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Topic: Total defence

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In the News (Thu 16 Feb 12)

EXECUTIVE POWER

Iran

ANALYSIS

Pakistan

Family compact

	Freezing the Defence Budget
		The total increase between the budgets of 1999-2000 and 2000-2001 was 8.7 percent.
		The total impact of the defence budget for the year 2000-2001 was a decrease of about Rs 16 billion owing to the rate of inflation.
		The allocations for defence are not arbitrary figures arrived at by the toss of a coin or based on the whims of an individual.
	www.defencejournal.com /2001/july/freezing.htm (1491 words)

	Ministry of Defence of Finland :: Total Defence
		Total defence encompasses the whole of society by offering a possibility to use the resources of different sectors of society to maintain security.
		The Security and Defence Committee, the Secretariat of which is situated in the Ministry of Defence, assists both the Ministry of Defence and the Cabinet Committee on Foreign and Security Policy in matters related to total defence.
		National Defence Courses, organised by the National Defence College prepare both the civilians and military persons in the leading positions of society to act under the principles of total defence.
	www.defmin.fi /?l=en&s=6 (308 words)

	Total Defence
		Total Defence Day Programme at MTV was organised primarily for students.
		SCDF's anchor programme for Total Defence Day 2001 was its distribution of the new Civil Defence emergency handbook to 950,000 households island-wide on 17 and 18 February 2001.
		The Civil Defence Heritage Gallery traces fire fighting and civil defence developments in Singapore from the late 1800s till modern day, and is intended as a twin vehicle for showcasing the Singapore Civil Defence Force's (SCDF) proud and long history, as well as heightening public awareness of civil defence.
	www.scdf.gov.sg /Community_and_CD_Volunteers/Community_Preparedness/total_defence.html (2071 words)

	Total defence
		The total defence is to defend Sweden against armed attack, assert our territorial integrity, contribute to peace and security in the world around us and strengthen Swedish society in times of severe peacetime emergencies.
		Civil defence is not an organisation; it consists of a diverse range of activities conducted by society to strengthen its capacity to deal with heightened alert and war.
		The objectives of civil defence are to protect the civilian population, contribute to peace and security in the world around us and strengthen societys ability to prevent and manage severe peacetime emergencies.
	www.regeringen.se /sb/d/4187/a/27415 (379 words)

	$1b boost for defence - theage.com.au
		Defence spending has jumped nearly $1 billion to fund the military's highest level of operations since Vietnam and meet the threat of increasing global instability.
		Defence tactical assault and response capabilities will be effectively doubled to meet the heightened terrorist threat, he said.
		Defence's strategic analysis, included in the budget papers, says that the chances of a major attack on Australia remain remote, but that the threat of terrorist and other attacks, such as cyber-sabotage, are increasing.
	www.theage.com.au /articles/2002/05/14/1021002448812.html (704 words)

	7 Invitees - Lithuania
		The defence of Lithuania is based on the principle that the Lithuanian armed forces will deter and defend the sovereignty, territorial integrity and constitutional order of Lithuania in conjunction with the Allied Forces.
		The ultimate goal of Lithuanian defence reform is the creation of small, modern, well-equipped forces, which are mobile, deployable and sustainable, capable to participate in the full-spectrum of Alliance operations.
		The Ministry of National Defence (MoND) is responsible for the formulation and implementation of defence policy, consistent with the security objectives of the Republic of Lithuania, and the strategic management of defence resources.
	www.nato.int /invitees2004/lithuania/defence.htm (1062 words)

	Total defence
		The total defence is to defend Sweden against armed attack, assert our territorial integrity, contribute to peace and security in the world around us and strengthen Swedish society in times of severe peacetime emergencies.
		Civil defence is not an organisation; it consists of a diverse range of activities conducted by society to strengthen its capacity to deal with heightened alert and war.
		The objectives of civil defence are to protect the civilian population, contribute to peace and security in the world around us and strengthen societys ability to prevent and manage severe peacetime emergencies.
	finans.regeringen.se /sb/d/4187 (394 words)

