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Topic: Transhab

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	The Mars Society - Fight on for Transhab (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		TransHab is not a multi-hundred million dollar program to build a different space station module for a redesigned space station.
		TransHab is a $3 million technology development program that is developing lightweight, meteorite-resistant habitation structures that can be used for any purpose in space, including government or commercial space stations, lunar bases, Mars missions and bases, and asteroid missions and bases.
		TransHab is a great program that has produced very good results on a very small budget (~$3 million to date).
	www.marssociety.org /bulletins/bulletin_050699_01.asp (978 words)

	houstonpress.com \| News \| Science Friction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Once out of the cargo bay, Transhab would be inflated with attached air tanks; the balloon around the core would expand to three times the packed volume, 12,000 cubic feet, the equivalent of a 1,500-square-foot house on earth.
		Transhab is like a human -- a more advanced life form that's mushy on the outside with its skeleton underneath.
		Transhab's outer shell is a foot thick and made up of 20-some layers.
	www.houstonpress.com /issues/2000-08-10/feature2.html (1443 words)

	Howstuffworks "How Inflatable Spacecraft Will Work" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		TransHab has been tested to blow up in about 10 minutes once it docks with the ISS, and it should easily stay inflated in the vacuum of space for the life of the craft.
		TransHab's skin has been made of materials that allow it to deflect such projectiles.
		At launch, TransHab will have a diameter of 14 feet (4.3 meters), but once it is inflated it will have a diameter of 27 feet (8.2 m), and have a volume of 12,000 cubic feet (339.8 cubic meters).
	travel.howstuffworks.com /inflatable-spacecraft2.htm (440 words)

	Addendum to Mars Reference Mission v1
		Modifications to the TransHab, including structural modifications to operate on the surface of Mars, and the addition of a crew flight deck, were not addressed.
		The substitution of TransHab for the heavier, hard-shell habitat module introduces the potential for propulsive recovery of the Earth Return Vehicle in Earth orbit and its reuse on subsequent missions.
		The TransHab is ~9.7 meters long and inflates to a diameter of ~9.5 meters.
	ares.jsc.nasa.gov /HumanExplore/Exploration/EXLibrary/docs/MarsRef/addendum/A5.htm (3220 words)

	Transhab Summary - Transhab Information
		TransHab was first conceived in 1997 by a team of engineers and architects at the Johnson Space Center.
		TransHab represents a major breakthrough in that it solves the "problem" of inflatables and at the same time invents a whole new way of building for space and Earth.
		Without an inflatable module such as TransHab, the cost of getting a crew safely to a remote destination such as Mars could be much higher, and if the alternative is a constricted, conventional spacecraft, the crew would be much more likely to experience stress before the most challenging part of their mission begins on Mars.
	www.bookrags.com /sciences/astronomy/transhab-spsc-04.html (1034 words)

	Future Hi: Inflatable Space Stations
		Even though TransHab was in the advanced stages of testing at the Johnson Space Centre in Houston, its future was punctured by rising costs and the reluctance of Congress to give the ISS more money.
		According to one report, the demise of TransHab, which was essentially a three-storey apartment inside a cylindrical balloon, coincided with a visit by Bigelow to Nasa.
		TransHab’s shell was composed of 12 layers, including Kevlar, which is used in bullet-proof body armour, and Nextel, a ceramic fabric.
	www.futurehi.net /archives/000212.html (525 words)

	Transhab (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A cut away view of a Transhab concept.
		Transhab was a concept pursued by NASA to develop the technology for inflatable habitats in space.
		Although the project has been shut down, Bigelow Aerospace is pursuing a similar scheme for orbital hotels.
	transhab.area51.ipupdater.com (85 words)

	TransHab
		TransHab's resulting shape and volume is considerably more modest than what that possible for a structure deployed only after landing.
		If the TransHab team had not "invented" this particular hybrid rigid-inflatable architecture (or at least made it their own by all their work), it would inevitably have appeared sooner or later nonetheless.
		Transhab, a research and development program intended to investigate the potential of habitable, inflatable space structures, has come under fire within the House of Representatives.
	www.lunar-reclamation.org /papers/transhab.htm (3191 words)

