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Topic: Totalitarian democracy

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	Totalitarian democracy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The philosophy of totalitarian democracy, according to Talmon, is based on a top-down view of society, which sees an absolute and perfect political truth to which all reasonable humans are driven.
		He sees the proponents of liberal democracy (or "Western" democracy) as holding a negative attitude to the world and believing that force is not an appropriate way to achieve a goal no matter the value of that goal.
		One concept fundamental to both "liberal" and "totalitarian" democracy is that of liberty.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Totalitarian_democracy (1815 words)

	Encyclopedia: Totalitarian democracy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The political neologism messianic democracy also derives from Talmon's introduction to this work: A political neologism is a newly coined term (neologism) for political use, to craft the public view of policy or social agenda in language that appeals most to a current political culture.
		Liberal democracy is a form of representative democracy where elected representatives that hold the decision power are moderated by a constitution that emphasizes protecting individual liberties and the rights of minorities in society (also called constitutional liberalism), such as freedom of speech and assembly, freedom of religion, the right to...
		Liberal democracy is a form of representative democracy where elected representatives that hold the decision power are moderated by a constitution that emphasizes protecting individual liberties and the rights of minorities in society, such as freedom of speech and assembly, freedom of religion, the right to private property and privacy...
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Totalitarian-democracy (3696 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Hitler's initially-democratically-elected regime of Nazi totalitarianism is often used as an example of a totalitarian democracy.
		The relationship between totalitarianism and authoritarianism is controversial: some see totalitarianism as an extreme form of authoritarianism, while others argue that they are completely different.
		It has been argued that totalitarianism requires a cult of personality around a charismatic "great leader" who is glorified as the legitimator of the regime.
	www.online-encyclopedia.info /encyclopedia/t/to/totalitarianism.html (845 words)

	ipedia.com: Totalitarian democracy Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		He posits that 'totalitarian democracy,' or what he terms equality-oriented democracy, is founded on the idea that Man is born perfect, and it is therefore possible, and necessary, that the complete rights and freedoms of people ought not be held hostage to traditions and social arrangements.
		Liberal democracy, on the other hand, posits freedom as something which can be achieved by the individual in the short term, and sees as an element of this freedom a "freedom from government" wherein the individual is able to exercise "freedom" in his own terms to the extent that they do not contravene the law.
		He argues that while equality-oriented democracy stresses the value of equality over individual freedoms, the reverse is true for freedom-oriented democracy, and in each case, the state will move either to ensure equality by limiting individual freedom, or to ensure individual freedom by limiting equality.
	www.ipedia.com /totalitarian_democracy.html (1785 words)

	Totalitarian democracy -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Talmon's 1952 book The Origins of Totalitarian Democracy, which discusses the transformation of a state in which (Click link for more info and facts about traditional) traditional values and articles of (Loyalty or allegiance to a cause or a person) faith shape the role of government into one in which social utility takes absolute precedence.
		A totalitarian democratic state is said to maximize its control over the lives of its citizens, using the dual rationale of general will (i.e., "public good") and (The doctrine that the numerical majority of an organized group can make decisions binding on the whole group) majority rule.
		One concept fundamental to both "liberal" and "totalitarian" democracy is that of (Freedom of choice) liberty.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/t/to/totalitarian_democracy.htm (1614 words)

	Promoting Democracy: Refining Our Objectives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The historical and anthropological record suggests that tribal or village democracy existed in the earliest human societies; it was that primitive community structure in which all adults, or at least all adult men, were given a part in reaching consensus on the affairs of the group.
		Generally tribal democracy is majoritarian, but it may also be majoritarian by fiat, with leaders laying down the absolute unquestioned principles by which the group is to be ruled without concern as to whether a majority would actually vote for such rules.
		The eighteenth-century creators of this democracy were hesitant to call it democracy at all, for the doctrine stood squarely against the rights of the mob, emphasizing instead the sovereign rights of individuals to disagree publicly with the decisions of the community or government to which they bear allegiance.
	socialanalysis.siteideas.net /demopromo.htm (5691 words)

	Democracy Struggles with Mystery of Iniquity Traditional Catholic Reflections & Reports, Catholic News & Reports, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Totalitarian democracy exists in a constant state of crisis; historians have pointed out what a decisive part in sustaining the Revolution in all its phases was played by the cry, “The Republic is in danger!” Robespierre put the situation,or rather, the theory, with full fanaticism:
		In more than one respect Marsilius anticipated the principles of totalitarian democracy : “Whether it be in his criticism of the eccle-siastical institution, or in his theory of the ‘usurpations’ with which he reproaches the Church, or in his theory of her incompatibility with every notion of political or social order....
		The new kind of polity was condemned because it embodied the principle of totalitarianism, the unitary character of society, the oneness of sovereignty, the primacy of the political.
	www.tcrnews2.com /democracy.html (14899 words)