	[No title]
		Additional expenditures on defence are due to cost of compulsory military service and reserve military duty, costs of emergency stocks of essential commodities, construction of shelters and protected areas, costs of guards posted in public places, etc. This publication presents multi-year sums of defence expenditure according to two definitions: 1.
		Defence imports include the value of goods and services acquired abroad by the defence establishment, as well as the value of armaments from U.S. army surplus that are supplied to Israel free of charge.
		Estimates of defence imports were also prepared on the basis of the Ministry of Defence reports at the value of actual supply of heavy equipment, which has relatively high value, upon its arrival in Israel and on the flow of payments for items with lower value.
	www.cbs.gov.il /publications/security/word/e_mavo.doc (2329 words)

	Missile Defence Update, 19 February 2004
		The money is part of a total Defence Department budget request for $401.7 billion that includes an increase in spending on personnel alongside a decrease in overall spending on weapons for the budget year that begins October 2004.
		Canada is preparing to begin formal talks with the United States on the ballistic missile defence shield, according to reports from CBC News on the 8 January.
		Defence Minister Robert Hill said the government planned to buy air warfare destroyers for the Royal Australian Navy, which may be fitted with the SM3 missile capable of shooting down long-range ballistic missiles.
	www.basicint.org /update/MDU040219.htm (1720 words)

	Defenceindia : Editorial : No sufficient money for defence
		Even in parliament, matters pertaining to defence are discussed only sporadically and cursorily, with the Government sharing with members only the minimum information necessary to have the grants of the defence ministry approved.
		In sum, the general attitude of everyone not belonging to the charmed circle of insiders in the defence ministry and services headquarters is to leave this esoteric domain to the judgement of the Government which is presumed to know what is the best defence policy and strategy for the country.
		Defence preparedness and strategic readiness were very much the issues in India in the case of the Chinese attack in the North-East in 1962 and the Pakistani incursion in Kargil in 1999.
	www.defenceindia.com /07-mar-2k5/edit1.html (1091 words)

	Defence expenditures – budget – armaments program (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Despite the gradual reduction of the proportion between the defence budget and the total defence expenditures both to the state budget and the GNP, the Greek defence expenditures are, in relative terms, the highest among the EU and the NATO members.
		Defence and economy constitute the basis, the two main pillars on which the national strategy of a nation stands.
		This is the context that governs the policy of the MOD on the issue of the defence expenditures of the Country.
	www.hri.org /mod/fylladia/white_bibile_2k/k5_1.htm (701 words)

	Annual Exchange of Information on Defence Planning 2001-2005
		Total defence consists of military defence, economic defence, civil defence, social and health care, functioning technical systems in society, public law and order and defence information.
		The Security and Defence Committee follows the changes in the position of security and defence policy and estimates their effects on the arrangements of total defence, follows the activities of the different sectors of government and co-ordinates the work carried out in national defence as a whole.
		The Defence Forces are under the command of the Chief of Defence, who is directly subordinate to the President of the Republic in matters related to military command.
	www.mil.fi /perustietoa/julkaisut/defplan2003?printable=1& (4944 words)

	Yearbook on South-East European Defence Spending 2001
		With an eye on the increasing resource needs of the defence reform agenda, and the limitation of the defence budget growth rate to the growth rate of GDP, it is necessary to make use of the possibilities granted by internal restructuring of defence budget expenses.
		The airforce was allocated 24% of the defence budget in 2001, 20% in 2000, and 15% in 1999.
		According to the estimations of the Bulgarian Ministry of Defence the volume of total defence expenditure (till 2006) will be defined as a percentage of the GDP (2,7% - 2,8%) as depicted in Chart 7.
	www.stabilitypact.org /def-econ/yearbook/countries.htm (1133 words)

	[No title]
		To ensure a smooth transition, the revised Total Defence Badge Lessons will be implemented in three phases, starting with the Bronze module in 2001 for the new Secondary One cohort, to coincide with the introduction of the new core curriculum for uniformed groups.
		The learning points are: Participation from All Total Defence requires everyone to play his or her part, as exemplified by the team working together on the model.
		Each aspect of Total Defence can be understood at these two levels: *Teachers can opt to test pupils on their recall of the two levels of each of the five aspects.
	www.girlguides.org.sg /uniform_n_badges/badges/guides/TOTAL_DEFENCE_BRONZE_AND_SILVER.doc (7526 words)

