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	Serialism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Serialism is most specifically defined the structural principle according to which a recurring series of ordered elements (normally a set - or 'row' - of pitches or 'pitch classes') which are used in order, or manipulated in particular ways, to give a piece unity.
		Serialism is often broadly applied to all music written in the what Arnold Schoenberg called "The Method of Composing with Twelve Tones related only to one another", or dodecaphony, and methods which evolved from his methods.
		The serialization of rhythm, dynamics etc developed after the Second World War by arguing that the twelve-tone music of Arnold Schoenberg and his followers of the Second Viennese School had serialized pitch, and was partly fostered by the work of Olivier Messiaen and his analysis students, including Karel Goeyvaerts and Boulez, in post-war Paris.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Serial_music (3302 words)

	The Relationship Between Contrapuntal and Serial Composition Techniques as Seen in Webern and Stravinsky (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Integral serialism is, then, a system (preferably not haphazard) of assigning specific values in each of the parameters of dynamics, rhythm, attack, and sometimes timbre or instrumentation to the pitch-class numbers of the row used in that work.
		In the second movement, the fact that the second hexachord of the series is a transposed retrograde of the first half is exploited at the surface levels of the movement with palindromic melodic and rhythmic structures, or "mirrors," in the terminology often used for Webern's music.
		Therefore, although Stravinsky's discovery of the serial technique and use of canonic writing is consistent with his own preference for conscious construction based on the parameters of musical sound, in his case the procedure-oriented composition supersedes consistency of atonal row-treatment.
	www-student.furman.edu /users/r/rkelley/cntptser.htm (6785 words)

	Serialism biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Serialism is a rigorous system of composing music in which various elements of the piece are ordered according to a pre-determined ordered set or sets, and variations on them.
		The development of serial composition began by the desire of a group of young composers to find a new way forward in composition, combining the rhythmic innovations of Igor Stravinsky with twelve-tone technique.
		The first serial piece was Nummer 2 (1951) for 13 instruments ([1]) by Karel Goeyvaerts, a student of influential French composer and teacher Olivier Messiaen.
	serialism.biography.ms (525 words)

	Lendvai comes to Cologne
		In an attempt to clarify Ligeti's relationship to total serialism through the late 1950s and 1960s I will be investigating the influence the Bartók analyst Erno Lendvai had on Ligeti and his music, and contextualising this influence within high modernist Cologne.
		Since the quotient of two adjacent numbers in the fibonacci series approaches the golden ratio of their sum, for 233 crotchets the golden section falls at either 89 or 144 crotechets.
		More interestingly, when employing a geometric system such as the golden section, one is able to begin from a total duration and subdivide down to the smallest level of construction, ie top down; or start from the smallest unit and work up to a total duration, ie bottom up to the highest structural level.
	www.btinternet.com /~tim.johnson77/rambler/LendvaiInCologne.html (2765 words)

	Palace Family Steak House: Still, Here I Go
		Meanwhile, although it appears that serious music underwent something that could be looked at as 'progressive' in many of its aspects between about 1750 to the early 20th century, there is also the issue of the actual music that was produced.
		Serialism was a technique gone mad, and the composers wore that technique not on their sleeve but on their fucking foreheads!
		Serialism, and most of the mid-century techniques like it, are for the composer's workbench.
	www.palacefamilysteakhouse.com /2005/06/still-here-i-go.html (785 words)

	Stockhausen's New Morphology of Musical Time, Serialism: C. Koenigsberg December 1991 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Taken to its extreme in a brief period of experimentation in the early 1950's, application of the serial system to all parameters, in a total avoidance of thematic composition, came to be known as total, or integral, serialism.
		"Total serialism might be regarded as the use of a series and its permutations to generate all aspects of a musical composition.
		The determination of exactly which elements to serialize, and in what manner, becomes an essential part of the compositional process, and the eventual filling in of the actual notes on the page is almost an anticlimax (at least, in the opinions of the critics of total serial music, whom we will hear from shortly).
	www.music.princeton.edu /~ckk/smmt/serialism.3.html (4966 words)

	serialism -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Online Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The serial method was worked out by Arnold Schoenberg in the years 1916–23, though another serial method was being devised simultaneously by Josef Matthias Hauer.
		“Total serialism,” a concept that arose in the late 1940s, attempts to organize not only the 12 pitches but also other elements such as rhythm, dynamics, register, and instrumentation into ordered sets.
		In Schoenberg's serialism the 12 notes of the chromatic scale are arranged into an arbitrary series, or 12-tone row, that becomes the basis for the melodies, counterpoint, and harmonies of the...
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article?tocId=9378273&query=null&ct=null (595 words)

	Serialism Information - TextSheet.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Serialism is a rigorous system of writing music in which various elements of the piece are ordered according to a pre-determined sequence, and variations on it.
		To clarify the terms total serialism or integral serialism are often used to distinguish twelve tone serialism from the more expansive kind.
		Pierre Boulez is a prominent figure in serialism, other composers to use serialism include Luigi Nono, Karlheinz Stockhausen, Milton Babbitt, Roger Reynolds, and Charles Wuorinen.
	station811.sferahost.com /encyclopedia/s/se/serialism.html (164 words)

