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Topic: Towhee

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California Towhee

Canyon Towhee

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	towhee. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Towhees are also called chewinks, for their call, and ground robins, because like robins they are ground feeders—often detected by the rustling noise they make searching through dry underbrush for insects.
		In the male red-eyed towhee, found E of the Great Plains and in parts of Canada, the upper parts are glossy fl and the underparts white with patches of chestnut-brown on the sides.
		The white-eyed towhee is found in the South, and the inconspicuous brown and Abert’s towhees in the West.
	www.bartleby.com /65/to/towhee.html (184 words)

	AllRefer.com - towhee (Vertebrate Zoology) - Encyclopedia
		In the male red-eyed towhee, found E of the Great Plains and in parts of Canada, the upper parts are glossy fl and the underparts white with patches of chestnut-brown on the sides.
		The white-eyed towhee is found in the South, and the inconspicuous brown and Abert's towhees in the West.
		The green-tailed towhee is a western mountain bird.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/T/towhee.html (229 words)

	Birds, Familiar: Eastern Towhee, Life Histories of North American Birds, A.C. Bent
		The Towhees, because of their short wings, cannot fly at much altitude or stay in the air for a long time; so they travel only by fluttering from hedge to hedge, from bush to bush, and they are never seen at the top of tall trees.
		A female Towhee was perched 14 feet high in the top of a flowering dogwood in an old field; in 5 minutes she sang 15 times, then flew down and fell silent.
		Of 81 towhee nests found during the course of the study, only 4, or slightly less than 5 percent were victimized, each to the extent of 1 egg per nest.
	home.bluemarble.net /~pqn/ch31-40/towhee.html (5896 words)

	Towhee - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A Towhee is any one of a number of species of birds in the genus Pipilo within the family Emberizidae (which also includes the buntings, American sparrows, and juncos).
		Towhees typically have longer tails than other emberizids.
		Most species have rather skulking habits, so they are not well known, though the Eastern Towhee P.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Towhee (199 words)

	MCCCS Towhee (Users Manual) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Note that Towhee has a version control number that is related to the input files.
		Towhee outputs quite a bit of run time information to stdout (Fortran unit 6) and normally you will want to redirect this output to a filename of your choosing.
		This is the main input file for Towhee and is generally the only file that needs to be edited on a regular basis.
	www.cs.sandia.gov /projects/towhee/usersmanual.html (1256 words)

	MCCCS Towhee (User Manual)
		Note that Towhee has a version control number that is related to the input files.
		This is the main input file for Towhee and is generally the only file that needs to be edited on a regular basis.
		Towhee outputs quite a bit of run time information to standard output (Fortran unit 6) and normally you will want to redirect this output to a filename of your choosing.
	towhee.sourceforge.net /usersmanual.html (1554 words)

	California Towhee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		California Towhees are relatively common in brushy habitats from southern Oregon to Baja California and from the Pacific inland to the foothills of the Cascades and the Sierra Nevada.
		California Towhees are permanent residents and, except for the dispersal of juveniles away from nesting areas, are quite sedentary.
		Canyon Towhees are distinguished by a paler throat with a necklace of dark spots, a contrasting rufous-brown crown (some Mexican races lack this crown), pale buffy (rather than cinnamon) lores, whitish bellies, and a dark spot below the throat necklace.
	birds.cornell.edu /BOW/CALTOW (623 words)

	Birds and All Nature: The Towhee; Chewink
		This dense growth also fringes the county road which extends from end to end of the grove, and it was from this roadside that towhee first heralded his arrival from the south, during the bright days of late March or early April.
		Twice I have found nests on which the mother towhee was serenely sitting with four eggs of the cowbird beneath her and none of her own.
		The towhee is a fairly common inhabitant of the whole region east of the Rocky Mountains and north to the northern border of the United States, breeding everywhere north of northern Alabama.
	www.birdnature.com /nov1899/towhee.html (904 words)

	Towhee
		Towhee departed Cleveland on 26 May, bound for the Massachusetts coast, via the Canadian ports of Montreal and Halifax, Nova Scotia, and arrived at Boston on 10 June.
		Towhee underwent a material inspection on 19 and 20 March 1969 at the conclusion of her west coast deployment, and the surveying board found the ship unfit for further service.
		Towhee was decommissioned on 30 April 1969, and custody was transferred to the Inactive Ship Facility at Vallejo, Calif. On 1 May Towhee was struck from the Navy list and sold to the Learner Co. of Oakland, Calif., on 6 March for scrapping.
	www.history.navy.mil /danfs/t7/towhee.htm (948 words)

	Canyon Towhee
		The California and Canyon towhees were long considered the same species, called the "Brown Towhee," although birders knew they had different songs and calls.
		The Canyon Towhee forages on the ground for seeds and insects.
		The Canyon Towhee is a year-round resident from western and central Arizona, northern New Mexico, southeastern Colorado and west-central Texas southward.
	www.shawcreekbirdsupply.com /canyon_towhee_info.htm (168 words)

