of treaties between the kings of Spain and Portugal, the last of them is the Treaty of Tordesilhas, signed in 1494, creating the Tordesilhas Meridian, that divided the world between that two kingdoms.
		The treaty of Tordesilhas was arguably the most decisive event in all Brazilian history, since it alone determined that the country was settled by Portugal instead of Spain.
		He was in fact preceded by Vicente YÃ¡Ã±ez PinzÃ³n who discovered the Amazon river months earlier on January 26, but if the Amazon is now part of Brazil it was then west of the Tordesilhas Line, therefore actually Spanish.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Colonial_Brazil (1162 words)

	Treaty of Tordesillas - Iridis Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Naturally the Portuguese King John II was not happy, so he opened negotiations with King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain to move the line to the west, arguing that the meridian would extend all around the globe - limiting Spanish control in Asia.
		Although the line extended into Asia, at the time accurate measurements of longitude was impossible so uncertainties arose.
		The line was not strictly enforced - the Spanish did not resist the Portuguese expansion of Brazil across the meridian.
	www.iridis.com /Treaty_of_Tordesillas (399 words)

	Treaty of Tordesillas : Treaty of Tordesilhas
		The remaining exploring nations of Europe such as France, England, and the Netherlands were explicitly refused access to the new lands, leaving them only options like piracy, unless they (as they did later) rejected the papal authority to divide undiscovered countries.
		With the voyage around the globe of Magellan, a new dispute was born.
		Although both countries agreed that the line should be considered to be running around the globe, dividing the world in two equal halves, it was not clear where the line should be drawn on the other side of the world.
	www.factspider.com /tr/treaty-of-tordesilhas.html (390 words)

	viana-reduced-txt
		The bilge is supported directly on two inclined planks erected under the bilges: inclined both at the angle deemed necessary for the hull to slide, which might be steeper than the original line of keel blocks [8], but also transversely to match the angle of the bilge, giving a dihedral effect.
		This would provide the primary means of securing the stability of the hull during launching, provided the sliding planks did not move under the loads applied, either vertically, or sideways under the inevitable wedging action.
		The origin of the English term dagger for this context was apparently unknown in the early nineteenth century, and it may conceivably be a phonetic corruption from the dragas of these cradles.
	home.clara.net /rabarker/viana-reduced-txt.htm (9017 words)

	Encarta - free-definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Portuguese claim to Brazil stemmed in part from the Treaty of Tordesillas, which Portugal and Spain had signed in 1494 with the pope 's blessing.
		With a few exceptions, the Portuguese laid claim to conquered territories to the east of the line, along the African coast; Spain laid claim to territories to the west of the line.
		In this case, the definition of the obsolete length unit "league" are disputed.
	www.free-definition.com /Encarta.html (1819 words)

	Colonial Brazil (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The treaty of Tordesilhas was arguably the decisive event in all Brazilian history since alone determined that the country was settled Portugal instead of Spain.
		In 1530 there was a new expedition from Afonso de Souza to patrol the entire banish the French and to create the colonial towns: São Vicente at the coast and São Paulo on the border of the altiplane.
		Its subsequent expansion beyond line was a natural consequence of the from the part of the South American allotted to them by the treaty the found their way inland blocked by the Andes the mountains of Northern Brazil and mighty Parana River and could not oppose Portuguese expansion west of the treaty line.
	www.freeglossary.com /Colonial_Brazil (1022 words)

	Brazil - BRAZZIL - Thomas Skidmores Scans Five Centuries of Brazil - Brazilian History - March 1999 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Everything to the west of the dividing line was to be Spanish, everything to the east was to be Portuguese.
		This treaty moved the line of demarcation between what was to be Spanish and what was to be Portuguese 270 leagues to the west—not very much of a difference.
		On today's map, that imaginary line goes from the mouth of the Amazon through the coast of the present-day state of Santa Catarina, giving the Portuguese dramatically less territory than is occupied by present-day Brazil.
	www.brazzillog.com /pages/blamar99.htm (5588 words)

	CRADLES OF NAVIGATION
		Its significance for a conference on the Treaty of Tordesilhas and the limits of land and sea was obvious.
		Judged solely on the lines in the plate as reproduced there appear to be longitudinal standing ways ending under the bilge, in the Dutch fashion, but real detail is not discernible.
		The first layer are the longitudinal corps-morts, on which transverse grillages are placed, with shorter pieces between them in three lines to maintain their separation, the entremises and clefs, the whole being tree-nailed together, and the result is reminiscent of the grade in Fernande s.
	home.clara.net /rabarker/launch-berlin-final-fn-web.htm (19875 words)

