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Topic: Toynbee

	Arnold Toynbee Study of History
		Toynbee, a prolific author, was the nephew of a great economic historian, Arnold Toynbee, with whom he is sometimes confused.
		Toynbee was interested in the seeming repetition of patterns in history and, later, in the origins of civilisation.
		Toynbee’s books, huge in scale, achieved wide prominence but he was more admired by the History reading public than by fellow historians, who criticised him for contorting information to fit his alleged patterns of history.
	www.age-of-the-sage.org /philosophy/history/toynbee_study_history.html (446 words)

	residential settlements and social change @ the informal education homepage
		Toynbee Hall, although headed by a clergyman, did not require residents to be Christian; or indeed to subscribe to any particular ideology.
		Toynbee will aim for a diverse community; residents will be of all political persuasions and none; all religious groups and none; and all income groups.
		Toynbee’s aim is to ensure that through the programme residents will strengthen their existing skills and develop new aspects.
	www.infed.org /association/toynbee.htm (1672 words)

	Malaspina Great Books - Arnold Joseph Toynbee (1889)
		Toynbee was criticized for his emphasis on religion and for sweeping theories often employing myth and metaphor as models and supporting evidence.
		To Toynbee, only Western Christian civilization was in a thriving state, the others having gone through the three stages of breakdown: 1) a failure of creative power in the creative minority; 2) the withdrawal of allegiance to the ruling minority on the part of the majority; and 3) the consequent loss of social unity.
		Toynbee proposed instead that the rise and fall of secular civilizations fed the constant rise of higher religions, notably Christianity: "The breakdowns and disintegrations of civilizations might be the stepping-stones to higher things on the religious plane"[3].
	www.malaspina.org /home.asp?topic=./search/details&lastpage=./search/results&ID=313 (1195 words)

	Victorian London - Education - Education for the poor- Toynbee Hall
		The audience, I was told, was a curiously mixed one, containing a good many from the social stratum to which Toynbee belonged, as well as the workingmen hearers whom he particularly invited; and among the latter there was a decided undercurrent of criticism and not a little interpellation of the speaker.
		Toynbee Hall, while a memorial to Arnold Toynbee, is also a monument to Samuel A. Barnett, whose ideas it embodies.
		Toynbee Hall seems to be a centre of education, a mission, a polytechnic, another example of philanthropic machinery; it is really a club, and the various activities have their root and their life in the individuality of its members.
	www.victorianlondon.org /education/toynbee.htm (4779 words)

	Background Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Toynbee felt that all historical signifigance was based on the major religious movements at any given time or place and, accordingly, he wrote his history based on the revolution and connectivity of religions and major historical events.
		Toynbee was also a religious man himself, but this is not to say he was a non-secular academic.
		Since both Toynbee and Kubrick are English and one of the plaques mentions that the subject is hiding out in Dover, England, we can assume that the subject is at least European, if not English or American, in that he was born and/or lives there now.
	www.toynbee.net /toynbee.html (1176 words)

	Policy for dealing with racist incidents - Toynbee Housing Association (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Toynbee encourages its residents to report any racist incident, whether they are victims of, or witnesses to, such incidents.
		Toynbee has adopted the definition or racist incident as stated in recommendation 12 of the Stephen Lawrence Inquiry Report: “Any incident which is perceived to be racist by the victim or any other person”.
		From Toynbee’s point of view, this will include possession action against the tenant where they, or a member of their family or their guest, have been the perpetrator of either an extreme case of racial harassment, or of continued or persistent racial harassment against one or more individuals, families or groups of people.
	www.toynbeeha.co.uk /pages/racinc.asp (1159 words)

	Arnold Joseph Toynbee — FactMonster.com
		Toynbee, Arnold Joseph, 1889–1975, English historian; nephew of Arnold
		Educated at Oxford, he served in the British foreign office during World Wars I and II and was a delegate (1919) to the Paris Peace Conference.
		The main thesis of the work is that the well-being of a civilization depends on its ability to respond successfully to challenges, human and environmental.
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/people/A0849198.html (242 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Toynbee, (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Toynbee, Arnold Joseph 1889-1975, English historian; nephew of Arnold Toynbee.
		Toynbee, Arnold, 1852-83, English economic historian, philosopher, and reformer.
		Toynbee Hall, the first settlement house, was opened in 1884 with Barnett as its first warden.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Toynbee, (594 words)

