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Topic: Track ballast

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	Tracklaying
		The track is usually sold in 1 yard (914mm) lengths and may be laid curved or straight or any combination you wish.
		Flexible track is more work to set up, but the extra time and effort rewards you with less joins, more realistic looking curves and often a cash saving as flex track is usually cheaper than the equivalent length of set track.
		If standard track is put on the floor, especially on carpet, then no matter how clean you think it is, trust me, grit, hairs, fluff, cotton and things you never knew were on the floor will get inside and ruin the mechanism.
	www.hobbiesplus.com.au /tracklaying.htm (1491 words)

	Track Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		The track is the most obvious part of a railway route but there is a sub-structure supporting the track which is equally as important in ensuring a safe and comfortable ride for the train and its passengers or freight.
		Ballast is provided to give support, load transfer and drainage to the track and thereby keep water away from the rails and sleepers.
		There is also a section of track on either side of a curve known as the transition, where the track is changing from straight to a curve or from a curve of one radius to one of another radius.
	www.railway-technical.com /track.html (4354 words)

	TGVweb - LGV Track Construction
		The track laying process is not particularly specialized to high speed lines; the same general technique is applicable to any track that uses continuous welded rail.
		A first layer of ballast is dumped directly onto the track, and a tamping-lining-levelling machine, riding on the rails, forces the stones underneath the ties.
		Each pass of this machine can raise the level of the track by 8 cm (3 inches), so several passes of ballasting and of the machine are needed to build up a layer of ballast at least 32 cm (1 foot) think under the ties.
	www.trainweb.org /tgvpages/track.html (1407 words)

	Steve's Page on Track Basics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		The ballast on the prototype serves a number of purposes among which are helping to hold the track in place and drainage.
		With plastic sleepered track it is a simple matter to cut away the moulded chairs on the sleeper on either side of the join to make room for the rail joiner without having to leave an unsightly gap.
		The tracks that you lay should be checked thoroughly using all of the appropriate gauges when it is first laid and again once all of the ballast and other scenic features have been added.
	rail.felgall.com /tb.htm (1927 words)

	Stone metering system for railroad track maintenance vehicle - Patent 5584641
		In operation, the track lifting device raises the track rails and the ties to which the rails are secured, which creates a void beneath the ties.
		A conventional track lifting device (not shown) carried on the superstructure 14 raises both the track rails and the ties to which the rails are secured, thereby creating a void beneath the raised ties.
		On railroad track with significant cant, the offset of the splitter 28a-d may be adjusted to compensate for the angle of the vehicle and provide for accurate distribution of the stone between the two blow tubes.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5584641.html (5388 words)

	Track ballast - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Track ballast, consisting of gravel, cinders or other aggregate, forms the trackbed upon which railroad ties (US) or railway sleepers (UK) are laid.
		Such a track is also used to bring the Space Shuttle to its launching pad.
		In the Midwest, for example, much use was made of quartzite, while states in the southeast, such as Florida, made use of limestone.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Track_ballast (180 words)

	Railway Age
		When the first track was laid, the sod was cut away and the ties were laid on the soil.
		Ballast is then unloaded to allow raising the track to establish a standard ballast section under the ties and on the shoulder.”
		A conveyor transfers the fouled ballast to a series of vibrating screens where fines are separated and discharged up to 29 feet from the track centerline.
	www.railwayage.com /A/feature2.html (531 words)

	nscale hoscale model train track ballast
		I like to at least add the basic scenery adjacent to the track to be ballasted, as there’s nothing worse than dropping a glob of white scenery plaster or paint on track once it’s ballasted.
		Ballast slopes can be shaped using plaster, Styrofoam, or a filler material like sand to augment the slope of the wood, cork, or Homasote roadbed base.
		Once the ballast is soaked, dribble on a 50/50 mixture of white glue and water mix.
	www.chattanoogadepot.com /trackballast.html (1214 words)

	Do it Yourself in Z-scale: Laying and Ballasting Z-scale Track
		Ballast is used to help keep railroad ties from moving over time, as well as to provide sufficient drainage, all in an effort to ensure a resilient and sturdy roadbed that will last for years.
		Ballasting track is a point of no return, as it makes disassembly or modification of track difficult, to say the least.
		Although the ballast is very strong, prolonged use may weaken it, so you should keep a few nails in place in key locations, such as those near turnouts or those used to hold flex track to shape.
	www.zscale.org /articles/ballast.html (2588 words)

	How-To: Ballast
		Now, ballasted track adds to the realism, but, if done incorrectly can greatly add to the stress of maintaining a large railroad.
		To paint 400lbs of ballast needed about 2 gallons Rail Brown and a quart of Rust (the rust was used for highlights and detailing, more information on that later).
		To glue down the ballast, simple pour the ballast cement into a small cup and then pour it on the ballast, all over the track.
	www.trainweb.org /jlsrr/how-to/ballast/ballast.htm (1287 words)

