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Topic: Toxicodendron

	PESG Continuing Education
		Toxicodendron, a name predating Linnaeus himself, the father of binomial nomenclature, means 'poison tree.' This genus includes two species each of poison ivy and poison oak, one species of poison sumac, and the Japanese lacquer tree.
		However, Toxicodendrons produces smooth, white fruits that arise in small clusters in the axils of the upper leaves, while in Rhus the fruits are hairy and reddish-brown, and they arise in large clusters at the ends of branches.
		The systematics and ecology of poison-ivy and the poison-oaks (Toxicodendron, Anacardiaceae).
	www.pesgce.com /toxicodendrondermatitis/derm.asp (11162 words)

	Toxicodendron - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Toxicodendron is a genus of woody trees, shrubs and vines in the Anacardiaceae or Sumac Family.
		Asian Poison-ivy (Toxicodendron orientale or Rhus orientale) is very similar to the American Poison-ivy, and replaces it throughout east Asia (so similar that some texts treat it as just a variety of the American species).
		Poison Sumac (Toxicodendron vernix or Rhus vernix) grows exclusively in very wet or flooded soils, in swamps and peat bogs in parts of eastern North America, especially in the coastal plains and the Great Lakes region.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Toxicodendron (1176 words)

	Rhus Toxicodendron: Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Rhus toxicodendron is the homeopathy remedy commonly known as poison ivy.
		The doctor then went on to use the leaves and stalk of the plant in the treatment of skin disease, paralysis, and rheumatic complaints.
		Rhus toxicodendron (Rhus tox.) is a remedy frequently indicated for conditions that are accompanied by fever, swollen glands, inflammation of mucous membranes and/or muscles, skin conditions, and restlessness.
	health.enotes.com /alternative-medicine-encyclopedia/rhus-toxicodendron (1235 words)

	Poison Oak
		Much to the chagrin of unwary gardeners, both poison oak and poison ivy were planted in English gardens for their graceful climbing habit and beautiful autumnal coloration.
		This is how one of the authors (WPA) was rudely initiated into the ranks of poison oak sufferers, after tramping through it for decades with impunity.] Dark resin canals (appearing as fl striations) also occur in the waxy mesocarp of the fruits just beneath the papery skin.
		Toxicodendron is also the updated generic name for poison sumac (T.
	waynesword.palomar.edu /ww0802.htm (4798 words)

	eMedicine - Plant Poisoning, Toxicodendron : Article Excerpt by: Steven L Stephanides, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Background: Toxicodendron dermatitis is an allergic contact dermatitis (allergic phytodermatitis) that occurs from exposure to members of the plant genus Toxicodendron.
		Although a common misconception, fluid from the vesicles of a poison ivy rash does not contain urushiol and is not an irritant source for new lesions.
		Toxicodendron dermatitis is the most common cause of contact dermatitis in the United States, exceeding all other causes combined.
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/byname/plant-poisoning-toxicodendron.htm (415 words)

	BoDD (Botanical Dermatology Database): ANACARDIACEAE: Toxicodendron
		The genus Toxicodendron is the most common cause of contact dermatitis in the USA The species most commonly encountered is T.
		It is estimated that in excess of 50% of the population of the USA is sensitive to poison ivy (Kligman 1958a), this being either a primary sensitivity to T.
		Contact sensitivity to Toxicodendron is most commonly acquired in childhood or early adult life, and tends to decline in later life.
	bodd.cf.ac.uk /BotDermFolder/BotDermA/ANAC-6.html (5062 words)

	botanical.com - A Modern Herbal \| Ivy, Poison - Herb Profile and Information
		Toxicodendron was introduced into England first in 1640, but not used as a medicine till 1798, when Du Fressoy, a physician at Valenciennes, had brought to his notice a young man, who had been cured of a herpetic eruption on his wrist of six years' standing on being accidentally poisoned by this plant.
		He thereupon commenced the use of the plant in the treatment of obstinate herpetic eruptions and in palsy, many cases yielding well to the drug.
		Toxicodendron can be used as a vesicant or blister producer, like cantharides, mezeron, and oil of Mustard.
	www.botanical.com /botanical/mgmh/i/ivypoi17.html (755 words)

	Rhus Research - Poison Ivy, Poison Sumac and Poison Oak
		To complicate matters further, Eastern Poison Ivy (Toxicodendron radicans) has two growth habits, as a sub shrub/groundcover and as a vine, dependent on environmental conditions; which has occasionally resulted in its description as two distinct species (see the discussion of this in Charles Millspaugh's, American Medicinal Plants).
		Rhus-t ("Rhus toxicodendron") = Rhus-r ("Rhus radicans") = Toxicodendron radicans = Eastern Poison Ivy.
		Toxicodendron, though, is more widely accepted for the clearly dermatotoxic members of this group.
	www.wholehealthnow.com /homeopathy_pro/wt15b.html (368 words)