	Le Marteau sans maître : Serialism Becomes Respectable
		When Boulez talks about “making rules,” he is of course referring to the period immediately preceding the appearance of this work—a time of intense theoretical exploration during which he forged a new musical grammar known as integral or total serialism.
		In the wake of total serial works like Structures, which were governed by the rigid rules then developed by Boulez, Le Marteau sans maître revealed a distinctly different quality, a truly eloquent musical discourse.
		The grammar of serial music was no longer the central focus.
	www.scena.org /lsm/sm6-4/serialisme-en.html (1111 words)

	NewMusicBox
		Serialism was intellectual and elevating, certain to flex the mental muscles of composers and boost the stamina of audiences.
		And serialism wasn't merely some sugar-coated or caffeinated short-term supplement; it was a total change of musical lifestyle, a regimen that would last a lifetime.
		Serialism's elegant complexity finally brought self-respect to a nation of composers fighting America's century-old (and only partly deserved) reputation of derivative provincialism and naive populism.
	www.newmusicbox.org /page.nmbx?id=32tp00 (768 words)

	oct_6.html
		series used for semantic unity, as a common denominator while employing a pre-existent rhetoric.
		The main difference between row and series: the row is a "melody", the "series" is a series of proportions, another level of abstraction.
		, a series of 12 durations (borrowed from the same source), a series of 12 attacks, and a series of 12 dynamics.
	ems.music.uiuc.edu /courses/tipei/M104/Notes/boulez.html (674 words)

	MICROCOSMS: Total Serialism
		Total Serialism, also known as Integral Serialism, allows other events to be serialized, such as rhythm, articulations, dynamics, register, or even the row forms themselves.
		Although Total Serialism never really became popular, its extreme precision led logically into electronic music and music written by computers, and gave composers new ideas about relationships of pitch, rhythm, timbre, and dynamics.
		Write an example of Total Serialism for two melody/mallet percussion instruments, one page or less, which is a complete musical thought.
	www.udayton.edu /%7Emusic/faculty/magnuson/microcosms/totalserialism.html (573 words)

	Specific Examples (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The serial composers who tried to work with this subharmonic series of proportion also had to resort to writing different "parts", each in its own layer of durational series, which are all then superimposed on one another.
		Every other series element after the first one has a measure with 2 in the denominator instead of the 4 that this first measure has in its denominator, and we don't understand why the denominator is varied only for this first measure.
		Stockhausen is using, as input for high-level construction procedures, the numerator and denominator of each ratio in the series of "harmonic proportions" that he derived from the elements of his pitch/duration built on a permutation of his long-sought chromatic scale of durations.
	www.music.princeton.edu /~ckk/smmt/examples.5.html (6407 words)

	ROUTH: The Contemporary Scene (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The numbers of a series, in later serial composition, are precisely analogous to the variables of logical philosophy.
		Coming at the end of the serial period, the electronic composer finds that the climate of avant-garde thought is still concerned with linguistic and scientific logic, but, in an age of computer-technology, this now takes on an unprecedented scientific precision in the exact analysis of sounds.
		Indeed, the trend towards serialism, which reached a peak in the 60s, was in no small measure the result of her influential and crusading voice.
	www.musicweb-international.com /routh/Contemporary.htm (15503 words)

	Making Time - Eclectica Magazine -- January/February 1999
		Their major works span the 1940s through 1960s, and in retrospect each seems to be one of the more definitive voices of that time, often characterized as the triumph and fall of total serialism.
		His symphonies track his exploration of a total serialism that is unlike any produced by contemporaries elsewhere because his procedure is one of total variation and totalizing development.
		Out of the rigorous methods of total serialism, often dismissed by the generation that followed as arid and academic, we have here two composers who achieve musical utterances of the most enriching profundity: joy and wonderment with Gerhard, and questing illumination with Panufnik.
	www.eclectica.org /v3n1/making_time.html (824 words)

	MICROCOSMS: Serialism
		Serialism is the language which is completely unique to the 20th century.
		The row may be used to create melody; no pitch may repeat until the series is completed (note: this does not include reiterations of the same note, trills, or tremolos).
		Write a Serial piece for two different wind or bowed instruments which you do not play (both parts at concert pitch), one page or less, which is a complete musical thought.
	www.udayton.edu /~music/faculty/magnuson/microcosms/serialism.html (834 words)

	Music: Composition and Philosophy
		The combination of the various series could be independent of each other or derived from a single source or system resulting in unpredictable and seemingly random points of music.
		Serialism became elitist due to its highly complex nature and inaccessibility, this inaccessibility caused a reaction because not every composer wanted to write such complex music.
		Serialism and Neo-classicism were the two streams of musical thought which were to be a foundation for the rest of Twentieth Century music.
	www.webspawner.com /users/dfoskett (972 words)

