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Topic: Total Operations Processing System

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	The History of TOPS
		TOPS (Total Operations Processing System) is a set of programs originally written by the Southern Pacific railroad in the 1960s for complete control on their operations.
		The BR version, was an offshoot of the Canadian National Railways system called TRACS, (Transportation Reporting And Control System) which itself originated with the Southern Pacific.
		All the TOPS and TOPS 2000 terminals were "hard wired" through the BR internal telecoms systems and there was no capability to "dial in" so 'Joe Bloggs', member of the public could not access TOPS from their home computer.
	www.trainweb.org /rews/tops/history.htm (459 words)

	DefenseLink News Release: AIR FORCE ANNOUNCES 2003 FORCE STRUCTURE CHANGES
		Total impact is a decrease of 129 military and an increase of 59 civilian authorizations.
		Total impact is an increase of 22 military and a decrease of one civilian authorization.
		Total impact is an increase of 173 military and a decrease of one civilian authorization.
	www.defenselink.mil /Releases/Release.aspx?ReleaseID=3283 (2563 words)

	Operations Manual - Confidentiality and Disclosure of Information - ADB.org
		It is also important for ADB (iii) to protect the integrity of its deliberative and decision-making process, and as such, to encourage frankness of dialogue and the free flow of ideas internally.
		In addition, for all public sector operations, regional departments concerned are required to prepare a more detailed project or program profile (PP) describing the main elements of the proposed project or program including environmental aspects, social information, information about resettlement and indigenous people, and dates for public consultations if arranged by the borrower or sponsor.
		Accordingly, ADB staff in the process of preparing such papers, should advise the governments concerned of this policy and ask each government to identify confidential information that should be segregated wherever possible from such reports and separately presented to the Board of Directors.
	www.adb.org /Documents/Manuals/Operations/om52.asp (4413 words)

	Euphonix - System 5 Overview Intro (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		System 5 is a high performance digital audio mixing system comprising of a control surface, digital processing core, digital and analog interfaces, and a system management software application called eMix.
		What is different is that the system is packed with features that give the engineer all the tools necessary for even the most demanding of mixes, all within easy reach and all available quickly at the push of a button.
		Operations such as system setup, file management and patching are managed by a program called eMix which runs on a separate screen and keyboard, usually situated next to the console.
	www.euphonix.com /music/products/system_5/S5overview/s5over01_Intro.htm (618 words)

	TOPS - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Total Operations Processing System, better known by its initials TOPS, is a computer system for managing the locomotives and rolling stock (railroad cars) owned by a rail system.
		At the time, the British Government operated a "Buy British" policy for the nationalised industries, and the purchase of an IBM 360 mainframe to operate TOPS had to be approved by the Cabinet of Prime Minister Edward Heath.
		It is a text-terminal, mainframe-driven system which is very user-unfriendly, cryptic, hard to use and prone to operator error because of its cryptic displays and command set.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/TOPS (1108 words)

	New paradigms for transaction processing
		Whereas in the past, the operator of a transaction processing system acted in a programmed way as the interface between the world and the computer system, BPR has required such operators to make more independent decisions based on sources of data wider than that available from the traditional one function transaction processing system.
		the degree of modal behaviour of the system;
		A transaction processing system which allows its operator to choose what task is done next as often as possible is thought better than one which restricts future actions based on past actions.
	www.csse.monash.edu.au /~cavram/papers/tp/tr94-02h.html (4449 words)

	Anaerobic Animal Waste Processing Plants (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Anaerobic Animal Waste processing facility is a closed loop system designed for elimination of the animal waste lagoon, odors and other environmental problems through the total processing of large commercial farm animal waste.
		This facility which processes the manure for 3,000 animals was designed with solutions and engineering concepts for advanced technical implementation and operations dictated by the need to eliminate odor, harmful micro organisms, gases, and other environmental problems created by large commercial farms with thousands of animals.
		The system also provides methane for electric generation or other purposes and allows for the elimination of the waste lagoon (the grower may still want to use the lagoon for processed water), cleans water to the acceptable standard for re-flushing or irrigation.
	www.ctum.com /anaerobic_processing_plants.html (339 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The objective of the ADIK system is to aid in determining the causal factors that led to the destruction of the aircraft(event)and the prevention of such events in the future.
		The information ©knowledge processing task faced by the user is to acknowledge all states of the events and to respond efficiently and effectively by recognizing the state of affairs, understanding the factors that relate to the event and to take appropriate action pertaining to them.
		The systems analyst function is to derive a detailed accounting of these factors and to establish a model of a system(hardware/software) that would provide the user with an efficient and effective ADIK system that aids the user in decision making an problem solving.
	www.pitt.edu /~debons/processing.doc (870 words)