	AtlanticBlog: Polly Toynbee, tax cheat (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Toynbee is angry after going to a session organized by a firm of financial advisors, because they laid of strategies for avoiding taxes.
		Toynbee is not altogether specific what she means by "fair share", but I gather at a minimum that those who are better off should pay more.
		Although Toynbee does not share the usual Guardian proclivity to get all gooey and romantic about mass murderers, she does share he usual proclivity of Guardian writers to treat other people as needing the mandatory guidance of the more enlightened folk, as in the kinds of people who write for the Guardian.
	www.atlanticblog.com /archives/002215.html (1089 words)

	Toynbee, Arnold Joseph - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		TOYNBEE, ARNOLD JOSEPH [Toynbee, Arnold Joseph] 1889-1975, English historian; nephew of Arnold Toynbee.
		A prolific scholar, Toynbee achieved his greatest fame for his monumental work, A Study of History (12 vol., 1934-61), which appeared in an abridgment by D. Somervell (2 vol., 1946-57).
		Toynbee helped to write and edit A Survey of International Affairs and produced works on a multitude of historical topics.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-toynbeea1j1.html (411 words)

	Toynbee and Son
		Toynbee and Son takes you on a rollercoaster journey through the lives of Toynbee (the son) and Son (the father).
		Toynbee will take you on a quest that will make your heart ache and bring you back to discover that a father’s love for his son and a son’s love for his father are unconquerable.
		Toynbee was about to open the door and head across the street when he heard a distinct "click." He looked to his left, and he was staring in the barrel of a very big handgun.
	www.authorhouse.com /BookStore/ItemDetail~bookid~11143.aspx (1054 words)

	Arnold J. Toynbee / Challenge and Response
		From 1925 to 1955, when he retired, Toynbee held the Chair of research professor of International History at the University of London, and was also the director of studies at the Royal Institute of International Affairs.
		Toynbee's research focused on questions of how civilizations were created and why some flourished while others failed.
		Toynbee discovered that challenges (such as those of climate and foreign invasion) great enough to cause extinction of culture if not met successfully, but not so severe that the culture could not respond creatively, was the ideal condition in which great civilizations developed.
	www.cooperativeindividualism.org /toynbee_challenge_and_response.html (4002 words)

	First World War.com - Who's Who - Arnold Toynbee
		Toynbee established for himself a reputation as a noted historian with a background in Hellenic and Byzantine affairs following his education at Oxford University.
		After the war Toynbee was Professor of Modern Greek and Byzantine History at the University of London from 1919-24 and served from 1925 until his retirement in 1955 as Director of Studies at the Royal Institute of International Affairs, in addition to serving as Research Professor of International History at the University of London.
		Toynbee, who published many works including his influential twelve-volume A Study of History (1934-61, a comparative study of 26 civilisations in world history), served once again in the Foreign Office during the Second World War.
	www.firstworldwar.com /bio/toynbee.htm (277 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Magazine \| Faces of the week
		Polly Toynbee has long been a Labour Party supporter apart from a period in the 1980s when she and her husband, the late Peter Jenkins, supported the SDP breakaway party.
		In 2003, Polly Toynbee, together with journalist David Walker, who is also her partner, published a book entitled Hard Work: Life in Low-Pay Britain for which she spent some time working at menial jobs that paid the minimum wage.
		Her father was the literary critic Philip Toynbee, her grandfather the historian Arnold J. Toynbee while on her mother's side, she is a descendant of the 9th Earl of Carlisle.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/magazine/6180236.stm (1169 words)

