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	Torque converter - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This rotation of the radial chambers on the inner surface of the pump imparts a centrifugal radial flow to the fluid in the converter, which causes hydraulic fluid to strike the outer edges of the turbine.
		A torque converter differs from a simple fluid coupling by the addition of a stator, a disc with fan-like blades connected to the transmission via a fixed shaft with a one-way clutch that allows it to rotate only in the opposite direction of the fluid's radial motion.
		Torque capacity is a function of the diameter of the converter housing, the volume of hydraulic fluid, available cooling, seal strength, and the materials used for the construction of components such as shafts and bearings.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Torque_converter (1316 words)

	Automatic Transmission: Torque Converter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Purpose: The torque converter, connected to the transmission/transaxle input shaft, connects, multiplies and interrupts the flow of engine torque into the transmission.
		Maintenance Tips/Suggestions: The torque converter does not require any regular maintenance or adjustments, but it may be possible to change the transmission fluid in the converter through draining (if equipped with a drain) or with a transmission flushing and filling machine.
		Torque converter problems fall into two categories: 1) problems within the torque converter itself, or 2) problems within the torque converter clutch.
	www.carcarecouncil.org /Auto_Transmission/torque_converter.shtml (461 words)

	Torque Converter Service, Larry Carley, Brake & Front End, September 2000
		Torque converters are often a mystery to those not familiar with the inner workings of automatic transmissions.
		The hydraulic lockup that occurs is not the same as the mechanical lockup that occurs in a torque converter equipped with a computer-controlled mechanical clutch.
		The stall speed of a torque converter is determined by its diameter and the size of the stator wheel.
	www.babcox.com /editorial/bf/bf90054.htm (3097 words)

	FORDMUSCLE.com webmagazine - Emerald Torque Converter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Torque converters are somewhat of a mystery, and their function can be difficult to understand.
		A torque converter works the same way, but uses fluid rather than air, and several other components to actually multiply the energy and create a mechanical advantage.
		A torque converter consists of four major components, a rear cover (impeller), a turbine, a stator, and a front cover.
	www.fordmuscle.com /archives/2000/09/converter (1102 words)

	2002 Honda Civic EX Coupe JMO Torque Converter - Honda Tuning Magazine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		One of the goals of JMO's torque converter modifications is to increase the stall speed.
		The goal of JMO's torque converter mods is to raise the stall speed of the transmission (the speed at which the engine revs against the converter when the brake is held) and quicken shifts.
		The torque converter is clearly visible through the hole for the starter.
	www.hondatuningmagazine.com /tech/0211ht_2002_honda_civic_ex_coupe_jmo_torque_converter (1235 words)

	Precision Industries - Stallion Torque Converters
		The torque multiplication on the 9.5-inch series is 2.53 to 1 compared to stock at 1.93 to 1.
		The 9.5-inch torque converters are tremendously efficient for daily drivers looking to enhance the performance of their cars with out sacrificing driveability.
		The 9.5-inch non lock-up torque converter weight is between 24 to 26 pounds and the lock-up converter weight is between 32-36 pounds.
	www.converter.com /stallion.htm (302 words)

	Performance Torque Converters for GM, Ford and Dodge - Torque Converter
		The multi-clutch converters are a must for applications that are locking-up the torque converter under wide open throttle.
		This is a 10 inch torque converter with a very large 12 inch clutch, not recommended for a diesel motor or heavy trucks with superchargers.
		This torque converter stalls at 2500 RPM and comes with furnace brazed fins, all bearing construction, is balanced and has a heavy duty damper clutch.
	www.partshp.com /Converters.htm (2354 words)

	Services
		All converters are rebuilt with the "Torque Converter Rebuilding System" known as TCRS.
		Torque Converter Works guarantees all competition converters to be free from defects in workmanship and materials for a period of one year from the date of purchase.
		During warranty period Torque Converter Works will repair or replace any part that is determined to be defective due to workmanship or materials.
	www.torqueconverterworks.com /Services.htm (214 words)

	Torque Converter 101 :: Monster Motorsports
		The torque converter is a separate entity from the transmission and serves three primary functions.
		On the perimeter of the converter not attached to the engine, the torque converter's turbine is connected to the transmission's input shaft.
		The torque converter also allows a vehicle's engine to disengage from the differential so the vehicle can stop advancing while the engine is still running and the transmission is in gear.
	www.racetransmissions.com /techpages/converter101.html (450 words)