	Treaty of Tordesillas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Naturally the Portuguese King John II was not happy so he opened with King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain to move the line the west arguing that the meridian would all around the globe - limiting Spanish in Asia.
		Although countries agreed that the line should be to be running around the globe dividing world in two equal halves it was clear where the line should be drawn the other side of the world.
		In both countries claimed that the Moluccas (important as a source of spices) lay in their half of the After new negotiations the Treaty of Saragossa of April 22 1529 decided that the line should lay leagues west of the Moluccas.
	www.freeglossary.com /Treaty_of_Torsedillas (685 words)

	GUARANI KAIOWA E ÑANDEVA :: Encyclopedia :: Indigenous Peoples in Brazil :: ISA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		It was delimited by the vague Treaty of Tordesilhas, which allowed for varying interpretations on the locations of the border.
		The "Province of Guairá" was located between “the Paranapanema, Paraná, Iguaçu rivers and the vague demarcatory line that divided Portuguese and spanish lands, imposed by the Treaty of Tordesilhas, and corresponding in area to approximately 85% of the present territory occupied by the State of Paraná" (Blasi, 1977: 150).
		The expulsion of the Jesuits from the region at the beginning of the 17th Century was an important event for the Guarani population because it mobilized the “reduced” Indians, which also had repercussions for those who had not been under the guidance of the priests, thus setting into motion a redimensioning of the colonial reality.
	www.socioambiental.org /pib/epienglish/guarani_kaiowa/hist.shtm (1770 words)

	Talk:OlivenÃ§a - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		I had a quick glance at the article, and with the time line at the end it is not clear to me, when Spain was invaded by Napoleon.
		The idea I got was that the Spanish king was removed by the French (let's say by Napoleon) and substituted by his brother Pepe Botella.
		In the time line I always read "Spain did this" and "Spanish troops did that", but at least Spaniards I spoke to feel about the time around 1800 like their country being under the lead of some Napoleonic puppet government.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Oliven%E7a (1020 words)

	United States and Brazil: Timeline / Brasil e Estados Unidos: Cronologia
		Treaty of Tordesilhas divides lands Europeans had newly discovered between Portugal and Spain.
		Treaty of Madrid, based in part on 1746 map, marks abandonment of the Treaty of Tordesilhas and adoption of uti possidetis (possession by occupation) to settle boundaries.
		The meridian line of Alexander VI was the demarcation between lands claimed by Spain and Portugal.
	lcweb2.loc.gov /intldl/brhtml/br-1/br-1-1.html (2419 words)

	United States and Brazil: Historical Foundations / Brasil e Estados Unidos: Fundamentos Históricos
		By the end of the fifteenth century Portugal and Spain were aware of the existence of lands across the Atlantic Ocean and shared the ambition to conquer them.
		[Historical and geographical description on the demarcation of the Meridian line between the domains of Spain and Portugal…], Jorge Juan, 1749.
		Para evitar futuros conflitos, as terras a serem descobertas foram divididas entre os dois países pelo tratado de Tordesilhas assinado em 1494.
	lcweb2.loc.gov /intldl/brhtml/br-1/br-1.html (1249 words)

	Colonial Brazil -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The treaty of Tordesilhas was arguably the most decisive event in all Brazilian history, since it alone determined that the country was settled by Portugal
		He was in fact preceded by Vicente Yáñez Pinzón who discovered the Amazon river months earlier on January 26, but if the Amazon is now part of Brazil it was then west of the (Click link for more info and facts about Tordesilhas Line) Tordesilhas Line, therefore actually Spanish.
		The place where Cabral arrived is now known as (Click link for more info and facts about Porto Seguro) Porto Seguro ("safe harbor"), and is located in the state of (Click link for more info and facts about Bahia) Bahia.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/co/colonial_Brazil.htm (930 words)

	Tordesilhas Line - Result for Tordesilhas Line - Meaning of Tordesilhas Line - Definition of Tordesilhas Line - ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Tordesilhas Line - Result for Tordesilhas Line - Meaning of Tordesilhas Line - Definition of Tordesilhas Line - Dictionary of Meaning - www.mauspfeil.net
		The '''Tordesilhas''' Line was estabilished by the Treaty of Tordesilhas in the 15th century XV century with papal endorsement, partitioning the non-Christian world then to be discovered between Portugal and Spain.
		There you find a list of all editors and the possibility to edit the original text of the article Tordesilhas Line.
	www.mauspfeil.net /Tordesilhas_Line.html (178 words)

	Treaty_of_Tordesillas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Image:Spainport.GIFthumbThe lines ambiguously drawn by the Treaty of Tordesillas dividing the globe between Spain and Portugal.
		In 1481 the papal '' Bull Aeterni regis '' had granted all land south of the Canary Islands to Portugal.
		In particular, both countries now claimed that the Moluccas — the fabled Spice Islands, important as a source of spice s — lay in their half of the world.
	q-basic.xodox.de /Treaty_of_Tordesillas (708 words)

