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Topic: Toxodon

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	Art, Literature and History Crawling with Dinosaurs-Toxodon Depicted on Pre-Columbian,Lambayeque (Peruvian) Whistling ...
		There have been numerous other discoveries of anomalies related to the toxodon, including an arrow or spear found in the thigh bone of one such animal.
		Toxodon is a genus of mammals, now extinct, that lived in the late Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs in South America.
		It's head was very similar to th one of the rhino, and it is very probable that the Toxodon ate grass that was cut with their incisors and crushed with molars.
	www.s8int.com /dinolit15.html (1163 words)

	Toxodontia - LoveToKnow 1911
		They all show signs of distant kinship to the Perissodactyla, as regards both limb-structure and dentition; while some exhibit resemblance to the Rodents and Hyraxes - resemblances which, however, are probably to be attributed to parallelism in development.
		The typical genus Toxodon is represented by animals the size of a (From British Museum [Nat.
		The complete skeleton is not yet known, but it is ascertained that the femur differs from that of Toxodon in the retention of a third trochanter.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Toxodontia (540 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Toxodon
		Toxodon is a genus of mammals, similar to the capybara but now extinct, that lived in the late Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs in South America.
		Toxodon fossils were studied by Charles Darwin on his voyage on the Beagle.
		Most of the group became extinct after the landbridge between North and South America was formed allowing similar mammals to enter South America, out-compete the native fauna and ultimately cause the extinction of the Notoungulates.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Toxodon (850 words)

	Notoungulata - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Examples of this are Pachyrukhos, a Notoungulate that evolved to fill the role of rabbits and hares and Homalodotherium which evolved to resemble chalicotheres.
		During the Pleistocene Toxodon was the largest common Notoungulate.
		Most of the group became extinct after the landbridge between North and South America was formed allowing similar mammals to enter South America, out-compete the native fauna and ultimately cause the extinction of the Notoungulates.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Notoungulata (159 words)

	TOXODONTIA - Online Information article about TOXODONTIA
		Under the sub-order Toxodontia may be inciuded not only the typical Toxodon, but the more aberrant Typotherium (fig.
		skeleton is not yet known, but it is ascertained that the femur differs from that of Toxodon in the retention of a third trochanter.
		Toxodon is typified by T. platensis from the Pampean formation of Buenos Aires.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /TOO_TUM/TOXODONTIA.html (748 words)

	Toxodon (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Toxodon From Sterwiki Toxodon is de bekendste vertegenwoordiger van de uitgestorven hoefdiergroep Notungulata uit Zuid-Amerika.
		Toxodon was een 270 cm lang dier met een schofthoogte van 170 cm en een gewicht van circa een ton.
		Toxodon had waarschijnlijk vlezige lippen om planten te pakken en aan de hand van het gebit kan geoordeeld worden dat dit dier zich met zowel taaie grassen als bladeren voedde.
	www.1000vragen.nl /financieel_nieuws/2005/03/30/finnieuws_Toxodon.html (153 words)

	Demise of Atlantis and the Pleistocene Extinction
		The horse is merely the tip of the iceberg: giant tortoises living in the Caribbean Sea, the giant sloth, the sabre-toothed tiger, the glyptodont and toxodon.
		Woolley rhinoceros, mastodons, glyptodonts, toxodons, giant beavers, giant jaguars, giant ground sloths and scores of other entire species were all totally wiped out at the end of the Pleistocene.
		Whole mastodons, toxodons, giant sloths and other animals were found in Venezuela quick-frozen among the mountain glaciers (Berlitz, 1969), while massive piles of mastodon and sabre-toothed tiger bones were discovered in Florida (Valentine, 1969).
	www.atlantisquest.com /Paleontology.html (1854 words)

	Art, Literature and History Crawling with Dinosaurs-Toxodon Depicted on Pre-Columbian,Lambayeque (Peruvian) Whistling ...
		There have been numerous other discoveries of anomalies related to the toxodon, including an arrow or spear found in the thigh bone of one such animal.
		Toxodon is a genus of mammals, now extinct, that lived in the late Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs in South America.
		It's head was very similar to th one of the rhino, and it is very probable that the Toxodon ate grass that was cut with their incisors and crushed with molars.
	s8int.com /dinolit15.html (1163 words)

	Toxodon
		Darwin escribió: "¡Qué maravillosamente mezclados están diferentes órdenes en varios puntos de la estructura del Toxodon!".
		Ahora sabemos que el Toxodon, como otros herbívoros de América del Sur, no estaba cercanamente emparentado con ninguno de los grupos conocidos de mamíferos de otras partes del mundo.
		El Toxodon fue uno de los últimos y más grande.
	www.oni.escuelas.edu.ar /2001/santa-fe-sur/dinosaurios/dinosaur/toxod.htm (124 words)