	Dictatorship article - Dictatorship government dictator authoritarian totalitarian democracy police - What-Means.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		A dictatorship is a government headed by a dictator or more generally any authoritarian or totalitarian government, and in opposition with a democracy.
		In the 20th century, the term dictatorship has come to mean a form of government in which absolute power is concentrated in the hands of a dictator and sometimes his supporters; it can also refer to the consolidation of power by a single-party, military, head of state, or head of government.
		The dictatorship of the proletariat is defined by Marxist theory as the use of state power by the working class against its enemies during the passage from capitalism to communism, entailing control of the state apparatus and the means of production.
	www.what-means.com /encyclopedia/Dictatorship (1116 words)

	Talmon: The Origins of Totalitarian Democracy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		In the case of totalitarian democracy, this state is precisely defined, and is treated as a matter of immediate urgency, a challenge for direct action, an imminent event.
		The problem that arises for totalitarian democracy, and which is one of the main subjects of this study, may be called the paradox of freedom.
		Totalitarian Messianism hardened into an exclusive doctrine represented by a vanguard of the enlightened, who justified themselves in the use of coercion against those who refused to be free and virtuous.
	www.coloradocollege.edu /Dept/PS/Finley/PS425/reading/Talmon.html (21252 words)

	POWER PREDICTS GENOCIDE AND MASS MURDER
		That is, the inverse relationship between democracy and democide should hold regardless of the duration of the regime and its population.
		While this does not substantiate that it is democracy that is the cause, this separation of the patterns is a necessary condition for the hypothesis, as elaborated, to be true.
		The more totalitarian a regime's power, the more total their wars or rebellions are likely to be, and the more totalitarian power and bloody their wars and rebellions, the more it probably will commit democide.
	www.hawaii.edu /powerkills/JCR.ART.HTM (7659 words)

	CHAPTER VI
		The apparent assumption behind this line of reasoning is the hypothesis that the totalitarian system of domination, although brutally violent, was merely an artificial and superficial obstacle preventing the free trend of the human spirit and of human action towards democracy.
		The Socio-political diagnosis of the working of a totalitarian system--found convincingly in Hannah Arendt's criticism of Masaryk--seemed to have proved him to be wrong, however, for totalitarianism proved to be a much more tenacious system of ruling society than he had presumed.
		Democracy as an attitude towards life is now more distant from the majority of politicians than from the considerable number of citizens, who, in a way, regret that Civil Forum no longer exists.
	www.crvp.org /book/Series04/IVA-3/chapter_vi.htm (5506 words)

	Commentary Magazine - The Rise of Totalitarian Democracy, by J. L. Talmon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		...Both versions of "democracy" arose in the thinking of the 18th-century philosophes, but "liberal democracy" retreated before the bloody attempt to establish the City of God on earth and took refuge in the matter-of-factness of Anglo-American practice, while "totalitarian democracy" culminated eventually in Stalinism...
		...Talmon is concerned with drawing a distinction between "liberal democracy" and "totalitarian democracy," both of which he sees as arising in the 18th century and coming into collision in the 20th...
		...Totalitarian democracy" preaches absolute truth and a messianic vision of a "pre-ordained, harmonious and perfect scheme of things, to which men are irresistibly driven, and at which they are bound to arrive...
	www.commentarymagazine.com /Summaries/V14I3P97-1.htm (1680 words)

	Raya Epstein: POST-ZIONISM AND DEMOCRACY
		Finally, it is manifest in the manipulative use of the concept of “liberal democracy” in both the European and Israeli contexts, when in fact it is the system of totalitarian democracy that is being implemented to accomplish the goal of annihilating the State of Israel and, thereby, the Jewish people as a whole.
		Not totalitarian democracy that serves this despicable war and not postmodern relativism that erases the distinctions between truth and falsehood, between good and evil, between human and bestial, between darkness and light.
		The premise of Jacobin tyranny and theories of totalitarian democracy is the belief that the enlightened members of society possess absolute truth and have the right to force the rest of the citizens to take one path only dictated by that truth.
	www.acpr.org.il /ENGLISH-NATIV/02-issue/epstein-2.htm (7924 words)

	Classical Liberalism. Politics. democracy. separation of powers, liberal justice
		In contrast, the liberal concept of democracy, is distinguished by the limitation of the majority's power by means of constitutional stipulations intended to assure the rights of minorities and individuals.
		It was the lack of such a strong rule of the law in the weak parliamentary-coalitional democracies that enabled the ascension to power of the 20th century dictatorships.
		The Greek democracies tried to attain such strong yet leaderless power by means of the law of ostracism (l1) accordingly to which, every citizen with excessive political influence could be forced to leave the country.
	www.liberal.org.il /libe5txt.html (6595 words)

