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Topic: Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization

	TRANSCATHETER ARTERIAL CHEMOEMBOLIZATION OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		When initial blockade of the hepatic artery was insufficient because of the large size of the mass or associated arterioportal shunting and the patient had Child class A disease, the emulsion and gelatin sponge particles, which were 1-2 mm in diameter and soaked with crystalline mitomycin, were alternately administered by use of a "sandwich technique".
		Response of early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma and borderline lesions to therapeutic arterial embolization.
		Transcatheter arterial embolization of the internal mammary artery in hepatocellular carcinoma.
	www.bhj.org /journal/2002_4404_oct/therap_590.htm (4405 words)

	Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) has been used extensively in the palliative treatment of unresectable HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma), one of the most common malignancies worldwide.
		The procedure involves gaining percutaneous access to the hepatic artery, usually by puncturing the common femoral artery in the right groin and passing a catheter through the abdominal aorta, through the celiac axis and common hepatic artery, into the proper hepatic artery (which supplies the liver).
		Since most tumors are supplied by the hepatic artery, arterial embolization interrupts their blood supply and postpones growth until replaced by new neovascularity.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Transcatheter_arterial_chemoembolization (457 words)

	TRANSCATHETER ARTERIAL CHEMOEMBOLIZATION OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA-
		TRANSCATHETER ARTERIAL CHEMOEMBOLIZATION OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA- 2 OF 2
		In the past, hepatic artery occlusion was considered to be the major cause of extrahepatic collaterals in hepatic tumours.[20] We prospectively investigated the presence of extrahepatic collaterals in consecutive 87 patients of HCC with digital subtraction angiography.
		Transcatheter arterial embolization of the internal mammary artery in hepatocellular carcinoma.
	archive.mail-list.com /hbv_research/msg04908.html (2389 words)

	Korean Journal of Radiology
		Occlusion of the hepatic artery that was caused by repeated TACE sessions was defined as the obliteration of the segmental hepatic arterial branches with a lack of arterial perfusion in the corresponding liver portion.
		Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinomas in patients with celiac axis occlusion.
		Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma fed by the cystic artery.
	www.kjronline.org /abstract/view_articletext.asp?year=2006&page=257 (3936 words)

	Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Anatomic and Hemodynamic Considerations in the ...
		hepatic arteries in the fissure for the ligamentum venosum.
		The RHA arises from the gastroduodenal artery, and the hepatic falciform artery arises from the middle hepatic artery (arrows).
		At portography of the SMA or of the celiac and splenic arteries,
	radiographics.rsnajnls.org /cgi/content/full/22/5/1077 (7129 words)

	TRANSCATHETER ARTERIAL CHEMOEMBOLIZATION OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA -
		TRANSCATHETER ARTERIAL CHEMOEMBOLIZATION OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA - 1 OF 2
		In the past, hepatic artery ligation has been tried to induce ischaemic necrosis of the tumour.[5] But, its effect of tumour regression and symptomatic improvement was temporary because proximal occlusion of the hepatic artery induces rapid development of collateral circulation to the peripheral hepatic arteries.
		When initial blockade of the hepatic artery was insufficient because of the large size of the mass or associated arterioportal shunting and the patient had Child class A disease, the emulsion and gelatin sponge particles, which were 1-2 mm in diameter and soaked with crystalline mitomycin, were alternately administered by use of a "sandwich technique".
	archive.mail-list.com /hbv_research/msg04907.html (1783 words)

	References
		Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization of liver tumors: Effects of embolization protocol on injectable volume of chemotherapy and subsequent arterial patency.
		Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis: Evaluation of damage to nontumorous liver tis-sue -- long-term prospective study.
		Transcatheter oily chemoembolization in the management of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: Results of a western comparative study in 60 patients.
	www.medscape.com /content/2004/00/47/40/474054/474054_ref.html (690 words)

	Medical Policy RAD.00011 \| Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization (TACE)
		Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) involves the injection of chemotherapeutic drugs and embolizing agents into the branch of the hepatic artery supplying a tumor. The goal of this procedure is to deliver the chemotherapeutic agents directly to the tumor and to block blood flow to the tumor.
		Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE): a surgical procedure where a thin tube is inserted into an artery that leads to an organ that has a tumor; the tube is then used to inject drugs into the organ near the tumor in an attempt to shrink or kill the tumor
		Role of preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for resectable hepatocellular carcinoma: relation between postoperative course and the pattern of tumor recurrence.
	medpolicy.bluecrossca.com /policies/RAD/TACE.html (1448 words)

	Medical Policy RAD.00011 \| Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization (TACE)
		Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) involves the injection of chemotherapeutic drugs and embolizing agents into the branch of the hepatic artery supplying a tumor. The goal of this procedure is to deliver the chemotherapeutic agents directly to the tumor and to block blood flow to the tumor.
		Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE): a surgical procedure where a thin tube is inserted into an artery that leads to an organ that has a tumor; the tube is then used to inject drugs into the organ near the tumor in an attempt to shrink or kill the tumor
		Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization as primary treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma.
	www.healthlink.com /provider/medpolicy/policies/RAD/TACE.html (1437 words)