	[No title]
		The Dinosaur Mountain of Lufeng is the most primitive, eldest and richest treasure house of fossils of the vertebrates and at the same time the treasure house of the greatest in number of the dinosaur fossils in the world.
		Triconodon, Toxodon of Triconodon Family lived in different periods and they were originated from Africa and Europe respectively.
		The discovery at the same area and in the same layer of Dinosaur Mountain of Lufeng shows that Lufeng is the richest area for dinosaurs and Triconodon and the best region for the study of their evolution.
	english.yunnan.cn /content/att/Lufeng.htm (587 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		Toxodon ("Archer's bow teeth") is a genus of extinct South American ungulate, ecologically similar to the hippopotamus, that lived in the late Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs in South America.
		Toxodon was among the few notoungulates to survive the Great American Interchange, and is presumed to have died out due to climatic changes during the Pleistocene.
		Its fossils were first studied by Charles Darwin on his voyage on the Beagle.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Toxodon (152 words)

	Amazon.com: toxodon (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The notoungulate Toxodon was a thickly built, large-skulled...
		smilodon, the saber-toothed tiger; and toxodon, a large and dozy-looking creature...
		Glyptodon, a giant armadillo; and Toxodon, a strange animal resembling a...
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=toxodon&tag=lexico&index=blended&link_code=qs&page=1 (983 words)

	ThothWeb - Suppressed evidence of human antiquity
		From 1912 to 1914 Carlos Ameghino found a series of stone implements, including bolas (throwing balls), and signs of fire in Late Pliocene strata 3 to 5 million years old at Miramar, on the Argentine coast.
		He also found a stone arrowhead firmly embedded in the femur of a Pliocene species of Toxodon, an extinct mammal.
		In 1913 his coworker Lorenzo Parodi found a bola stone in a Pliocene cliff at Miramar.
	www.thothweb.com /content-554.html (2858 words)

	Yunnan Tourism - Destination Guide of lufeng, the homeland of dinosaur (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Dinosaur Mountain of Lufeng is the most primitive, eldest and richest treasure house of fossils of the vertebrates and the greatest in number of the dinosaur fossils in the world.
		Triconodon, Toxodon of Triconodon Family lived in different periods and they were originated from Africa and Europe respectively.
		The discovery at the same area and in the same layer of Dinosaur Mountain of Lufeng shows that Lufeng is the richest area for dinosaurs and Triconodon and the best region for the study of their evolution.
	www.yunnantourism.com /other/dinosaur.html (485 words)

	Sloths showcase (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The "Sloths" showcase contains fossils of the giant sloth and the Toxodon animal.
		Unlike the giant fossil sloths, the recent ones live in trees, often hanging from branches.
		The Toxodon-animal - Toxodon platensis - is visible to the far left in this picture.
	www.toyen.uio.no /palmus/galleri/montre/english/m_dovendyr_e.htm (65 words)

	Hidden History of the Human Race - 05
		But Carlos Ameghino reported that the toxodon he found at Miramar, an adult specimen, was smaller than those in the upper, more recent levels of the Argentine stratigraphic sequence.
		Carlos Ameghino believed his Miramar toxodon was of the Chapadmalalan species Toxodon chapalmalensis, first identified by F. Ameghino, and characterized by its small size.
		That such a point should be found in a formation dating back as much as 3 million years provokes serious questions about the version of human evolution presented by the modern scientific establishment, which holds that 3 million years ago we should find only the most primitive australopithecines at the vanguard of the hominid line.
	www.bibliotecapleyades.net /ciencia/hiddenhistory/hiddenhistory05.htm (10716 words)

	Charles Darwin - South American Geology Page 86
		A little below the mouth of the Carcarana, the two skeletons of Mastodon were found; on the banks of this river, near S. Miguel, I found teeth of the Mastodon and Toxodon; and "Falkner" (page 55) describes the osseous armour of some great animal; I heard of many other bones in this neighbourhood.
		The furthest point westward in the Pampas, at which I have HEARD of fossil bones, was high up on the banks of R. Quinto.
		In Entre Rios, besides the remains of the Mastodon, Toxodon, Equus, and a great Dasypoid quadruped near St. Fe Bajada, I received an account of bones having been found a little S.E. of P. Gorda (on the Parana), and of an entire skeleton at Matanzas, on the Arroyo del Animal.
	charles-darwin.classic-literature.co.uk /south-american-geology/ebook-page-86.asp (511 words)

	D. Croft SA Mammals: Notoungulata
		Notoungulates are united by characters of the ear region and the dentition, including the presence of a loph on the upper molars known as the "crochet".
		Thus, with the exception of Toxodon, the notoungulate radiation was an exclusively South American phenomenon.
		Toxodontia includes medium to large rhino or horse-like animals; the group is named for its most recent representative, Toxodon, which survived until the Pleistocene megafaunal extinction some 10,000 years ago.
	www.dcpaleo.org /Research/SAMammals/Notoungulata/Notoungulata.html (285 words)