	Electronic Textbook of Dermatology--Botanical Dermatology , Allergic Contact Dermatitis
		The main allergens in toxicodendrons are catechols while the cross-reacting allergens in the listed trees are phenols and resorcinol.
		While this is not a specific finding for members of the genus Toxicodendron, it should alert one to stay away from these plants as potential causes of severe contact dermatitis.
		This result is believable based on the facts that while chrysanthemum allergy is the most common Compositae allergy in Europe, it is extremely rare in Japan where chrysanthemum leaves and flowers are eaten with sushi, salad, and soups.
	www.telemedicine.org /botanica/bot6.htm (7569 words)

	Rhus tree (toxicodendron). DermNet NZ
		Toxicodendron succedaneum is a large shrub or tree, up to 8 m tall, somewhat similar to a sumac tree.
		In Japan, the tree is cultivated for the fruits from which a wax (sumach wax) is extracted for use in varnishes, polishes, ointments, and plasters.
		Toxicodendron dermatitis is the most common cause of contact dermatitis in the United States, exceeding all other causes combined (usually due to contact with Poison Ivy (Toxicodendron radicans) or Poison Oak (Toxicodendron diversilobum).
	www.dermnetnz.org /dermatitis/plants/rhus.html (546 words)

	Poison Ivy
		Toxicodendron, from the Latin toxicum, "poison", and the Greek dendron, "tree"; hence "poison tree"
		Genus Toxicodendron, the poison ivies, oaks, and sumacs
		The most northerly of the Toxicodendron complex, ranging across southern Canada from British Columbia to Nova Scotia, and throughout the northern United States from central Washington and Oregon to New England, extending south to Illinois, Iowa, Nebraska, Kansas, Texas, Arizona, and New Mexico.
	www.rook.org /earl/bwca/nature/shrubs/toxicodendron.html (701 words)

	eMedicine - Plant Poisoning, Toxicodendron : Article by Steven L Stephanides, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Erythema multiforme is an atypical presentation of toxicodendron dermatitis.
		Poison ivy (Toxicodendron rydbergii), poison oak (Toxicodendron diversilobum), and poison sumac (Toxicodendron vernix) are most common in North America.
		Patch testing is discouraged for toxicodendron dermatitis because it might sensitize an unsensitized individual.
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/topic452.htm (2193 words)

	Toxicodendron dermatitis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Toxicodendron dermatitis: A patient presented with an erythematous, pruritus, vescular rash of the arms and lower back 6 hours following clearing brush and debris from his backyard.
		The linear pattern of several areas of the lesions together with the pruritus is suggestive of Toxicodendron dermatitis.
		The clinician must differentiate between the primary dermatitis and a secondary infection by staphylococcal and streptococcal species.
	www.netmedicine.com /photo/pto0033.htm (79 words)

	Rhus Toxicodendron / Poison ivy(fireweed->exnatrem)
		Rhus Toxicodendron is the homeopathic remedy commonly known as poison ivy.
		Rhus Toxicodendron (Rhus tox.) is used frequently for conditions that are accompanied by fever, swollen glands, inflammation of mucous membranes and/or muscles, skin conditions, and restlessness.
		Rhus Toxicodendron should be taken only as directed on the product label directions, or on the recommendation of a physician.
	www.insensual.com /rhto.html (523 words)

	Florida Nature: Toxicodendron radicans - Poison Ivy
		Unless otherwise indicated next to the thumbnail images, all photographs were taken by Emily Earp or Josh Hillman and are copyrighted.
		Toxicodendron radicans - Violet wood sorrels (Oxalis violacea) surrounded by poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans).
		Toxicodendron radicans - This is the same poison ivy vine as in the above photo, taken about 2 weeks later.
	www.floridanature.org /species.asp?species=Toxicodendron_radicans (97 words)

	Poison ivy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans or Rhus toxicodendron) is a plant in the family Anacardiaceae.
		The thick vines of grape, with no rootlets visible, differ from the vines of poison ivy, which have so many rootlets that the stem going up a tree looks furry.
		Toxicodendron - an overview of plants with characteristics like poison ivy.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Poison_ivy (720 words)