	Society Of Interventional Radiology - Cancer - Treatments
		A technique called transcatheter chemoembolization is used for some patients with liver cancer or other types of cancer that have spread to the liver.
		Chemoembolization may not be appropriate for patients who have blockages of the veins that supply blood to the liver, cirrhosis of the liver or blockage of the bile ducts.
		Secondly, the tiny particles embolize, or block, the artery and decrease the flow of blood to the tumor causing it to shrink.
	www.sirweb.org /patPub/cancerTreatments.shtml (2410 words)

	8.01.11
		Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) of the liver is a proposed alternative to conventional systemic or intra-arterial chemotherapy, and to various nonsurgical ablative techniques, to treat resectable and nonresectable tumors.
		Transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization is considered investigational to treat liver metastases and as primary or salvage treatment for newly diagnosed or recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma.
		From a pure evidence-based approach, transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is considered investigational as a bridge to transplant, where the intent is to prevent further tumor growth and to maintain a patient’s candidacy for liver transplant.
	www.bcidaho.com /providers/medical_policies/the/mp_80111.asp (3659 words)

	Liver Neoplasms - Treatment Approaches (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE), most frequently performed by intra-arterially injecting an infusion of antineoplastic agents mixed with iodized oil (Lipiodol), has been extensively used in the treatment of large HCC tumors.
		The carcinoid syndrome: Palliation by hepatic artery embolization.
		Chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma with cisplatin, doxorubicin, mitomycin-C, ethiodol, and polyvinyl alcohol: Prospective evaluation of response and survival in a U.S. population.
	www.aetna.com /cpb/data/CPBA0268.html (3378 words)

	Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization Radiology
		Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) has been used extensively in the palliative treatment of unresectable HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma), one of the most common malignancies worldwide.
		The procedure involves gaining percutaneous access to the hepatic artery, usually by puncturing the common femoral artery in the right groin and passing a catheterthrough the abdominal aorta, through the celiac axisand common hepatic artery, into the proper hepatic artery (which supplies the liver).
		Since most tumors are supplied by the hepatic artery, arterial embolization interrupts their blood supply and postpones growth until replaced by new neovascularity.
	www.lumrix.com /medical/radiology/transcatheter_arterial_chemoembolization.html (458 words)

	Chemoembolization in the Management of Liver Tumors -- Stuart 8 (5): 425 -- The Oncologist
		Hepatic artery embolization for metastatic endocrine-secreting tumors of the pancreas.
		Hepatic arterial chemotherapy and occlusion for palliation of primary hepatocellular and unknown primary neoplasms in the liver.
		Intrahepatic arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic neuroendocrine tumors in the era of liver transplantation.
	theoncologist.alphamedpress.org /cgi/content/full/8/5/425 (5423 words)

	Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization (TACE) of the Liver*
		Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) of the liver is a treatment modality often used as an alternative to conventional systemic or intra-arterial chemotherapy, or in instances where conventional treatment has failed.
		Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) of the liver may be considered medically necessary for symptomatic treatment of unresectable primary and secondary hepatocellular carcinoma, functional neuroendocrine tumors involving the liver, including carcinoid tumors and pancreatic endocrine tumors, in patients who have failed medical management and meet all of the following criteria:
		Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a case-controlled study.
	www.wellmark.com /e_business/provider/medical_policies/policies/TACE.htm (863 words)

	eMedicine - Chemoembolization, Hepatic : Article by Ali Nawaz Khan, MBBS, LRCP, FRCS, FRCP, FRCR
		The gastroduodenal artery, the duodenal branches of proper hepatic artery, and the cystic artery must all be identified to prevent nontarget embolization.
		Identifying any parasitic arterial blood supply from adjacent organs, the lumbar and intercostal arteries, and the phrenic arteries is important; for this identification, abdominal aortography is usually required.
		One large series describing 2300 chemoembolizations had a lower complication rate of 4.4%, which was related to the use of chemoembolic agents and to the manipulation of the catheter or guidewire (Sakamoto, 1998).
	www.emedicine.com /radio/topic800.htm (5598 words)

	Intra-arterial Chemotherapy; Chemoembolization of Cancer in the Liver; Cryosurgical & Radiofrequency Ablation of ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		We do not cover transcatheter chemoembolization of the hepatic artery for the treatment of cancer in the liver (hepatocellular carcinoma or metastases), because it has not been shown to improve the health outcome of patients.
		For example, for some patients, transcatheter chemoembolization may be appropriate for relief of pain or pressure from hepatoma.
		Transcatheter chemoembolization of the hepatic artery for treatment of cancer in the liver is not covered according to Medical Technology Assessment Guidelines.
	www.bcbsma.com /common/en_US/hresource/369.jsp (4211 words)