	RAIL.ONE: Ballastless Track Systems
		Millimetre-exact adjustment of the track system during assembly on the construction site is the prerequisite for great ride comfort in the train, and for reduction of loads experienced by the rolling stock.
		Consequently, these are the benefits that have led to application of ballastless track technology in continuing major projects for rail lines: not only in Germany, where approximately 800 km of ballastless track has been installed alone since 1991, but in other major projects around the world.
		The low structural height of this track system was essential in winning the contract for upgrading the WCML in England: the Prestbury and Hibel Road Tunnels have been equipped with the RHEDA 2000® track system.
	www.ballastlesstrack.com (812 words)

	Ballast
		Commercial track has an unnatural, shiny look and the rail sides need a coat of rust-brownish paint to match the characteristic colours you can find on a real track.
		Ballast is put between the rails with a coffee spoon or small recipient.
		Smoothen the ballast with a stiff-haired brush in a way that it sits at the same revel as the rail tie heads.
	home.tiscali.be /ir003673/www/uk/ballast.htm (492 words)

	Test Track Trackage
		The track plan had been finalized, and track installation was complete; however, it was soon discovered that the curves were too sharp for reliable operation.
		By the beginning of 2005, the new simplified track plan had been selected, and the trackage—including 8 reed switches for sensing train location—had been installed on a slightly larger base (18" x 30").
		As the train attempted to negotiate the test track's sharp curves, sideways movement of the engine's truck-mounted coupler was restricted by the width of the opening in the end of the engine's plastic cover.
	www.coffeetabletrains.com /testtrackage.htm (597 words)

	Stoneybridge Railway Permanent Way Dept, 9mm `N' gauge track.
		I am now also modelling in 2mm finescale (9.24mm track gauge) which uses code 40 rail, the track is built by hand with the aid of templates and roller gauges, or in my case with the aid of a digital vernier.
		I use a mixture of shades of green scatter over the ballasted track while it is still wet, I blow gently down a piece of tube to carefully move the greenery around on the ballast helping to spread it into the gaps between ballast and into the glue.
		A pinch of ballast sprinkled on top will enhance the effect that the plants are growing from between the stones not on top of them, this is most noticeable on larger scales but does make a visible difference in 2mm scale, You do have to look pretty close though.
	members.fortunecity.com /ozz_scott/Ntrack.html (811 words)

	High-tech helps keep track of ballast: the trackman's expert eye will never be completely replaced, but current ...
		Track ballast is basically an assemblage of rocks.
		The texture of the radar record allows the relatively coarse-grained ballast layer to be recognizable from the comparatively finer-grained subballast layers.
		In the case of fouled ballast, the normal layering is disrupted by fine-grained materials in the otherwise coarse-grained matrix.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0BFW/is_3_100/ai_115036792 (842 words)

	NSC Project 2003247
		The settlement is caused by the repeated traffic loading and the severity of the settlement depends on the quality and the behaviour of the ballast, the sub-ballast, and the subgrade.
		Thus, track settlements is caused by (a) densification of ballast and subgrade materials, and (b) inelastic behaviour of the ballast and subgrade materials.
		The track is loaded by a moving wheel, mass M, supporting the constant force P from the carbody.
	www.nsc.liu.se /projects/previousprojects/project_2003247.html (380 words)

	Burlington Northern Railroad
		Additional track ballast was added periodically to level the track.
		The track bed was built at the base of steep (1H:1V±) sandstone and shale slopes.
		HKM determined that three potential mechanisms could be contributing to the track movement: 1) mass instability; 2) embankment settlement; 3) groundwater infiltration and river bank erosion.
	www.hkminc.com /bnr.htm (151 words)

	Shaun's Model Railway - Layout Track Work/Laying
		That is, to apply cork sheet to the baseboard to both raise the track bed slightly and to provide some noise dampening and then to put the track in place on top of that.
		After having secured the track in place temporarily by using track pins, I was planning on putting the ballast in place and then securing it permanently by applying a PVA glue solution before completing the job by removing the track pins.
		I intend to lay ballast and thought it would be a good idea to paint the top of the baseboard grey.
	www.shaunsmodelrailway.net /TrackWork.htm (555 words)

	Technical
		Track number two’s other ground rail then receives a ten-inch long ground wire which is fed through the hole on top and subsequently gets fed up to track number three and connected to its ground rail.
		As you brush the ballast away ensure that it is level between the ties and at the ends of the ties.
		Before gluing your ballast, it is very important that the ballast is level between the ties and outside the rails and at the tie ends.
	www.hirailers.com /technical.htm (8091 words)