	Transaction Processing
		A system that uses transactions can be thought of as a collection of objects or data resources with a persistent state that satisfies a set of integrity constraints.
		We use read_1 [x,v] to refer to a read operation executed by transaction 1, where the read value is v; write_1[x,v] refers to a write operation executed by transaction 1 with value v.
		One of the main objectives of a transaction processing system is controlling and coordinating the execution of a set of concurrent transactions accessing shared data and resources.
	www.cse.scu.edu /~jholliday/transproc.html (2279 words)

	A Primer on Community Food Systems: - Discovering the Food System
		While the aim of community food systems is not total self-sufficiency (where all food is produced, processed, marketed and consumed within a defined boundary), increasing the degree of self-reliance for food, to be determined by a community partnership, is an important aspect of a community food system.
		Sustainability of the food and agriculture system is increased when a diversified agriculture exists near strong and thriving markets, when non-renewable inputs required for every step in the food system are reduced, when farming systems rely less on agri-chemical fertilization and pest control, and when citizen participation in food system decision-making is enhanced.
		In the process, eaters come in contact with farmers, experience another aspect of the food system, and increase their intake of fresh and processed local produce (if some of what they harvest is preserved through freezing or canning, for example).
	foodsys.cce.cornell.edu /primer.html (1828 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: British Rail Railbuses
		Railbuses are a very lightweight type of Diesel multiple unit Railcar designed for use specifically on little-used railway lines, and as the name suggests share many aspects of their construction with a bus, usually having a bus, or modified bus body, and having four wheels on a fixed base, instead of on bogies.
		For the DEC PDP-10 operating systems, see TOPS-10 and TOPS-20 The Total Operations Processing System, better known by its initials TOPS, is a computer system for managing the locomotives and rolling stock (railroad cars) owned by a...
		A class 142 Pacer Pacer is the operational name of the British class 140, 141, 142, 143 and 144 railbuses, built between 1984 and 1987.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/British-Rail-Railbuses (2452 words)

	Item Processing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		At the end of the workday, batch totals of the items captured by the reader/sorter or multi-pocket proof machine are balanced and reconciled to the appropriate applications (deposit accounting system, loan accounting system, general ledger, etc.) and balanced to the proof batch totals.
		Batch processing creates electronic batch files that are forwarded to the computer throughout the day, or at a minimum at the end of the day for creating a transaction file of the current day’s activities.
		When operating a multi-pocket proof machine, the operator should encode the item, determine if it is a debit or credit and classify the transaction by type (on-us check, foreign check, cash-in or cash-out, general ledger, etc.).
	www.occ.treas.gov /efiles/disk2/booklets/operations/23.html (3683 words)

	Data Warehouse Operations Strategy and ETL Processing Part I
		Since the legacy system should also be generating reports, you should be able to get a quick verification that the data loaded correctly based on number of rows and aggregate values.
		From the legacy systems through the landing pad, all operations are of a data acquisition nature, where all operations in the data marts involve information dissemination.
		This process insures that each processing cycle’s data is at least as clean as that from the last previous cycle.
	www.evaltech.com /wpapers/dwandetlprocessing.htm (3452 words)

	Reducing Respirable Dust Concentrations
		A total mill ventilation system provides a general purging of the mill air; the system should be viewed as a supplemental technique to assist other dust control systems in operation.
		Looking specifically at mineral processing operations, the authors' experience has indicated that baghouse-type collectors are the most common technique used by the industry.
		A total mill ventilation system should be be designed to draw clean makeup air in near the base of the mill.
	www.osha.gov /SLTC/silicacrystalline/dust/reducing_respirable_dust_con.html (1261 words)

	IBM Archives: 1401 Data Processing System
		The all-transistorized IBM 1401 Data Processing System places the features found in electronic data processing systems at the disposal of smaller businesses, previously limited to the use of conventional punched card equipment.
		The 1401 may be operated as an independent system, in conjunction with IBM punched card equipment, or as auxiliary equipment to IBM 700 or 7000 series systems.
		As an auxiliary to large scale data processing systems, the 1401 performs magnetic tape sorting and editing, card-to-tape and tape-to-card operations and high speed printing.
	www-03.ibm.com /ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_PP1401.html (1292 words)

	HST OPERATIONS
		Hubble Space Telescope operations are of two types: science operations that plan and conduct the HST science program – observing celestial objects and gathering data – and mission operations that command and control HST to implement the observation schedule and maintain the Telescope’s overall performance.
		It is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA), a consortium of 29 United States universities that operate several national facilities for astronomy.
		The orbit of the Telescope is approximately 320 nmi (593 km).
	www.gsfc.nasa.gov /gsfc/service/gallery/fact_sheets/spacesci/hst3-01/hst_operations.htm (2737 words)

	TOPS - UK Railways (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The Total Operations Processing System, better known by its initials TOPS, is a computer system for managing the locomotives and rolling stock owned by a rail system.
		It is a text-terminal, mainframe-driven system which is very user-unfriendly, cryptic, hard to use and prone to operator error (because of its cryptic displays and command set).
		The catch is, of course, that the system is considered company confidential and the information within it is not generally considered available for the general public.
	ukrailways.wikia.com /wiki/TOPS (1509 words)