	New Thinking
		Democracy is reduced under these circumstances to a formal principle of "majority rule", whereas the tolerance applied by it serves in actuality to strengthen the "tyranny of the majority, against which," says Marcuse, "authentic liberals protested."
		did not essentially argue that democracy is a hotbed providing the conditions for the constitution of a harsh regime of despotism, that is—of a non-democratic state, but that modern democratic society as such conceals, as if paradoxically, patterns of repression under the guise of formal application of freedom’s principles.
		In this context one should note that the notion "totalitarian democracy" used by Marcuse to describe the mode of repression in democratic societies, differs fundamentally from J. Talmon’s famous notion.
	www.new-thinking.org /journal/totalitariandemocracy.html (4397 words)

	Crisis Magazine
		The Holy Father has spoken of the dangers of “totalitarian democracy.” Democracy is often seen as a system that can dissolve any traditional religion or way of life.
		In fact, bringing democracy to the Middle East is often presented in the West as a way to undermine the terrorists.
		President Bush recently spoke of democracy as “the philosophical argument of the age.” The form of rule that was established in the United States at its founding was not for itself alone, but was a political system intended for all nations.
	www.crisismagazine.com /april2005/sense.htm (611 words)

	DEMOCRACY, POWER, AND GENOCIDE AND MASS MURDER
		As can be seen, the first and most important of these involves a democratic to totalitarian continuum, or looking at all the measures correlated with the pattern, a continuum measuring the degree to which coercive regime power penetrates and controls political and socio-economic institutions, functions, and individual behavior.
		Overall, theory and empirical analysis argue that most generally political regimes are two-dimensional (not one-dimensional, as the frequently used left-right, communist to fascist, scale would suggest), and in these two dimensions the distribution of regimes is in the shape of a triangle, as shown in the figure.
		Moreover, the mid-surface--the joint effect of the democracy and totalitarian scales, or Power-- is almost uniformly slanted upward until it approaches the diagonal corner from democracy and then curves upward even more.
	www.mega.nu:8080 /ampp/rummel/sod.chap17.htm (3457 words)

	Totalitarian_democracy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		In a similar vein, Herbert Marcuse, in his 1964 book One Dimensional Man, describes a society in which, in his words, "…liberty can be made into a powerful instrument of domination.
		Extensive excerpts from Talmon's The Origins of Totalitarian Democracy (http://www.coloradocollege.edu/Dept/PS/Finley/PS425/reading/Talmon.html)
		Paradigm: from totalitarian democracy to libertarian polyarchy (http://www.polyarchy.org/paradigm/english/democracy.html)
	www.apawn.com /search.php?title=Totalitarian_democracy (1776 words)

	WHY DOES POWER KILL?
		If democracy is at the top corner of the political triangle, totalitarian regimes at the lower left corner, and authoritarian regimes--absolute monarchies--at the lower right, then I would place this regime somewhere in the lower middle of the political triangle.
		In the political triangle, with the regime's use of coercion and force to effect a partial socialist transformation of Libya, I would place it towards the lower left of the political triangle, recognizing that Islam and associated tradition is still an essential aspect of Libyan society.
		There are, of course, alternative explanations of the democratic peace which argue that it is not democracy that causes the peace, but something causing the lack of violence that is only accidentally related to democracy.
	www.mega.nu:8080 /ampp/rummel/pk.chap13.htm (3166 words)

	The Price of Patriotism … by Christopher Manion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		This father of totalitarian democracy recognized that the citizen might not freely submit to the will of the tyrant.
		Thus Hobbes’s fallacy is felicitously resolved in totalitarian democracy.
		Indeed, "democracy" as a political symbol is so empty of content that it can be invoked with equal ease as a slogan to refer either to the American founding (although the Founders loathed democracy as tyranny) or to the "Democratic Republic of North Korea."
	www.lewrockwell.com /manion/manion61.html (1598 words)

	Seminary Resources - Columbia International University
		Some First World missionaries have so identified democracy as part of the Christian value system that they preach democracy as being part of the Gospel, thus bringing confusion to their followers by mixing biblical and extra-biblical values as part of their teaching.
		In the centrally planned totalitarian model the entrepreneurial function is centralized in the government and "business people" are only bureaucrats who carry out the government's plans.
		When people are suffering from the results of the democracy trap, and even when our Lord allows His church, in addition, to be persecuted for a long period of time, we must believe that the almighty sovereign God is still working out His plan.
	www.ciu.edu /seminary/resources/articles/missions/democracy_trap.php (2310 words)

	Democracy, Politics, Accountability, Language
		While the author didn't pick the book title, she puts forth a powerful argument about the unintended consequences of implementing laissez-faire free-market democracy with universal suffrage when there is a market-dominant ethnic minority and great disparity between rich and poor.
		Written on the 72nd anniversary of a terrorist act, this article by an author and liberal talk radio host is a brilliant example of rhetoric in describing parallels between the past and our own times and the two past leaders who chose very different courses to bring their nations back to power and prosperity.
		Extremely well-researched description of the Middle America — represented here by Kansas — march to vote against their own economic interests through a diversion to a fight against a cultural elite over what it is to be an authentic American.
	homepage.mac.com /corrp/issues/govern.html (1851 words)

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