	Space Future - Changing the TransHab: An Orbiting Space Hotel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		At the present time the TransHab interior layout consists of four levels (from the bottom to the top): the fourth is the entry tunnel and the other three are the habitat.
		The design of this hotel maintains the TransHab's vertical, terrestrial zone distribution (the four levels) but the planned lifestyle in the hotel follows a different logic because it exploits all possible directions, benefiting from the zero-g gravity conditions.
		Currently in the TransHab, the safe haven area occupies only the second level and it is divided into six private cabins reserved for the crew, in particular, during dangerous radiation periods.
	www.spacefuture.com /archive/changing_the_transhab_an_orbiting_space_hotel.shtml (808 words)

	EXN.ca \| Space
		Known as TransHab, the spacecraft would serve as a testbed for a human mission to Mars.
		TransHab would provide each crew member with private space and protection from radiation with tanks of water that would surround the area.
		It would have three floors: the first floor for the wardroom and a galley; second floor for mechanical room and crew's quarters; and the third level for an exercise and health care area for the crew.
	www.exn.ca /Stories/1998/08/25/51.asp (415 words)

	University of Cincinnati Research News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		TransHab would be launched in a compressed state, then inflated in low-Earth orbit before the final send-off toward Mars.
		In addition to impact protection, TransHab was also designed to provide radiation protection, climate control, advanced life support, and basic crew accommodations.
		Lester said the TransHab project has made so much progress that NASA might consider using the module as the living quarters for the new international space station as well.
	www.uc.edu /info-services/mars.htm (356 words)

	Habitation Module - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Astronauts and visiting researchers would be able to shower, cook food in the galley and relax in the wardroom.
		At various points in the design, an inflatable Transhab module with several times the space of the initial design was part of the plans.
		The Crew Return Vehicle, has been canceled and it is uncertain when the replacement Crew Exploration Vehicle will be ready.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Habitation_Module (208 words)

	August 24, 1998: Inflatable Mars ship may double as space station crew quarters
		The agency would be a step closer to that goal, he notes, by testing Transhab on the international space station.
		If Transhab is approved for the mostly metal space station being built by Boeing, construction likely would begin at Johnson in 2001.
		In ground tests, aluminum marble-sized balls fired into the Transhab padding at orbital speed were pulverized by the outer ceramic layers before reaching the air-containing bladders.
	www.chron.com /cgi-bin/auth/story.mpl/content/interactive/space/iss/1998/980824.html (927 words)

	Space Commercialization the Worst Way
		The Transhab would provide a three deck living area with dining, meeting, exercise, and health facilities and individual cabins for each ISS crewmembers.
		Finally many in Congress suspected that the Transhab was a test bed for a similar module for a crewed interplanetary spacecraft designed to go to Mars.
		Congress would allow the addition of Transhab if NASA were to contract it's development commercially and then enter into a lease arrangement with the private firm which would build the module on it's own nickel.
	4dw.net /aerden/marksbooks/spacepolicy3.htm (1444 words)

	Artemis Project: Inflatable Habitats on the Moon
		My only reason to doubt the data is that in the past month the NASA Transhab team at JSC added another 4 inches to the thickness of the Transhab shell, to accommodate another layer of debris shielding and multi-layer insulation.
		Right now, NASA does not know how to fold up the Transhab for launch, how it will be supported for launch, anything at all about the connecting equipment beyond the cartoon stage, and next to nothing about interior outfitting.
		They have a chunk of Transhab shell in Thermal-Vacuum Chamber B right now, getting ready for a test to find out if they can squish enough air out of it to make a difference for launch and to test its response to being folded up and squished.
	www.asi.org /adb/04/03/06/about-inflatables.html (527 words)