	B&M Torque Converter Dyno - Tech Article - Chevy High Performance Magazine
		A torque converter is the mechanism that couples the engine’s rotational force to an automatic transmission.
		To accomplish this, the torque converter relies on a component called a stator, which increases the output torque by redirecting the oil flow into the impeller’s inlet fins in the same rotational direction as the engine.
		After measuring the torque output on the dyno, we can assign a value or ratio to the torque multiplication by using the equation: output torque / input torque = torque ratio.
	www.chevyhiperformance.com /techarticles/93918_b_m_torque_converter_dyno (1307 words)

	Performance Torque Converter Install by Auto Media
		The torque converter is actually a misnomer—it should be called the "torque multiplier" because it doesn't simply provide a one-to-one connection to the transmission like a clutch does with a manual transmission.
		Pro Torque custom machines the internal components to provide the correct stall speed (slip), and the company also modifies the unit for increased durability by furnace-brazing the impeller and turbine vanes in place in addition to installing a larger ceramic-impregnated lock-up clutch.
		A torque converter is something a well-equipped do-it-yourselfer can do if he has a transmission jack and the means to raise the vehicle up high enough to use it.
	www.automedia.com /Performance/Torque/Converter/Install/a/pht20000811tc/1 (1206 words)

	B&M Torque Converter Dyno Review - Tech Article - Chevy High Performance Magazine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Torque converters and stall speed largely remain a mystery to many hot rodders because so many variables can affect a converter's performance.
		Many hot rodders will think that their engine is making much more torque than it is. Many high-performance engines lack low-speed torque because of long-duration cam timing, which means a torque converter with higher stall speed is needed for optimal acceleration.
		The stator also incorporates a one-way clutch assembly to allow this process to occur when the converter is at stall, and to overrun when the converter is 90 percent coupled hydraulically.
	www.chevyhiperformance.com /techarticles/148_0204_b_m_torque_converter_dyno_review (1512 words)

	torque converter parts and torque converter solutions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A look at why torque converters are the ideal application for needle thrust bearings and an explanation of the closely controlled operating environments and conditions necessary for these precise devices to function properly.
		Description: A comparison of the types of converter clutch friction materials, and tips for identifying the friction materials in use and determining which valve or component may be causing a slip code.
		An explanation of converter regulator valves and their relation to oil circuits, valve and application identification, an analysis of how they operate, test procedures to perform on them, and the effects of wear on the valves.
	www.torqueconverterparts.com /tech_all.htm (1742 words)

	The Torque Converter
		The Torque Converter was typical of the way in which George Constantinesco worked, the first model emerged from a purely mathematical analysis of the problem to be solved, followed by a mathematical solution translated into a working drawing.
		Other models to demonstrate the principle of the Torque Converter were made in Meccano by schoolboys and other enthusiasts during the 1920s, an example of which is shown in figs 19 and 20 applied to a model car chassis.
		The Torque Converter mechanism was driven by a Meccano electric motor connected to the input eccentric by a chain.
	fluid.power.net /fpn/const/const005.html (4696 words)

	Torque Converters (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The torque converter is the piece that connects the output of the engine to the input shaft of the transmission.
		With such a low stall torque converter, the 250+ HP V6 won't be able to break the tires loose on the street.
		Through the use of fins on the inside of the torque converter and transmission fluid getting pumped into the converter at fairly high pressures, the input and output speeds of a torque converter can be vastly different, or the same.
	www.gnttype.org /techarea/transmission/converters.html (732 words)

	Torque Converter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A Torque Converter is fluid-filled case that contains a set of turbines - there is an input turbine that is driven by the engine, an output turbine that connected to the transmission's input shaft, and a stator turbine between them that directs and controls the flow of the fluid.
		The stall speed of a torque converter needs to be carefully matched to the torque curve of the engine it will be used with.
		Since the fluid in the torque converter is ATF supplied by the transmission, wear particles and/or bits and pieces of a blown-up transmission will end up in the converter, thereby destroying it.
	autopro.8k.com /torqueconverter.html (610 words)

	Torque Converter Installation Instructions
		Each time the converter is installed without sanding out the crankshaft rust, removing the paint from converter pilot and adding a little grease, the converter may be drawn up crooked with the first bolt.
		This may cause the converter to run-out and usually ruins the pump bushing.
		This is the distance between the engine block mating surface and the converter mount mating surface on the flywheel or flexplate.
	www.partshp.com /ConverterInstructions.htm (453 words)