	Chemoembolization for the Treatment of Surgically Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma
		Transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization for the treatment of surgically unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma is considered medically necessary if the medical appropriateness criteria are met.
		Transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization, for all other indications, is considered investigational.
		Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization as a treatment for primary or metastatic liver malignancies (8.01.11).
	www.bcbst.com /MPManual/Chemoembolization.htm (1161 words)

	Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Cirrhosis: Evaluation of Damage ...
		Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Cirrhosis: Evaluation of Damage to Nontumorous Liver Tissue-Long-term Prospective Study -- Caturelli et al.
		Abbreviations: HCC = hepatocellular carcinoma TACE = transcatheter
		Transcatheter hepatic arterial embolization in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
	radiology.rsnajnls.org /cgi/content/full/215/1/123 (4248 words)

	Embolization of primary and metastatic liver cancer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The liver is especially amenable to such an approach given the distinct lobular anatomy of the liver, the existence of two independent blood supplies, and the ability of healthy hepatic tissue to compensate for tissue mass lost during embolization.
		The safety and efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in the treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and main portal vein obstruction: A prospective controlled study.
		Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization therapy using iodized oil for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: Evaluation of three kinds of regimens and analysis of prognostic factors.
	www.bcbsmo.com /medical_policies/medicine/embolization_liver.htm (554 words)

	TheraSphere® - Patients - Treatment Options (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		TACE is an inpatient procedure that combines transarterial embolization (blocking the artery that feeds the liver tumors) with anti-cancer drug therapy using any of a variety of chemicals.
		Regardless of whether the tumor is encapsulated or unencapsulated, however, chemoembolization is generally accompanied by pain, nausea, vomiting and fever.
		Because the drug is placed directly into the artery feeding the liver, this procedure can deliver higher doses of chemotherapy to the tumors with less damage to healthy tissues.
	www.mds.nordion.com /therasphere/patients/treatmentoptions.asp (861 words)

	A Contents
		Occluding the hepatic artery, which is the major blood supply to the tumour, induces ischaemia and necrosis of the tumour.
		Hepatic arterial embolisation in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.
		Transcatheter arterial chemoembolisation in inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma : four-year follow-up.
	www.rcsed.ac.uk /journal/vol47%5F1/47100001.html (7596 words)

	Long-term Prognosis of Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization for Unresectable Hepatocellular ...
		Abbreviations: ADM = doxorubicin hydrochloride, CDDP = cisplatin, HCC = hepatocellular carcinoma, LPD = lipiodol, TACE = transcatheter arterial chemoembolization
		Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma: four-year follow-up.
		Use of transcatheter arterial infusion of anticancer agents with lipiodol to prevent recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatic resection.
	www.jvir.org /cgi/content/full/12/7/847 (4400 words)

	Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Usefulness of Coded Phase-Inversion Harmonic ...
		Hepatic artery embolization in 120 patients with unresectable hepatoma.
		Clinicopathological study on combination therapy consisting of arterial infusion of Lipiodol-dissolved SMANCS and transcatheter arterial embolization for hepatocellular carcinoma.
		Segmental transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization with iodized oil for hepatocellular carcinoma: anti-tumor effect and influence on normal tissue.
	www.ajronline.org /cgi/content/full/180/3/703 (3390 words)

	Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization of the Gonadal Artery -- Kim et al. 17 (4): 703 -- ...
		Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization of the Gonadal Artery -- Kim et al.
		Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization of the Gonadal Artery
		Abbreviations: : HCC = hepatocellular carcinoma, TACE = transcatheter arterial chemoembolization
	www.jvir.org /cgi/content/full/17/4/703 (2492 words)

	World J Gastroenterol
		Changes of tumor microcirculation after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization: First pass perfusion MR imaging and Chinese ink casting in a rabbit model.
		Therefore, inhibition of the development of arterial collaterals may be important in enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of this treatment.
		arterial chemoembolization with degradable starch microspheres in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
	www.wjgnet.com /1007-9327/10/1415.asp (3756 words)

	Hepatocellular carcinoma - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI)PEI well tolerated, high RR in small (< 3 cm) solitary tumors; as of 2005, no randomized trial comparing resection to percutaneous treatments; recurrence rates similar to those for postresection.
		Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is usually perform in the treatment of large tumors (larger than 3 cm and less than 4 cm in diameter) most frequently performed by intraarterially injecting an infusion of antineoplastic agents mixed with iodized oil (such as Lipiodol).
		As of 2005, multiple trials show objective tumor responses and slowed tumor progression but questionable survival benefit compared to supportive care; greatest benefit seen in patients with preserved liver function, absence of vascular invasion, and smallest tumors
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hepatocellular_carcinoma (1370 words)

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