	The Hindu : Opinion / Leader Page Articles : DRDO: a better understanding needed
		One of the basic problems in the organisation of the country's defence is that threat perceptions are not based on any systematic analysis by the Services of the geopolitical and the geostrategic environment in the country's neighbourhood and a comprehensive technical assessment based on that of medium- to long-term operational requirements of weapons and systems.
		As a result, system specifications (which constantly keep changing) placed on defence R&D would seem to mirror not the actual dynamics of the security environment of the country but the dynamics of technological evolution of the global defence industry, which the DRDO is expected to realise fully.
		Although defence accounts for the highest share (18.3 per cent in 2002-03) of the national R&D expenditure, the total national spending as a fraction of GDP/GNP is only around 0.8 per cent, which is low compared to even countries such as Brazil and China, let alone developed countries.
	www.thehindu.com /2007/02/02/stories/2007020203681000.htm (1430 words)

	Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Latvia: The National Defence Concept of the Republic of Latvia
		To achieve this, national defence is organised in accordance with the total defence principle, which specifies that the guaranteeing of the existence of a state and its defence is not only a military, but also a general national task.
		In accordance with total defence principle, the common task of the State and the whole of society - the development and strengthening of a self-defence capability shall be implemented.
		For the execution of territorial defence, the NAF shall develop operational capability to perform observation of the territory, to ensure the presence of the necessary amount of military forces and operational concentration in accordance with the defence plans and the activities of the aggressor.
	www.mfa.gov.lv /en/nato/basic/4537?print=on (4548 words)

	Defenceindia : News : F16s make defence budget skyrocket
		Pakistan has raised its annual defence expenditures by over 15 per cent to Rs223.5bn in the budget for the new fiscal, which begins on July 1, from last year’s Rs193.9bn, which was increased to Rs216.2bn as a revision for adjusting the inflation in 2004-05.
		A substantial increase of Rs29.5bn in the defence allocations for the next fiscal is seemingly aimed at meeting the government’s plans to buy 75 F-16 fighter jets from the United States with an overall estimated cost of approximately $3bn.
		To many observers, the persistent hike in the defence budget of Pakistan is uncalled for as bilateral ties with India have improved since the commencement of peace process in January 2004 after the two states came close to a fourth war in 2002 over the Himalayan state of Kashmir.
	www.defenceindia.com /06-jun-2k5/news3.html (592 words)

	Total Defence Day (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		In sum, our strategy is Total Defence - both in what we should do to minimise the risk of Singapore being hit by either a bomb or a bug, and also in what we need to do in response should we actually be hit.
		This highlights an important aspect of Total Defence - which is the effective strategies require long-term perspectives and long-term efforts.
		Social and psychological defence are the most important and most difficult when we are protecting against terrorism because these are the very targets of terrorists - to disrupt our harmony and to terrorise us, which is basically psychological impact on the population.
	www.sngs.sch.edu.sg /ttd/index.html (838 words)

	Yearbook on South-East European Defence Spending 2001
		The Ministry of Defence, which plans to modernize its armed forces' is financed mainly by the national budget and the Defence Industry Support Fund and partly by foreign military loans and contributions in connection with the Conventional Forces in Europe (CFE) Treaty.
		Defence expenditures data for 1999-2001 are shown in Table 1 (USD and local currency) and depicted in Chart 2 (USD values only).
		According to the estimates of the Turkish Ministry of Defence, the defence budget functional structure in the 1999-2001 period will be the pattern of its development through the next four years.
	www.stabilitypact.org /def-econ/yearbook/turkey.htm (1706 words)

	Economic Imperative for Peace in Sri Lanka -- Muttukrishna Sarvananthan
		The overall argument of the paper is that such high defence expenditures are the main cause of the economic woes of the country and therefore not sustainable in the long run.
		The total public expenditure of Sri Lanka as a proportion of the GDP in 2000 was nearly 40 per cent.
		The budgeted defence expenditure for year 2002 was LKR 67,445 million, which is expected to absorb almost 20 per cent of the total public expenditure earmarked for the fiscal year.
	www.satp.org /satporgtp/publication/faultlines/volume15/Article2.htm (4500 words)