	Rufous-sided Towhee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Towhees spend most of their time on or near the ground.
		Towhee nests are frequent hosts for cowbirds, which lay their eggs here.
		When the eggs hatch, the young are raised by the towhee, thus increasing the size of the cowbird population, and decreasing the numbers of towhees.
	www.mv.com /ipusers/env/towhee.html (215 words)

	Spotted Towhee - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Spotted Towhee, Pipilo maculatus, is a large sparrow.
		The taxonomy of the towhees has been debated in recent decades, and formerly this bird and the Eastern Towhee were considered a single species, the Rufous-sided Towhee.
		This bird interbreeds with the Collared Towhee where their ranges overlap in southwestern Mexico.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Spotted_Towhee (197 words)

	Determination of Age in the Spotted Towhee
		In the Spotted Towhee the shape of the tail varies so widely within each age class that it is not useful in determining the age of an individual.
		However, Spotted Towhees frequently flirt the tail when hopping, and females returning to the nest often perch near it for a few seconds, flip- ping and flirting the tail, before going down to the eggs or young.
		In the Spotted Towhee this structure is very prominent in juveniles, but it disappears rapidly and in most individuals it is indistin- guishable macroscopically by early winter.
	elibrary.unm.edu /sora/Condor/files/issues/v059n03/p0195-p0202.html (6623 words)

	Rufous-sided Towhee
		Tout (1947) found the spotted race of rufous-sided towhee a common resident in Lincoln County, present 31 March to 18 November.
		Rising (1974) considered rufous-sided towhee a low density summer resident in rank growths of riparian thicket in western Kansas.
		Stewart (1975) described rufous-sided towhee habitat in North Dakota as semiopen woodlands with a fairly dense understory of small trees and tall shrubs.
	www.npwrc.usgs.gov /resource/birds/platte/species/pipieryt.htm (394 words)

	iittala Toikka Spotted Towhee - Audubon Society 2006
		The Spotted Towhee is the symbol of the local Tahoma Audubon Society and is a beloved backyard bird of the Northwest United States.
		Oiva Toikka's Spotted Towhee is an opaque bird with a subtle dark-amber glow on its sides and underbelly that illuminate in directional lighting.
		Toikka's Spotted Towhee is a proud bird with a white chest and belly; white, wavy striped wings; and a shiny metallic beak that is set back on its head.
	www.finnishgifts.com /spotted-towhee.html (357 words)

	Utah Division of Wildlife Resources
		Abert's towhee is primarily a ground forager and spends 50-60% of its time scratching on ground or loose litter (Marshall 1960).
		Abert's towhee nests are parasitized more frequently in mesquite than in riparian habitat (Conine 1982), and parasitism is highest during May (45%) and June (67%) (Finch 1983).
		Habitat Requirements: Abert's towhee was formerly a year-round resident of the brushy under-story of cottonwood-willow riparian habitat and mesquite bosques along stream sides below 1,220 m (4,000 ft) elevation (Rosenberg et al.
	dwrcdc.nr.utah.gov /rsgis2/Search/Display.asp?FlNm=pipiaber (353 words)

	Canyon Towhee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Canyon Towhee or Brown Towhee Pipilo fuscus is a bird of the family Emberizidae native to lower-lying areas of the United States.
		The taxonomy of the group of towhees to which this species belongs is At the higher level some authors place towhees in the family Fringillidae.
		Within the genus there has been dispute about whether Brown Towhee is a distinct species from California Towhee Pipilo crissalis found in the coastal regions of western Oregon and California in the United States and Baja California in Mexico.
	www.freeglossary.com /Canyon_Towhee (476 words)

	Birds of Eastern North America - Towhees (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		There is a vigorousness about the Towhee's notes and actions which suggests both a bustling, energetic disposition and a good constitution.
		He greets all passers with a brisk, inquiring chewink, towhee, and if you pause to reply, with a fluff-fluff of his short, rounded wings he flies to a nearby limb to better inspect you.
		This southern race of the Towhee does not associate with the northern bird, which is abundant in the south in the winter.
	www.aboutbirds.org /T/towhee.htm (448 words)

	Canyon Towhee
		The Canyon Towhee or Brown Towhee, Pipilo fuscus, is a bird of the family Emberizidae.
		The taxonomy of the group of towhees to which this species belongs is debated.
		Within the genus, there has been dispute about whether the Brown Towhee is a distinct species from the California Towhee, Pipilo crissalis, found in coastal regions from Oregon and California in the United States through Baja California in Mexico.
	www.beautyofbirds.com /canyontowhees.html (370 words)

	DANFS: USS Towhee (AM-388)
		Towhee then commenced a series of five oceanographic survey operations through the summer of 1966 before assisting in builder's trials for a nuclear submarine in the late summer.
		Towhee headed for Hawaii in April and conducted local operations in the Hawaiian area until 26 November 1968, when the survey ship headed for the west coast.
		Towhee was decommissioned on 30 April 1969, and custody was transferred to the Inactive Ship Facility at Vallejo, Calif. On 1 May 1969, Towhee was struck from the Navy list and sold to the Learner Co. of Oakland, Calif., on 6 March 1970, for scrapping.
	www.ibiblio.org /hyperwar/USN/ships/dafs/AM/am388.html (947 words)

