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Topic: Torture

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	Stop. Investigate. Prosecute. - Amnesty International
		If governments use torture and other ill-treatment, they resort to the tactics of terror.
		Both torturers and terrorists deny and destroy human dignity.
		Stop abductions and Close Guantánamo are two of the main objectives of Amnesty International's campaign against torture and terror.
	web.amnesty.org /pages/stoptorture-index-eng (0 words)

	Ask Amnesty: Torture
		Any approval of torture by the U.S. - including extradition of suspects to countries where they are likely to face torture - sends a dangerous message of tolerance of torture that will be heard around the world.
		Amnesty International's 40 years of experience fighting torture shows that once torture has been legitimized, even on a small scale, the use of torture, cruel, inhuman and degrading practices inevitably expands to include countless other victims, and ultimately erodes the moral and legal principles on which society depends.
		Join Amnesty International in urging President Bush to make an unequivocal statement condemning torture, calling for an investigation into recent reports that the United States Government may condone and even commit acts of torture, and ensuring that anyone responsible for torture is prosecuted and punished in accordance with US and international law.
	www.amnestyusa.org /askamnesty/torture200112.html (952 words)

	Human Rights Learning Centre: Study Guide on Torture, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment
		Torture is consequently prohibited by international customary law whether it is committed on a widespread and systematic basis and, therefore, a crime against humanity, or committed against a single victim.
		The prohibition of torture is also an obligation for the entire international community, which all states have a right to enforce through the exercise of universal jurisdiction over suspects found in their territory.
		Torture is prohibited under article 7, which states "no one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.
	www.hrea.org /learn/guides/torture.html (5253 words)

	Torture - Uncyclopedia, the content-free encyclopedia
		One of the gayer forms of torture is the tickling of the feet, often using feathers or the back-ends of small furry animals.
		One might think this form of torture is preferable to, for instance, beating, or fire, but this is not the case; the emasculation and humiliation endured during this form of torture is enough to make even the manliest of manly men weep like a little girl, and nobody likes a crybaby.
		This is a particularly cruel form of torture in which the victim is locked inside a crazy, spike-filled, body-shaped chamber and forced to listen to the music of Hilary Duff, or Enya for hours and hours on end.
	uncyclopedia.org /wiki/Torture (1706 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Torture is the infliction of severe physical or psychological pain as a means of cruelty, intimidation, punishment, for the extraction of a confession or information.
		The Inquisition was famous for the use of torture; judicial torture was abolished in France at the beginning of the French revolution.
		Torture remains a popular method of repression in totalitarian regimes, terrorist and organized crime, and is frequently used by democratic governments as well.
	wikiwhat.com /encyclopedia/t/to/torture.html (984 words)

	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Torture (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Torture is the infliction of severe physical or psychological pain or grief as an expression of cruelty, a means of intimidation, deterrent, revenge or punishment, or as a tool for the extraction of information or confessions.
		Torture was abolished in England about 1640 (except peine forte et dure which was only abolished in 1772), in Scotland in 1708, in Prussia in 1740, in Russia in 1801.
		Other torture methods could include the rack (stretching the victim’s joints to breaking point), the thumbscrew, the boot (crushing the foot and leg), water (massive quantities of water forcibly ingested), and the medieval red-hot pincers, although it was technically against church policy to mutilate a person's body.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /Torture (4407 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Torture murder
		Torture murder is a loosely defined legal term to describe the process used by murderers who kill their victims by slowly torturing them to death over a prolonged period of time.
		Torture murder is considered one of the most vicious crimes in existence, due both to its premeditated nature and the general attitude of those who commit torture murder; a total disregard for another's life and a feeling of pleasure from inflicting pain on others.
		Torture murder may also be a legal act of a state, especially in nations which employ torture as a means of interrogation.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Torture_murder (544 words)

	Torture - WikiThePresidency (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Use of torture at Abu Ghraib prison is a matter of record.
		Arar was tortured in Syria, the pain so great that Arar said that "not even animals could withstand it" and "you forget the milk that you have been fed from the breast of your mother" -- an Arabic expression.
		Conspiracy to commit torture is likewise punished, except for the death penalty.
	www.wikithepresidency.com /index.php/Torture (1452 words)