	Chapter 3
		Okay, the tracks are down and the layout and control panel is wired, so the next logical step is to ballast your tracks.
		This method will only work if the ballast you use is of the very fine powder type, not the granules usually used for track ballasting with.
		Just put the ballast (dry) into the tracks (Do a small area at a time) and wet it down with a spray of water and a teaspoon full of washing up liquid.
	www.all-model-railroading.co.uk /amr/chapter03.htm (830 words)

	What Is Ballast Made Of
		For any major sufacing operations that are going the raise the track "out of face", the track would have to be both center and side dumped to have enough to tamp firmly under an area extending about a foot on either side of the rail.
		If ballast with age or because of soft subgrade settles so that there is pressure under the center of the tie, this is called "center=bound" track.
		Even before welded rail well kept mainline track had ballast level with the tops of the ties and nicely sloped shoulders outside the tie ends that correspond with the natural angle of repose of the material.
	www.trainorders.com /discussion/read.php?1,78907 (1158 words)

	Ballast - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Track ballast, railway track-bed, on which sleepers and track is laid
		Ballast tanks, a device used on submarines and other submersibles to control buoyancy
		Water ballast carried aboard an aircraft, for example in gliding to increase speed
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ballast (130 words)

	Ballast Tips
		This page covers materials that can be used to ballast track, where to find it, how to select it, how to test it and how to apply it.
		When the track is at the right height and level, then pour ballast right through the track between the supporting piles.
		This caps the ballast to keep it from washing away, but it still allows the track to creep around due to thermal expansion.
	www.girr.org /girr/tips/tips1/ballast_tips.html (2330 words)

	How do you ballast turnouts? - All Model Railroading - Chat Forums
		I've found several sources indicating how to succesfully ballast track, but none of them seems to put an accent on how correctly ballast turnouts to allow trouble free operations after ballasting them.
		I haven't ballasted a turnout for years; I operated with a guy who would ballast track between sessions and the turnouts wouldn't work the next week.
		In the past i have ballast the track and just painted grey underneath the turnouts moving parts, i usally get away with it and looks quite good.
	www.all-model-railroading.co.uk /forum/showthread.php?p=96239#post96239 (542 words)

	tracklay
		It is coated on the top surface with a "high grab" adhesive, which remains permanently sticky, thus retaining the ballast indefinitely.
		Because the ballast is only a granule thick it goes much further than with conventional methods of ballasting.
		As the ballast is not coated with glue it will not change colour and remains realistic.
	www.geocities.com /lakesboys2003/tracklay.html (451 words)

	Track
		The track, which allowed the trains to run, was the most important thing on the railroad.
		Your track must be reliable to insure reliable operation of your trains.
		Fortunately, the track products available have features which insure that you will get reliable operation; it is your responsibility to make sure that the track is installed properly.
	www.guidetozscale.com /html/track.html (254 words)

	track
		Our prices for original AF track depend upon the quality of the track; this in turn reflects the amount of effort you will have to devote to cleaning it before it is ready to use.
		A snap lock system securely holds the track sections together to ensure exact alignment and good electrical contact, and when track sections are joined together tie spacing remains uniform.
		Ballast can be left loose, or glued in place with a mixture of water and white-glue.
	www.portlines.com /track.htm (1413 words)

	Scenery - The Gauge - Model Train Forum - Scale Railroad Discussion & Model Trains
		Dig out some ballast with your fingers, and spread it into the tracks keep on spreading the ballast until the tops of the sleepers are visible again.
		I "weathered" the track and ties first of course, with burnt umber acrylic paint for the ties, and a mix of burnt umber/red oxide (for the rusty rails).
		Papurro, I always soak the area of ballast, grass, dirt or whatever with rubbing alchol out of a eyedropper before applying white glue mix and this stops the floating you were talking about.
	www.the-gauge.com /showthread.php?p=6472 (1520 words)

	Zetica > Products and Services > Trackside > Ballast Condition Surveys
		Rail track defects are often caused by poor ballast conditions.
		Zetica scans track ballast condition at high speed using train-mounted multichannel GPR equipment linked to positioning systems and integrated with the results of track geometry surveys.
		The stability of the survey platform and repeatability of the data facilitates automatic processing and integration with track geometry data to forecast ballast renewal, formation renewal and track maintenance.
	www.zetica.com /productsandservices/trackside_ballast01.htm (193 words)

	ballast
		How many of you have put off ballasting your K-track because you wanted the ability to repair or modify your track and didn't like the idea of trying to lift that expensive track for fear of breaking it because it was glued to the base board?
		Using an eyedropper I placed one drop between the sleepers on the outside of the rails and placed three drops between the sleepers on the inside of the rails.
		Cut the ballest brick to the length required, apply a very small amount of white glue to the ballast brick and place between the point sleepers as required.
	members.ozemail.com.au /~rossstew/rms/tips/ballast.html (465 words)

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