	ITV - Prehistoric Park - Episodes
		Within the Cenozoic, in the late Tertiary and early Quaternary periods, landmasses were on the move and the Great Ice Age was changing the climate.
		South America was isolated for over 30 million years, allowing all sorts of weird and wonderful creatures to evolve on her vast grassy plains including the imposing Toxodon.
		Travelling three million years back in time, Nigel’s jeep plunges through a herd of Toxodon and they don’t take kindly to his presence.
	prehistoricpark.itv.com /episode4.htm (348 words)

	Niles Eldredge - The Darwin Blogs
		The remainder of his birds went to the ornithologist John Gould—who would soon tell him that the mélange of little nondescript fl or greenish birds from the Galapagos formed a closely related group of some 13 species of finches.
		Darwin had supposed that Toxodon was a giant form of rodent (after all, the largest living species of rodent in the world is the South American capybara).
		Darwin had bought this Toxodon skull from a farmer in Patagonia; he had found it leaning up against a fence on a hacienda, and bought it for next to nothing.
	www.nileseldredge.com /darwin_blogs_030.htm (1491 words)

	Govardhan Hill Publishing--The Hidden History of the Human Race--Sample Chapter
		But Carlos Ameghino reported that the toxodon he found at Miramar, an adult specimen, was smaller than those in the upper, more recent levels of the Argentine stratigraphic sequence.
		Furthermore, Carlos Ameghino directly compared his Chapadmalalan toxodon femur with femurs of toxodon species from more recent formations and observed: The femur of Miramar is on the whole smaller and more slender.
		That such a point should be found in a formation dating back as much as 3 million years provokes serious questions about the version of human evolution presented by the modern scientific establishment, which holds that 3 million years ago we should find only the most primitive australopithecines at the vanguard of the hominid line.
	nersp.cns.ufl.edu /~ghi/hhhrchap.html (10892 words)

	5. Bahia Blanca Page 1
		Eighthly, a tooth of a Pachydermatous animal, probably the same with the Macrauchenia, a huge beast with a long neck like a camel, which I shall also refer to again.
		Lastly, the Toxodon, perhaps one of the strangest animals ever discovered: in size it equalled an elephant or megatherium, but the structure of its teeth, as Mr.
		The remains of these nine great quadrupeds, and many detached bones, were found embedded on the beach, within the space of about 200 yards square.
	www.web-books.com /Classics/Nonfiction/Science/Darwin_Beagle/BeagleC5P1.htm (968 words)

	Darwin \| American Museum of Natural History
		Paleontologist Richard Owen analyzed the fossil mammals from the Beagle voyage.
		This life-sized lithograph of the Toxodon skull by artist George Scharf was part of the Zoology of the Voyage of H.M.S. Beagle, edited by Darwin.
		In it the young naturalist described the habitats and behaviors of the living species he had collected, and the localities from which his fossils had come.
	www.amnh.org /exhibitions/darwin/idea/man.php (860 words)

	TOXODON (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Tis is another of the genders i could identify in the area of Mar de Ajó.
		Although a piece of an epiphysis is not representative evidence, I am sure this finding is enough to say that Toxodon platensis lived there.
		Toxodonts were herbivorous mamales that used to live in riversides and lakes, we believe they had a semi accuatic life, like hippopotamus.
	www.todomardeajo.com.ar /mardeajofosil/toxodoneng.htm (73 words)

	Re: Toxodon
		S.M. Moore wrote: > I found a brief mention of a 'now extinct creature' labeled > 'toxodon' in a book copyright 1956.
		*Toxodon* is a notoungulate mammal (suborder Toxodontia) from the late Pliocene-Pleistocene of South America.
		A rather rhinoceros-looking animal, *Toxodon* is one of the taxa Darwin collected from Patagonia during the Beagle expedition.
	dml.cmnh.org /1996Nov/msg00550.html (71 words)

	Toxodon Information
		Toxodon is a genus of mammals, similar to the capybara but now extinct, that lived in the late Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs in South America.
		Toxodon fossils were studied by Charles Darwin on his voyage on the Beagle.
		Toxodon platensis - brief description and fossil skull
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Toxodon (80 words)

	The Darwin Correspondence Online Database (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Judging from the references to stages of proof, it precedes the next two letters to Owen (both believed to have been written on 28 December 1837).
		Part I, No. 1, of Zoology, which contained the Toxodon section, appeared in February 1838 (see Freeman 1977, p. 26).
		Owen's description of Toxodon and CD's geological introduction were the subjects of earlier papers read at the Geological Society (see Owen 1837, read 19 April 1837; CD's ‘A sketch of the deposits containing extinct Mammalia in the neighbourhood of the Plata’, read 3 May 1837, Collected papers 1: 44–5).
	darwin.lib.cam.ac.uk /perl/nav/?pclass=letter&pkey=389 (427 words)

	APP 46 (2) 2001
		Toxodon (Order Notoungulata) had an enlarged medial trochlear ridge (MTR) similar to those seen in horses.
		The MTR of horses serves to ‘lock’ the patella and ligaments in the proximal position and it likely function the same for Toxodon.
		The patella of Toxodon has a medial process that would have locked by wrapping around the MTR.
	app.pan.pl /acta46-2.htm (2716 words)

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