	Torture - TvWiki, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Torture is is the infliction of severe physical or psychological torment as an expression of cruelty, a means of intimidation, deterrent, revenge or punishment, or as a tool for the extraction of information or confessions.
		Torture murder is a term given to the commission of torture by an individual or small group, as part of a sadistic or murderous agenda.
		Such murderers are often serial killers, who kill their victims by slowly torturing them to death over a prolonged period of time, and is usually preceded by a kidnapping where the killer will take the victim to a secluded or isolated location.
	www.tvwiki.tv /wiki/Torture (4912 words)

	Denounce Torture: Denounce Torture Blog
		Amnesty International describes dozens of cases of individuals subjected to torture and ill-treatment in Jordan, ten of whom appear to be victims of the United States' renditions program.
		Among the organization's recommendations to the Jordanian government is curtailing the powers of the GID and ensuring a separation of power -- both in law and in practice -- between the authorities responsible for detention of suspects and those responsible for interrogation and ceasing Jordan's participation in renditions and other secret transfers of prisoners.
		Torture weapons are only so effective, and it is a shame that...
	blogs.amnestyusa.org /denounce-torture (1726 words)

	UN Convention Against Torture (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In the event of the death of the victim as a result of an act of torture, his dependents shall be entitled to compensation.
		Each State Party shall ensure that any statement which is established to have been made as a result of torture shall not be invoked as evidence in any proceedings, except against a person accused of torture as evidence that the statement was made.
		If the Committee receives reliable information which appears to it to contain well-founded indications that torture is being systematically practised in the territory of a State Party, the Committee shall invite that State Party to co-operate in the examination of the information and to this end to submit observations with regard to the information concerned.
	www.hrweb.org /legal/cat.html (4622 words)

	Torture
		For many groups and individuals engaging in torture, children may make especially inviting targets because of their relative lack of size and strength, their tendencyæespecially when very youngæto be dependent on adult authority, and the belief that children are more likely to be dismissed as unreliable witnesses whose accounts of torture will not be believed.
		Although both men and women may be tortured, targeted, or threatened because of their words or acts (e.g., speaking out against a repressive regime or trying to rescue those who are being tortured), women may also be harmed or endangered because of the words or acts of their husbands, male blood relatives, or other relationships.
		Torturers and those who condone their methods in these circumstances see a stark choice of conflicting rights: Either recognize the individual's right to avoid torture, thus seeming to ensure the impending deaths of hundreds, thousands, or more, or engage in physical and psychological torture to save lives.
	kspope.com /torvic/torture-abst.php (6078 words)

	Torture (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
		Nevertheless, in the case of the torture of human beings it is in practice impossible to inflict extreme physical suffering of the kind endured by the victims of torture without at the same time intentionally curtailing the victim's exercise of his autonomy during the torturing process.
		Torture is: (a) the intentional infliction of extreme physical suffering on some non-consenting, defenceless person; (b) the intentional, substantial curtailment of the exercise of the person's autonomy (achieved by means of (a)); (c) in general, undertaken for the purpose of breaking the victim's will.
		Torture is not normally used by the police, and indeed it is unlawful to use it.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/torture (9708 words)

	USATODAY.com - Cheney pushes senators for exemption to CIA torture ban (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Cheney told his audience the United States doesn't engage in torture, these participants added, even though he said the administration needed an exemption from any legislation banning "cruel, inhuman or degrading" treatment in case the president decided one was necessary to prevent a terrorist attack.
		McCain, who was tortured while held as a prisoner during the Vietnam War, is the chief Senate sponsor of an anti-torture provision that has twice cleared the Senate and triggered veto threats from the White House.
		The vice president made his appeal at a time Congress is struggling with the torture issue in light of the Abu Ghraib prison scandal and allegations of mistreatment of prisoners at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba.
	www.usatoday.com /news/washington/2005-11-04-cheneytortureban_x.htm (771 words)

	Conspiracy to Torture
		Torture is about acts: the blow to the head, the scream in the ear, the scar-free injuries whose diagnosis has become an international medical subspecialty.
		But torture is also very much about words: the whispered or shouted questions of the interrogator; the muddled confession of the prisoner; the too rarely tested language of laws protecting prisoners from "cruel, inhuman or degrading" treatment.
		The new torture complex--centered in the executive branch of the government but with tentacles throughout the country--is the subject of this special issue, which spotlights both collusion and resistance in key American institutions: the military, the law, medicine, media, the academy.
	www.thenation.com /doc/20051226/editors (1210 words)