	EXPRESSIONISM (Expressionist Style) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This means the total absence of a sense of tonality or key.
		It must be remembered that the series only gives a composer a basic starting point – it is then up to the individual to show skill and imagination in the way he or she uses this basic material to create a complete piece of music.
		Berg tended to be freer in his use of the method, often arranging the notes of his series to imply recognisable chords (major, minor, seventh chords, etc..) which traditionally belonged to the major-minor key system.
	atschool.eduweb.co.uk /westonroad/musicnet/Expressionism_Atonality_TwelveNote_TotalSerialism.htm (780 words)

	NewMusicBox
		And, unlike the dogma-dictated music that serialism seemed to be to me by this point, minimalism was an equally rigorous mathematically-structured music that offered many more options for individual expression, allowing the incorporation of microtonal intervals, improvisation, world music traditions, etc.
		A lengthy conversation (in no less than 12 parts!) with the mastermind of total serialism, Milton Babbitt, reveals a multifaceted personality equally fascinated by baseball, beer, and old Broadway showtunes.
		James Reel's HyperHistory of American serialism is a virtual serialism 101 (or perhaps 012).
	www.newmusicbox.org /page.nmbx?id=32ls00 (686 words)

	(T) Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This melody, or theme, is one in a series of musical events in this work.
		French serious opera of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, with spectacular dance scenes and brilliant choruses on tales of courtly love or heroic adventures; associated with J.-B. Lully.
		Baroque chamber sonata type written in three parts: two melody lines and the basso continuo; requires a total of four players to perform.
	www.wwnorton.com /college/music/enj9_lessons/glossary/t.htm (898 words)

	Aesthetics of Total Serialism: Contemporary Research from Music to Architecture [3764364491] - $15.95 : Chronicle Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Total serialism as a concept, has progressed beyond the twelve-tone technique of composers Schoenberg and Webern, and since the 1950s it has been constantly developed.
		Today, it refers to far more than just a technical process for composing, rather it offers one possibility of creatively integrating knowledge on man and nature into works of art.
		Markus Bandur (born in 1960) studied science of music, philosophy and history and now teaches at the universities of Freiburg i.Br, Berne and Kassel.
	www.chroniclebooks.com /Chronicle/servlet/at/go(bookRecord,3764364491) (151 words)

	Greenwood Publishing Group I1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		One of the momentous events in twentieth century music was the advent of atonality and serialism, and the consequent proliferation of such avant-garde genres as total serialism, electronic music, and aleatory music.
		This book examines serialism and its progeny, formulates criteria that are applicable both to serialism and to the traditional harmony from which it developed, and focuses on the failure of serialism to solve the problem of coherent harmonic progression.
		Consequently, serialism and avant-garde music are placed in a historical perspective and evaluated in terms of their chordal behavior.
	info.greenwood.com /books/0313266/0313266468.html (282 words)

	The Krenek Sestinas -- Don Mager
		The Austrian and American composer Ernst Krenek’s (b.1900) career stretched from 1919 to 1990, during which he was a trailblazer in a number of movements including Second Viennese School atonalism, expressionism, neo-Schubertian lyricism, twelve tone serialism, total serialism, and post-serial atonality.
		Among his 240 opus numbers, is this century’s most sensational operatic triumph, Jonny Spielt Auf (1926); but his most enduring legacy includes the string quartets, piano sonatas, Symphony No.2, Sestina, Lamentatio Jeremiae Prophetae and the set of remarkable works from his last few years--a final refulgence on the scale of a Haydn or a Verdi.
		At the height of his serial period, in 1957, Krenek wrote Sestina Op.161 for soprano and instrumental ensemble.
	www.eclectica.org /v2n2/mager_krenek_intro.html (301 words)

	MUHL 578 - August 5, 1997 - Classnotes
		:the clarification of the principle of combinatoriality which is like total serial organization of pitch, register, dynamic, duration and timbre created a structure of intense interrelationships, detailed in his article "Some Aspects of Twelve Tone Composition" (e.g.
		:stated that the serial organization of tones must be and is regarded as a settled fact.
		:claim of two concepts: the nonserial use of the total chromatic, and metrical modulation--which has proven to be of his most identifiable traits.
	www.usc.edu /dept/polish_music/578/aug05.html (741 words)

	Cornelius Cardew
		The conditions he found in Germany in 1957 were as oppressive as anything he had left behind - though in a different way: total serialism had achieved the status of a religion whose followers defended and counter-attacked with all the fanaticism and intolerance of true believers.
		[7] For a short period serialism had been a source of intellectual fascination for Cardew and had acted as a 'logical construct' in his student works, but in the last analysis the mechanistic philosophy that underpinned it was anathema to him and he rebelled to free himself of it.
		His rejection of total serialism freed him as a composer; with his espousal of indeterminacy, creative freedom was also extended to the performer.
	www.users.waitrose.com /~chobbs/tilburycardew.html (7416 words)

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