	Welcome to the MOE National Education Website (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Schools commemorate Total Defence Day on 15 February annually to mark Singapore's fall to the Japanese in 1942.
		it is the logical response to the threat of Total War in which an enemy wages a war of attrition at all levels.
		The message is that Total Defence is crucial to the continued security, survival and success of the country.
	www.moe.gov.sg /ne/coreevents/tdd.htm (378 words)

	India’s Defence Budget : In China’s Shadow? by Col. Rahul K. Bhonsle
		The high point of the India’s Defence Budget 2007-08 is a shift from revenue to capital budgeting which is the norm of defence outlays of developed countries.
		Thus the capital outlay at Rs 41,922 Crore is 43 percent of the total defence outlay of Rs 96,000 Crore.
		However capital outlay on defence at Rs 41,922 Crore is the largest non plan capital expenditure head of the government at 45 percent of a total Rs 91875 Crore.
	www.boloji.com /analysis2/0192.htm (920 words)

	Total Defence: A Danish Concept - African Defence Review No 16, 1994
		Danish defence policy and the composition and organisation of their armed forces have been the subject of thorough studies and political discussions over the last five years1.
		The organisation of defence and the size of the budget is laid down in defence agreements covering periods of one to four years and is usually supported by a comfortable majority in Parliament.
		The agreement on defence organisation for 1993 and 1994, which was concluded November 1992, was signed by 6 of the 8 parties in the Parliament.
	www.iss.co.za /Pubs/ASR/ADR17/Steyn.html (3320 words)

	Total Defence
		Psychological Defence is the individual citizen's commitment to the nation and the confidence in the future of our country.
		United in Psychological Defence, we develop the collective will to stand up for our rights; to protect what is ours; to seek to be left in peace; to progress and prosper in our own way as a nation.
		Military Defence is the responsiblity of the NSmen, full-time National Servicemen and regulars in the SAF.
	www.geocities.com /Pentagon/6547/total_defence.htm (355 words)

	FD - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Throughout the post-war period, Norway’s defence was based on the concept of «total defence».
		The new total defence concept is essentially based on mutual support and cooperation between the defence organisation, with its military arm, and civil society.
		The new total defence concept increases the emphasis on military aid to the civil authorities.
	odin.dep.no /fd/engelsk/publ/veiledninger/010051-120153/dok-bn.html (297 words)

	CHSSCOUT.NET > Archives - Articles, Resources, Maps, Games, Recipes, Camping (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The Total Defence(TD) Badge launched on 7 November 1995 was officiated by Minister for Enivornment and Second Minister for Defence, Rear Admiral Teo Chee Hean.
		Attention was focused on the importance of Total Defence and the responsibility of the younger generation in ensuring continued peace and prosperity for Singapore.
		The TD Badge would be awarded to members of uniform groups who demonstrate an understanding of the Total Defence concept and actively participate in TD- related activities within and outside school.
	www.chsscout.net /rescenter/docs/article1.shtml (456 words)

	National Defence College - National Defence Courses
		The supervision of the National Defence Courses would be with the Defence Council and the responsibility of implementing them with the Chief of Defence.
		The target of general national defence teaching is to provide a total view of Finnish foreign, security and defence policy and to improve knowledge in national defence and to enhance cooperation and readiness between the national defence and the other sectors in society.
		The aim of the Advanced and Continuing National Defence Course is to give those attending up-to-date information on the different sectors in total defence, while considering the length of time since they attended the course.
	www.mpkk.fi /en/courses (1315 words)

	Kommande verksamhet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Society and Defence (FoF) is in terms of party politics an independent association of democratic national organizations which want to support the total defence of the country.
		The task of the federation is to develop the community of interests between the citizens and the total defence.
		Society and Defence's Annual National Conference is the classic meeting-place for the security and defence policy community of Sweden ("Sweden's answer to Davos", as one participant put it).
	www.cff.se /folkochforsvar/english.html (614 words)

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