	Legalizing Torture (washingtonpost.com)
		THE BUSH administration assures the country, and the world, that it is complying with U.S. and international laws banning torture and maltreatment of prisoners.
		But, breaking with a practice of openness that had lasted for decades, it has classified as secret and refused to disclose the techniques of interrogation it is using on foreign detainees at U.S. prisons at Guantanamo Bay and in Afghanistan and Iraq.
		Torture itself was narrowly redefined, so that techniques that inflict pain and mental suffering could be deemed legal.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-dyn/articles/A26602-2004Jun8.html (553 words)

	Human Rights Watch - Torture - Abuse of Detainees - Iraq - Afghanistan
		Every investigation we undertake, every advocacy campaign we embark on, and every report we produce is paid for solely by generous contributions from individuals and foundations.
		Torture or other cruel, inhuman, or degrading practices should be as unthinkable as slavery.
		I write to ask you to act immediately to end the use of torture or other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment of detainees by U.S. forces or contractors.
	www.hrw.org /campaigns/torture.htm (928 words)

	Torture
		That is because the use of torture degrades the torturer to the level where he no longer deserves to be regarded as a human being.
		Or if one wishes to be generous, no longer deserves to be regarded as a human being except as one who is depraved, mentally ill, or has lost all conception of the minimal standards required to be acknowledged as a human.
		The Bush Administration’s perpetual attempt to redefine the law, subjects, and scope of the obligation not to torture has convinced many that the primary casualty of the "war on terror" is the protection of human rights.
	www.serendipity.li /hr/torture.htm (2427 words)

	Research and Investigations: Torture
		Health professionals can use their training in diagnosis to detect signs of torture, even when these signs are subtle or not evident to traditional investigators.
		Sowing Fear: The Use of Torture and Psychological Abuse in Chile, an early report based on several years of research in Chile, demonstrated powerfully how repressive military forces tortured citizens not only to destroy the individual physically and psychologically, but also to terrorize the community around the victim.
		In its most comprehensive study of torture, Torture in Turkey and its Unwilling Accomplices, published in 1996, PHR concluded not only that torture in that country was widespread and systematic, but that Turkish law enforcement officials coerce physicians to conceal findings of physical abuse of prisoners.
	www.phrusa.org /research/torture/index.html (470 words)

	LEGAL STANDARDS APPLICABLE UNDER 18 U.S.C. §§ 2340-2340A
		The term "torture," in United States and international usage, is usually reserved for extreme, deliberate and unusually cruel practices, for example, sustained systematic beating, application of electric currents to sensitive parts of the body, and tying up or hanging in positions that cause extreme pain.
		In light of the President's directive that the United States not engage in torture, it would not be appropriate to rely on parsing the specific intent element of the statute to approve as lawful conduct that might otherwise amount to torture.
		In the August 2002 Memorandum, this Office indicated that an element of the offense of torture was that the act in question actually result in the infliction of severe physical or mental pain or suffering.
	www.usdoj.gov /olc/18usc23402340a2.htm (7161 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Middle East \| Iraq torture 'worse after Saddam'
		Torture may be worse now in Iraq than under former leader Saddam Hussein, the UN's chief anti-torture expert says.
		It concludes that torture threatens "the very fabric of the country" as victims exact their own revenge and fuel further violence.
		Mr Nowak said he would like to visit Iraq in person, but the current situation would not allow him to prepare an accurate report, because it would not be safe to leave Baghdad's heavily guarded Green Zone where the Iraqi government and US leadership are situated.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/middle_east/5368360.stm (461 words)

	CNN.com - Dershowitz: Torture could be justified - Mar. 3, 2003
		If torture is going to be administered as a last resort in the ticking-bomb case, to save enormous numbers of lives, it ought to be done openly, with accountability, with approval by the president of the United States or by a Supreme Court justice.
		The prohibition on torture is one of the basic, absolute prohibitions that exists in international law.
		They ended up torturing on the theory that -- well, it may not be the terrorist, but it's somebody who knows the terrorist or it's somebody who might have information leading to the terrorist.
	edition.cnn.com /2003/LAW/03/03/cnna.Dershowitz (1390 words)

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