	HobbySpace - An Interview with Constance Adams
		This hard core structure is made of light composite elements and allows TransHab to be secured in a shuttle’s payload bay or on other launch platforms in a deflated, cylindrical form prior to its inflation and assembly on orbit.
		This is why TransHab was so exhilarating for most of us: it was new, and we had an opportunity to make all its rules while implementing lessons we had learned from previous designs and programs.
		In terms of intellectual capital, the TransHab team was built by the money the American people put into TransHab, and was tested and approved by important representatives of the only other American generation to have designed, built and flown any vehicle meant to support humans in outer space.
	hobbyspace.com /AAdmin/archive/Interviews/Systems/ConstanceAdams.html (4767 words)

	Untitled (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Transhab arose as part of a Mars mission design concept at JSC and was pursued as such by NASA.
		On the other hand, the large majority of the NSS Board present at the Houston NSS meeting supported Transhab, and my call to defend Transhab was greeted with great enthusiasm by the 400 or so NSS members who attended my speech at their Houston conference.
		Transhab may well be "saved" - but not necessarily by you - rather, through the normal legislative process and how it does, and sometimes does not work.
	www.hvcn.org /info/a2s2/Zubrin061399.html (2115 words)

	TransHab
		In the light of the Administration's (and Congress's) strong desire that NASA not address a Humans to Mars expedition until the endlessly beleaguered International Space Station is finally a completed reality, the TransHab team had to find another funding home and rationale to continue its research and development.
		In response to the heated debate among activists about the future of TransHab, the National Space Society released this balanced and well considered policy statement on June 10th.
		In response to this threat to Transhab funding some advocacy organizations have mounted strenuous efforts to ensure that monies for inflatables research within the ISS program office is retained.
	www.lunar-reclamation.org /transhab.htm (3191 words)

	Inflatable spacecraft - NewMars
		After TransHab was cancelled, Bigelow bought the exclusive development rights from NASA and entered into a Space Act Agreement with the agency to allow him to work with former TransHab engineers still employed there.
		After a rocket fires a module into space, explosive bolts will release the girdle securing the compressed hull, and then the station’s life support system, housed in the core, will inflate the structure with breathable air, expanding it from 15 feet in diameter to 22 feet.
		It is composed of five layers of graphite-fiber composites separated by foam spacers, the MMOD is the outermost section of Nautilus’s hull.
	www.newmars.com /wiki/index.php/Inflatable_spacecraft (508 words)

	The Mars Society - Reactions of Other Space Organizations to Transhab Fight (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A resolution strongly supporting TransHab received eight votes for to four against at the NSS Board meeting May 30, with those voting affirmatively including Senior Vice President Robert Zubrin, Vice Presidents Greg Rucker and Jeff Liss, and Treasurer Joe Redfield.
		What follows is a press release from the NSS outlining their policy on Transhab.
		The Policy Committee is confident that these recommendations balance the issues involved and most importantly help to promote the development of technologies which advance space settlement in a speedy and cost effective manner.
	www.marssociety.org /bulletins/bulletin_050699_01a.asp (661 words)

	Addendum to Mars Reference Mission v1
		In the spring of 1997, the improvements associated with the TransHab effort were identified as potential habitat options.
		Some of the masses used by the TransHab team, however, have been scaled to match the duration of the Mars Reference Mission.
		Advantages of incorporating the TransHab study into the current Mars exploration strategy are manifested primarily in mass reductions.
	ares.jsc.nasa.gov /HumanExplore/Exploration/EXLibrary/docs/MarsRef/addendum/A3.htm (4060 words)

	The Mars Society - Mobilize To Save Transhab From Rohrabacher Wrecking Operation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		NASA's highly successful TransHab program, which is developing inflatable human space habitation structures simultaneously lighter, stronger, and more resistant to meteorite damage than conventional aluminum modules, is in danger of cancellation.
		The TransHab technology is indeed useful to support humans to Mars, as it will reduce the weight and thus the cost required to launch any such program.
		If you reach the aide, or even his or her answering machine, explain to him or her that the TransHab needs to be saved, and therefore you would like to see Section 128 parts A and B deleted from the NASA authorization bill, HR- 1654.
	www.marssociety.org /bulletins/bulletin_170599_01.asp (544 words)