	Political Studies Association
		Polly Toynbee’s pieces are never merely polemical, however; instead, they combine a worthwhile cause with detailed presentation of fact, with careful attention to accuracy, and written with sensitivity and often anger and concern.
		Polly Toynbee was born in 1946 on the Isle of Wight.
		Polly Toynbee’s Guardian columns serve as a critical assessment of political, social and economic inequality in modern Britain.
	www.psa.ac.uk /awards2003/toynbee.htm (430 words)

	Toynbee tiles - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Toynbee tiles (also called Toynbee plaques) are messages of mysterious origin found embedded in asphalt in several major cities in the United States, and in three South American capitals as well.
		The "toynbee" referred to in the text is almost certainly Arnold J. Toynbee, a famous historian.
		A possible interpretation is that the Toynbee reference comes from the science fiction writer Ray Bradbury's short story "The Toynbee Convector", which alludes to Toynbee's idea that in order to survive, humankind must always rush to meet the future, i.e.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Toynbee_tiles (1721 words)

	Mysteries underfoot: Pedestrians have long wondered over Toynbee tiles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Toynbee tiles are guerrilla art versions of crop circles, one of the mysteries of Pittsburgh that Michael Chabon hasn't weighed in on.
		Toynbee's theories are demonstrated in Kubrick's "2001: A Space Odyssey," Mr.
		Toynbee and Clarke were fellow countrymen, and Clarke may well have read some Toynbee.
	www.post-gazette.com /pg/06151/694320-42.stm (1425 words)

	toynbee tile (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Toynbee tile implementing those toynbee tile well are vital steps toynbee tile reducing tobacco toynbee tile and ETS exposure.
		In setting priorities for toynbee tile selection of interventions to meet local toynbee tile recommendations and other evidence provided in the toynbee tile Guide should be toynbee tile along with such toynbee tile information as resource availability.
		The toynbee tile manual was developed to toynbee tile a toynbee tile resource for state toynbee tile toynbee tile and.
	hometown.aol.com /woman1having1sex/toynbee-tile.html (349 words)

	6abc.com: Special Report: Matt Investigates The Mystery of Philadelphia's "Toynbee Tiles"
		Toynbee tiles, as they are commonly known, have been appearing on big city intersections since the 1980s.
		Toynbee investigators claim a tile in Rio de Janiero said: "Escriva: Toynbee A, 2624 S. 7th Street Phila, PA, 19148-4610, USA." They say it was near an actual Toynbee tile, at the same intersection.
		Perhaps "Toynbee idea" is talking about one of his many theories on man, his place in this world, and what he may or may not do to seek improvement, and sustain his existence.
	abclocal.go.com /wpvi/story?section=local&id=4306927 (1931 words)

	The Barnetts and Toynbee Hall
		Toynbee Hall was the first university settlement - and became a model for those that followed.
		As well as undertaking university teaching Toynbee was committed to the development of adult education opportunities for the working class - and worked with Barnett in this area.
		He was a different to previous wardens in that he came into university settlement work (at Ancoats, Manchester) via unionism (he was apprenticed as a jeweller).
	www.infed.org /walking/wa-toynbee.htm (496 words)

	(TOYNBEE-OZDEMIR) Tall Armenian Tale: The Other Side of the Falsified Genocide
		Toynbee was one of the earlier defenders of the Clash of Civilizations Theory.
		Arnold Toynbee’s first book was actually a 159 page book of war propaganda material, that he never mentions among his works.
		The major difference between A. Toynbee and Jean Paul Sartre or Bernard Russell is that he represents the British Government, not himself as an intellectual.
	www.tallarmeniantale.com /toynbee-ozdemir.htm (2491 words)

	Biografia de Arnold Toynbee
		Toynbee escribió numerosas obras sobre los diversos aspectos de los asuntos internacionales, sobre todo referidos al Cercano y Medio Oriente; pero su labor más importante se refiere a la historia comparada de la civilización.
		Estimaba Toynbee que toda comprensión adecuada de las razones que justificaran tales decadencias debía presuponer un estudio comparativo de las civilizaciones.
		Estas civilizaciones, en la definición fenomenológica de Toynbee, no adquirieron existencia por motivos raciales ni a causa de una dotación geográfica favorable; tomaron cuerpo como series de respuestas íntegramente relacionadas con una serie de desafíos en situaciones de dificultad especial.
	www.biografiasyvidas.com /biografia/t/toynbee.htm (739 words)