	Tech Procedure: EM Civic Torque Converter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		It supplies companies like Veilside in Japan with torque converters for modified vehicles, and it's not uncommon to see the company featured in magazines such as Option2.
		A torque converter is a fluid coupling between the engine and automatic transmission that allows the transmission to stay in gear when the car is stopped.
		JMO modifies the various blades and vanes inside the torque converter to improve the efficiency of this fluid transfer.
	www.hondatuningmagazine.com /tech/0211_converter/index.html (586 words)

	Honda's Torque Converter: How it Works - 2003 Honda Rincon - ATV at Off-Road.com
		A torque converter transmits torque even when a vehicle is idling, causing some amount of forward motion, or "creep" to occur.
		In a similar fashion, a torque converter incorporates a driven impeller to pump a fluid that drives the turbine portion of the torque converter.
		The other key component within a torque converter is the stator, which redirects fluid flow within the torque converter to create torque multiplication.
	www.off-road.com /atv/reviews/quads/2003rincon/converter.html (930 words)

	TCW Home Page
		With the right transmission and torque converter combination, you will launch better and are less likely to lose traction.
		Torque Converter Works can rebuild any type of converter to your specifications, and with Jim's racing experience he can help you to select the stall and slip that best fits your performance needs.
		Torque Converters are all we do, they are not a sideline.
	www.torqueconverterworks.com (131 words)

	Racing Torque Converter - Tech — Torque Converter Parts — Circle Track
		Dummy converters, or as some people call them, hollow converters, are quickly becoming a popular item with stock class short-track teams.
		A torque converter is a fluid-coupling device that also acts as a torque multiplier during initial acceleration.
		The stator, which changes fluid flow between the turbine and pump, is what makes a torque converter a torque converter (multiplier) and not a fluid coupler.
	www.circletrack.com /techarticles/general/ctrp_0503_racing_torque_converter_tech/index.html (561 words)

	THE HERD: Torque Converter Upgrade
		Aftermarket converters are available in even higher stall speeds, but the factory 2025 rpm converter is an excellent, low cost upgrade that offers a very noticeable effect on performance without being too radical.
		What I have found is that GM only sells torque converters as what are called remanufactured units, but depending on the converter application you order, you may actually get a new converter instead of a rebuilt unit.
		Remember this is a factory 298mm (11.73") torque converter with a TCC (Torque Converter Clutch) and is a direct replacement for the factory unit.
	www.theherd.com /articles/torque.html (969 words)

	1996 Chevy Impala SS - Pro Torque Converter Install - GM High-Tech Performance
		The torque converter's inspection cover comes off by removing the four bolts with a 13mm socket...
		Then the three converter bolts are attacked with a 15mm end wrench and a flywheel tool.
		With a stock torque converter, there is usually enough room here to slip a finger between the two to make sure the converter is seated.
	www.gmhightechperformance.com /tech/0310htp_1996_chevy_impala_ss_pro_torque_converter_install (1573 words)

	2.972 How a Torque Converer Works
		Because it has angled fins, the reactor experiences a torque in the opposite direction as the impeller and turbine.
		A torque converter is found directly between the engine and the transmission gear housings on cars and trucks with automatic transmission.
		The significance of the torque converter is that it allows the output shaft to be stopped with out stalling the engine, and without physically disconnecting the input and output shafts.
	web.mit.edu /2.972/www/reports/torque_converter/torque_converter.htm (389 words)

	Racing Torque Converter - Tech — Gutted Torque Converter — Circle Track
		Basically, a dummy torque converter consists only of a direct front pump drive inside a "gutted out" converter.
		A stock-working converter consists of the impeller, the stator, the turbine, and the front.
		The weight difference of a working converter and a dummy unit is a major consideration.
	www.circletrack.com /techarticles/general/ctrp_0503_racing_torque_converter_tech/gutted_torque_converter.html (497 words)

	Sorting out Torque Converter Confusion – Part Three
		It is possible to have a good elapsed time and high trap speed, but still have a torque converter that is all wrong for your car.
		Typically, 100 RPM of torque converter slippage equates to a loss of 1-1/2 MPH through the traps.
		One thing we should point out is this: Not all torque converter companies actually build their own converters — they buy some or all of them built to spec from a mass producer.
	www.competitionplus.com /05_20_2004/converter_confusion.html (836 words)

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