	Frontier Status #112 - 28 August 1998
		The transportation habitat, or TransHab, would be a large balloon constructed of 17 layers of ceramic fabric, polyurethane, foam, polymer film and Kevlar and would be highly resistant to micrometeor strikes.
		Impact tests of the layered skin of the TransHab show it to be superior to 1 1/2 inch thick layers of aluminum.
		The TransHab would feature three levels, cathedral windows, picture windows, penthouse gym, kitchenette with a 12 place table and six bedrooms.
	www.frontierstatus.com /fs0112.shtml (1791 words)

	Private Initiative for Inflatable Space Habitat Lures Chinese Interest
		Bigelow is receiving substantial technical assistance from the NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), which developed the original TransHab inflatable concept considered earlier for use on the International Space Station (AW&ST Dec. 8, 1997, p.
		As envisioned by NASA for the TransHab concept, Bigelow engineers believe the Nautilus could also be a proof-of-concept development for similar materials technologies and inflatables as habitats on the Moon as part of the new U.S. lunar/Mars manned exploration initiative.
		An entrepreneur who made his fortune as the founder of Budget Suites of America, along with other real estate deals, Bigelow is personally financing the module development, costing several tens of millions of dollars.
	www.aviationnow.com /avnow/news/channel_awst_story.jsp?id=news/07054wna.xml (1143 words)

	Компьютерные Вести On-line. Пари Роберта Бигелоу
		Авторитетные специалисты из NASA считали TransHab одним из величайших достижений современности и рассчитывали его как серьезную альтернативу модулю Habitation от компании Boeing, разрабатываемому для проекта Международной Космической Станции (МКС).
		Однако в 2000 году проект TransHab был закрыт без особых разъяснений, так и не реализовавшись в виде рабочей полетной версии.
		Далеко и ходить не нужно - проект TransHab был официально закрыт.
	www.kv.by /index2005094401.htm (793 words)

	MarsNews.com :: NewsWire for TransHab
		Company founder and CEO Elon Musk said that SpaceX has sold the first Falcon 5 launch to Bigelow Aerospace, a company developing inflatable structures that could be used as commercial orbital habitats.
		The payload, identified in a SPACE.com report as Genesis Pathfinder, is designed to test inflatable modules based on technology developed for NASA's TransHab, a project the agency supported for several years before canceling.
		In a control room overlooking a giant vacuum chamber at Houston’s Johnson Space Center, a dozen engineers sat patiently, trading jokes and sci-fi movie trivia, while NASA technicians meticulously adjusted temperature and pressure valves, and the three-story, $200 million house designed for the first Mars colonists slowly took shape.
	www.marsnews.com /newswire/transhab/index.html (1053 words)

	Joho the Blog: [POPTECH] TransHab
		Two surprising (to me) aspects of living in no gravity: hot air doesn't rise so airflows have to be redesigned, and sweat floats so electrical outlets need to be sweat-proof.
		An astronaut fell asleep without being tethered and found it to be a wide area to navigate.
		Constance replies that it's designed to filter all sorts of fluids, but that in a body in zero gravity, fluids tend to gather in the head and feet, not the right places for sex.
	www.hyperorg.com /blogger/mtarchive/002105.html (387 words)

	SPACE.com -- Bigelow Aerospace to Tackle Inflatable Space Habitats
		Plan is to evolve testing and hardware to establish the Nautilus outpost in Earth orbit.
		TransHab had undergone extensive testing at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas.
		The inflatable module was designed to offer far more volume to live-in crews of the International Space Station (ISS) and could have been utilized as habitats for Moon and Mars dwellers.
	www.space.com /news/businessmonday_040524.html (1207 words)

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