	Eastern Towhee
		The male Eastern Towhee is from 7 to 8.75 inches long, with a wingspan of from 10 to 12.5 inches.
		The Eastern Towhee somewhat resembles a robin, but it is smaller and slimmer, with a distinctive fl head, throat and breast, and a white underside.
		Towhees feed on many berries, and by doing so, propagate the seeds of many useful plants including blueberries, bayberries, strawberries, mulberries, and holly berries.
	www.wbu.com /chipperwoods/photos/etowhee.htm (534 words)

	Eastern Towhee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Eastern Towhee was formerly known as the Rufous-sided Towhee or Red-eyed Towhee.
		Towhees sit at the top of saplings, or on branches of small trees, and sing their song repeatedly.
		The Spotted Towhee (Pipilo maculatus), formerly considered a subspecies of Rufous-sided Towhee, could potentially nest in Missouri as it is a common nesting species in Kansas (Thompson and Ely 1989).
	www.conservation.state.mo.us /nathis/birds/birdatlas/maintext/0400302.htm (452 words)

	California Towhee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The California Towhee Pipilo crissalis is a bird of the family Emberizidae native to the coastal regions of western Oregon and California in the United States and Baja California in Mexico.
		The two populations are quite isolated each other and molecular genetics seems to have settled the matter favour of two distinct species for the On the other hand there seems to little distinction between the northern and Baja populations within P.
		The California Towhee's natural habitat is brush chaparral but it adapts well to urban and gardens.
	www.freeglossary.com /California_Towhee (412 words)

	The California towhee likes leaf litter
		The California Towhees love it and can be heard and seen scratching around in the leaf litter.
		The California Towhee forages in the leaf litter by scratching, with both feet at once, in a fast hopping motion.
		The California Towhee is found in brushy areas west of the Sierras.
	www.laspilitas.com /California_birds/Sparoows_towhees_and_buntings/Caifornia_Towhee/California_Towhees_in_your_garden.htm (177 words)

	Western Pennsylvania Conservancy Daily e-Calendar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The name "towhee," an imitation of this bird's call note, was given in 1731 by the naturalist and bird artist Mark Catesby, who encountered it in the Carolinas.
		Also known as the red-eyed towhee, this eastern bird was earlier combined with the western spotted towhee (P.maculatus) as a single species, the rufous-sided towhee.
		Towhees often feed on the ground, scratching noisily in dry leaves.
	www.wpconline.org /dailyphotos/wpc-d-9-12.asp (284 words)

	Towhees
		A Towhee is any one of a number of species of birds in the genus Pipilo within the family Emberizidae (which also includes the buntings, American sparrows, and juncos).
		Most species have rather skulking habits, so they are not well known, though the Eastern Towhee P.
		There has been considerable debate over the taxonomy of the towhees in recent years.
	www.avianweb.com /towhees.html (237 words)

	From Dictionary of American Fighting Ships
		Towhee then commenced a series of five oceanographic survey operations through the summer of 1965 before assisting in builder's trials for a nuclear submarine in the late summer.
		Towhee headed for Hawaii in April and conducted local operations in the Hawaiian area until 25 Nove mber 1968, when the survey ship headed for the west coast.
		Towhee was decommissioned on 30 April 1969, a nd custody was transferred to the Inactive Ship Facility at Vallejo, Calif. On 1 May 1969, Towhee was struck from the Navy list and sold to the Learner Co. of Oakland, Calif., on 6 March 1970, for scrapping.
	www.hazegray.org /danfs/mine/am388.htm (947 words)

	NatureWorks - Rufous-sided Towhee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The male rufous-sided towhee has a fl head, neck and shoulders, a white chest and rust-red wings and sides.
		The rufous-sided towhee breeds from British Columbia east to Maine and south to California, Louisiana, Florida and Guatemala.
		The rufous-sided towhee lives in thickets and at the edges of brushy woodlands.
	www.nhptv.org /Natureworks/rufoustowhee.htm (224 words)

	Rufous-sided towhee makes its spring debut - PittsburghLIVE.com
		The towhee is not a dooryard bird but will come to feeding stations for suet, oats, flax seeds and wild bird seeds.
		The towhee flashed the white, outer feathers of its long, round tail, scratching for seeds with both feet at the same time like the richly red fox sparrow.
		Rufous-sided towhees often return to their Pennsylvania breeding grounds in April and begin nesting in late April or early May. The nests usually are built on the ground or hidden under a shrub or sapling; second nests often are built somewhat higher.
	www.pittsburghlive.com /x/tribune-review/living/s_65776.html (441 words)

	Towhee
		The Towhee is distinctive in both appearance and call.
		The Eastern Towhee resides year-round in the eastern states, but is shy and difficult to see.
		A close relative is the Spotted Towhee that lives in the western U.S. These two species were once thought to be one, but it was discovered that they do not overlap or interbreed.
	www.jeremiahstokely.com /towhee.htm (271 words)

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