	[No title]
		The impressive amount of foreign investments made in the country in the last few years are in line with the strong, traditional presence of international companies in Brazil’s leading industries, such as telecommunications, chemical and pharmaceutical, automotive and mechanical, besides those in many services sectors.
		The positive response of Brazil to the currency crisis was due, among other factors, to the restructuring of the banking sector and the strengthening of prudential regulation and financial regulation undertaken since 1995.
		In line with the opening up of the economy and the strengthening of the macroeconomic conditions for stability and growth, the Brazilian government has carried out important economic reforms to develop the infrastructure and enhance the productivity and competition in various services, utilities and industrial sectors.
	www.go4brazil.com /store/menu.asp (3882 words)

	- Brazil Programs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Equator line crosses Brazil at the Northern region; the Tropic of Capricorn crosses the country at the Southeastern region.
		In the course of the Portuguese discoveries during the 15th and 16th Centuries, the Portuguese navigators were aware of the existence of land across the Atlantic, West of the Portuguese route to the Indies (down the West African coast).
		This imaginary line, from pole to pole, crossed the Eastern portion of South America and constituted the first border of Brazil, although the formal discovery, by Portuguese navigator Pedro Alvares Cabral commanding a 12-vessel fleet, occurred only six years later, in 1500.
	www.brazilprograms.com /brazil.html (4732 words)

	História de Brasil, descobrimento da America, Tratado de Tordesilhas, Caxias, Revolucão Farroupilha, ...
		The preoccupation in retaking the paths of memory became the guiding line for carrying out the commemoration efforts and reproduces the principle that has oriented the urban changes which made Curitiba a model city, thanks to the creativity and efficacy of solutions that the city has been finding for its social and economic problems.
		O Tratado de Tordesilhas impediu um conflito entre as duas nações ibéricas e consagrou o princípio da livre movimentação de conquista e exploração, desses dois países, nos domínios reservados.
		Previously, in 1493, Pope Alexander VI had already issued an edict defining a line from the North Pole to the South Pole (meridian) at 100 leagues from the "Cabo Verde" archipelago.
	www.italysoft.com /brasil/brasil.htm (3118 words)

	Chronology, 1492-1769
		The Treaty of Tordesilhas was signed on June 7.
		The previous year Pope Alexander VI had declared that Portugal was entitled to lands east of a line drawn 100 leagues west of the Azores and Cape Verde and that Spain was entitled to the lands lying west of that line.
		The Portuguese were unwilling to accept this demarcation, and the treaty set the line at some 370 leagues from Cape Verde.
	www.loc.gov /rr/hispanic/portam/chron1.html (1371 words)

	Laguna
		Located at 120Km to the south of Florianópolis, Laguna served as reference to the "Tordesilhas Treaty", agreement between Portugal and Spain, that divided into slices their expansionist interests.
		Laguna has, approximately 12 beaches, and one of the most popular is the "Praia do Mar Grosso" (Rough Sea Beach), due to its infrastructure with hotels, restaurants and bars.
		Tordesilhas Mark: on June 7, 1494, it was signed between Portugal and Spain the Tordesilhas Treaty, that stablished a dividing line at 370 leagues from west of Green Cape, passing on the north, in Pará and on the south, in Laguna.
	www.viagensmaneiras.com /viagens/lagunaING.htm (438 words)

	Creation Brazil: pursuit of leisure and natural beauty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		With thirteen ships and about 1200 men, eight religious persons of S.Francisco and eight clergymen, the largest fleet until then organized in Portugal left Lisbon on March 9, 1500, with the mission of founding a colony in India.
		The following are a few lines of these letters.
		He believed that he had arrived to the Paradise: he wrote "I believe that if you cross the equinoctial line you will arrive in the Paradise on earth ".
	www.jeepclubehorizontina.com.br /creation-brazil.htm (1868 words)

	Encarta - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The globe has multiple surfaces displaying political boundaries, physical landmarks, and statistical information.
		One can selectively display different sized cities, various geological or man-made features and reference lines in a map.
		The maps contain hyperlinks to related articles ("Map Trek") and also supports a "Dynamic Sensor" that provides the latitude, longitude, placename, population and local time for any point on the globe.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Microsoft_Encarta (899 words)

	Emboabas' War
		The Emboabas' War, or Guerra dos Emboabas in the Portuguese language, was a war waged in the early 18th century between two generations of Portuguese settlers in the vice-kingdom of Brazil, then merely the Capitania de São Vicente.
		Starting from the village of São Paulo dos Campos de Piratininga, the Bandeirantes had explored all of current Brazil, effectively taking advantage of the union of the Crowns of Portugal and Spain from 1560 to 1640 to incorporate all the former Spanish territories then west of the Tordesilhas Line, now part of Brazil.
		Their goal was to capture new Indian slaves -- this put them in conflict with the Jesuits ' Reductions --, recapture runaway slaves and mainly find precious metal and stones.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/emboabas__war (298 words)

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