	Judaism & Zoroastrianism as militant anti-Hellenic movements
		Arnold J. Toynbee, a sentimentalist and utopian, was one of the leading minds of the British Empire.
		Arnold J. Toynbee (1889-1975) was the nephew of Arnold Toynbee (1852-1883).
		Toynbee thus agrees on the pivotal role of the Persian Empire in the formation of Judaism, but, despite his encyclopedic knowledge, did not comprehend the influence Zoroastrianism, as the religion of the First Persian Empire, had on Judaism.
	users.cyberone.com.au /myers/toynbee.html (19276 words)

	spengler and toynbee
		Germinating from this, and directly influenced by his method, the works of Toynbee emerged, with a characteristic religious emphasis, applying the Spenglerian root idea from a different perspective, and attempting to isolate twenty-one civilizations, each evidently to constitute a cycle in itself.
		Toynbee had a better realization of the sequence of civilizations, and was driven, most significantly, by the evidence of history itself to see a distinction between the primary, secondary, and tertiary.
		Toynbee and History (Boston: Porter Sargeant, 1956), Ashley Montagu (ed.), Pieter Geyl, Debates With Historians (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1955), Marvin Perry, Arnold Toynbee and the Western Tradition (New York: Peter Lang, 1996).
	www.history-and-evolution.com /2nd/chapfive5_9_1.htm (2638 words)

	Francisco Gavilan Pineiro
		The Toynbee Hall Art Club was founded by Charles Robert Ashbee, a father of the Arts and Crafts Movement, during his period of residence at the Toynbee Hall.
		In 1886 he was selected as a resident at the Toynbee Hall Universities’ Settlement, and began training to be an architect under G.F. Bodley.
		The present Toynbee Art Club focuses on life drawing, however, we intend to expand our field of interest, and rekindle the pioneering spirit of our founding father, with a more active goal of once again teaching the craft of drawing and painting in the ethos of Ruskin and the Old Masters at the Toynbee Hall.
	www.e.millner.btinternet.co.uk /fran/spanish.htm (649 words)

	Toynbee Arnold Joseph - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Toynbee, Arnold Joseph (1889-1975), British historian, known for his view of the past as a succession of civilizations rather than political entities.
		Toynbee, Arnold, Broadcast news summary (quotations): United States: America is a large, friendly…
		America is a large, friendly dog in a very small room.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Toynbee_Arnold_Joseph.html (124 words)

	(TOYNBEE-BLUE BOOK) Tall Armenian Tale: The Other Side of the Falsified Genocide
		Upon the Armenians' 50th Anniversary Commemoration in 1965, an Armenian-American lady named Etmekjian wrote to Toynbee (the contents of her March 1, 1966 letter are unknown, as is her follow-up) and the two letters Toynbee wrote in response revealed the historian made no reference to genocide....
		When Toynbee was concerned such accounts of Armenian treachery were occasionally alluded to in the no-longer-as-tightly-controlled post-war press, he wrote in a Sept. 26, 1919 memo (F.O. 371/3404/162647, p.
		Suddenly Arnold Toynbee doesn’t strike one as a fellow where truth was his prerogative, and his statement explaining his motivation “to make the truth known” sounds very hollow.
	www.tallarmeniantale.com /toynbee-documents.htm (5030 words)

	Toynbee
		The astonishing fact about A.Toynbee is, that he designed a framework of the dynamics of civilization, in such a way, that events can be better understood.
		First admired, then maligned, Toynbee has regained considerable respect in current times, in which increasingly becomes clear, how right he was.
		Vitalized by the influx of and mixing with the former barbarians...this new religion will then be slowly penetrate the various sectors of society, transforming them according to the new teachings, starting a new round of civilization.
	members.tripod.com /thegreatlearning/toynbee.htm (1921 words)

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