	N-TIER - ARTICLES ~ Transaction Processing
		Reliable, consistent, accurate, timely, transaction processing is fundamental to the operations of a business and fundamental to effective business use of computers.
		One of the jobs of the Transaction Processing (TP) Monitor is to manage these transactions from their point of origin, on the client, across one or more servers and then back to the original client.
		In the event of a failure, the failed process is either restarted or switched over to a process on another node.
	n-tier.com /articles/tp.html (1426 words)

	Tops
		The Total Operations Processing System, better known by its initials TOPS, is a computer system for managing the locomotives and rollingstock (railroad cars) owned by a rail system.
		The intention was to takeall the paperwork associated with a locomotive or railroad car - its maintenancehistory, its allocation to division and depot and duty, its status, its location, and much more - and keep it in computer form,constantly updated by terminals at every maintenance facility.
		One way to offset the development costs of such a system, of course, was to sell it to other systems, and the Southern Pacificdid just that.
	www.lottery-news.net /dust12415-tops.html (358 words)

	CoWare Signal Processing Designer Datasheet
		Optimization of the system cost and power consumption has the biggest impact at the highest abstraction level, where algorithms are created and optimized for the number and complexity of DSP operations needed.
		System designers rely on reuse of fundamental algorithms, while being adapted to specific system requirements through a set of parameters.
		The way a system designer will evaluate the system performance and optimize it is typically through a large series of long simulations of the system.
	www.coware.com /products/signalprocessingSPW_datasheet.php (2086 words)

	Tops :: Toys : Gourt
		For the DEC PDP-10 operating systems, see TOPS-10 and TOPS-20, for the supermarket chain see Tops Friendly Markets.
		The Total Operations Processing System, better known by its initials TOPS, is a computer system for managing the locomotives and rolling stock (railroad cars) owned by a rail system.
		It was originally developed by the Southern Pacific Railroad and was widely sold; it is best known for its use by British Rail.
	kids-and-teens.gourt.com /Sports-and-Hobbies/Toys/Tops.html (298 words)

	Total Operations Processing System
		Finding themselves rather taken with it, the system was purchased (along with source code, such as was typical for such a large mainframe-based system in those days) and was slowly implemented on British Railways.
		At the time, the British Government operated a "Buy British" policy for the nationalised industries, and the purchase of an IBM 360 mainframe to operate TOPS on had to be approved by the Cabinet of Prime Minister Edward Heath.
		Attempts have been made to 'skin' the system with a more user-friendly interface, called TOPS 2000; in addition, there are other parallel systems now, such as TRUST and Genius, but none has yet supplanted the TOPS system.
	www.fact-index.com /t/to/total_operations_processing_system.html (1110 words)

	Total Recorder Professional Edition, Total Recorder - captures any audio from the Internet, records audio from CD, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Total Recorder Professional Edition, Total Recorder - captures any audio from the Internet, records audio from CD, microphone, line-in, converts any sound formats to WAVE file.
		Total Recorder Professional Edition Version 6.1 is available free of charge, to purchasers of previous versions of the Professional Edition.
		Perform general operations on playlists, such as add files to a playlist, delete files, save a playlist, etc., such as merge multiple files in a playlist.
	www.totalrecorder.com /productfr_trPRO.htm (1251 words)

	OLYMPUS MIC-D: Digital Image Acquisition and Processing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Even though many image processing algorithms are extremely powerful, the average user often applies operations to digital images without concern for the underlying principles behind these manipulations.
		Recommended Strategy for Processing Digital Images - Depending upon the illumination conditions, specimen integrity, and preparation methods, digital images captured in the optical microscope may require a considerable amount of rehabilitation to achieve a balance between scientific accuracy, cosmetic equilibrium, and aesthetic composition.
		Zooming to enlarge image details is useful for the visualization of small structures present in a digital image, and scaling is often necessary to format a digital image to fit within the boundaries of a display medium, as in the case of displaying a collection of thumbnail images.
	java.magnet.fsu.edu /olympus/micd/curriculum/imageprocessing/index.html (1933 words)

	Process Engineering \| Praxair wins 2nd annual Plant Innovation Award \| Chemical Processing
		Emerson Process Management was brought in to help with construction and start-up of a component of the new system.
		The system is designed to work with any number of units in operation so that when a given production train has to be removed from control for operational or maintenance issues, the system optimizes production by manipulating the remaining units.
		Individually, the MPC systems increased in the carbon monoxide recovery on the cold boxes an average of 5-8% across multiple units, and much more consistently running of the units during production changes and load disturbances.
	www.chemicalprocessing.com /articles/2006/064.html (1293 words)

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