	Details - Rhus toxicodendron
		It is united with R. radicans (under that name) by some botanists whilst others split this species off into another genus, Toxicodendron, and unite it with R. radicans as Toxicodendron radicans[200].
		It is relatively simple to distinguish which is which, the poisonous species have axillary panicles and smooth fruits whilst non-poisonous species have compound terminal panicles and fruits covered with acid crimson hairs[1, 4].
		The toxic species are sometimes separated into their own genus, Toxicodendron, by some botanists[200].
	www.sbceo.k12.ca.us /~mcssb/sbpanda/poison_oak.html (557 words)

	Toxicodendron pubescens, poison oak (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Leaflets usually hairy, variable in size and shape but often resembling white oak or post oak leaves, to 15 cm (6 in) long, turning yellow or orange in fall.
		Comment: This and other species of Toxicodendron are capable of causing a severe dermatitis, with itching and swelling of the affected parts.
		Toxicodendron is Greek for "poison tree"; pubescens refers to the hairy leaflets.
	www.biosurvey.ou.edu /shrub/topu2.htm (111 words)

	HON Allergy Glossary Poison (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The poison ivy plant is known as Toxicodendron radicans in the eastern US and T.
		Western poison oak is known as Toxicodendron diversilobum.
		No reaction usually occurs the first time the skin is exposed to the plant.
	www.hon.ch /Library/Theme/Allergy/Glossary/poison.html (237 words)

	Boericke and Tafel, Rhus Toxicodendron 6X, 100 Tablets
		Picture may be of different size or flavor.
		Rhus Toxicodendron (Poison Oak/Ivy) is a homeopathic remedy to alleviate skin conditions associated with itching, redness, and swelling such as allergic rashes, hives, chicken pox, and poison ivy; in addition, it is useful for pain and stiffness of joints or muscles brought on by sprains and over exertion.
		Take when mouth is in natural condition, 1/2 hour before or after eating, brushing teeth, or drinking anything but water.
	www.lifesvigor.com /34813.html (274 words)

	PLANTS Profile for Toxicodendron radicans (eastern poison ivy) \| USDA PLANTS
		PLANTS Profile for Toxicodendron radicans (eastern poison ivy)
		View 22 genera in Anacardiaceae, 7 species in Toxicodendron or click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles.
		Toxicodendron radicans (L.) Kuntze – eastern poison ivy
	plants.usda.gov /java/profile?symbol=TORA2 (337 words)

	A study of Rhus toxicodendron (Poison Ivy) - ABC Homeopathy Forum
		Re: A study of Rhus toxicodendron (Poison Ivy) From kuldeep on 2006-11-08
		Re: A study of Rhus toxicodendron (Poison Ivy) From gavinimurthy on 2006-11-08
		She knew everything about all book, ie which book was moist, which smelled good and which was crispy.
	www.abchomeopathy.com /forum2.php/89415/2 (2312 words)

	Rhus - Webled.com
		[ Oft wird Rhus toxicodendron gebraucht, wenn sich ein erhitzter Körper ]...
		[ Ferner ist Rhus toxicodendron ein wichtiges Heilmittel bei Krankheiten ]...
		[ Deshalb wird Rhus toxicodendron auch als Sportler- oder Athletenmittel ]...
	www.webled.com /Rhus.htm (185 words)

	Rhus Toxicodendron 30X from HYLANDS
		Rhus Toxicodendron (Poison Oak/Ivy) is a homeopathic remedy to
		The Rhus Toxicodendron 30X - Sale Price: $5.10 - Vitamins or Herbs Should be taken as directed on the bottle.
		VitaNet Is an Authorized Distributor of Rhus Toxicodendron 30X from HYLANDS Products.
	vitanetonline.com /product.cfm?product=HY0154 (264 words)

	PLANTS Profile for Toxicodendron vernix (poison sumac) \| USDA PLANTS
		PLANTS Profile for Toxicodendron vernix (poison sumac)
		See county distributions for the following states by clicking on them below or on the map.
		Toxicodendron vernix (L.) Kuntze occures in the following states: Alabama, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia
	plants.usda.gov /java/profile?symbol=TOVE (334 words)

	Rhus Toxicodendron - Homeopathic Remedies
		Rhus Toxicodendron affects fibrous tissue markedly - joints, tendons, sheaths - aponeurosis, etc., producing pains and stiffness.
		Has pronounced YEARLY worse (Laches.) Rhus Toxicodendron Radicans has headache in OCCIPUT even pain in nape of neck and from there pains draw over the head Forwards).
		The following are the strongest indications of Rhus Toxicodendron for its use in homeopathy.
	www.abchomeopathy.com /r.php/Rhus-t (4577 words)

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