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	[No title]
		Furthermore, inability of the local authorities to act independently and a customary waiting for the instructions from the Centre associated them in the eyes of public with the pillars of Moscow in the provinces and left them in isolation.
		The two processes developed in parallel, and sometimes it was rather difficult to draw a dividing line between them and to define where the conflict ends and the liberation movement starts.
		Thus, the use of force against civilians and barbaric actions of the army in Transcaucasia profoundly shaped national consciousness of the Azeris, Georgians and Armenians and irrevocably pushed them along the final route toward independence.
	www.geocities.com /Vienna/7124/3-text.html (1499 words)

	Riad: Caucasus
		In 1834 an imperial decree established the Armenian district comprising territories of the former Erevan and Nakhichevan khanates.
		In 1846 Transcaucasia was divided into four gubernia - Tiflis, Kutais, Shemakha, and Derbent - an arrangement that greatly increased the number of civil service vacancies, for which all sons of bays and aghas were considered qualified.
		After Vorontsov's retirement in 1865 Transcaucasia again saw a transition toward the policy of 'organic merger' with Russia and was divided in four gubernias, with the Azeri, or Caucasian Tatars population of 75% in Elizavetpol (Ganja), 58% in Baku, 42% in Erevan and 11% in Tiflis gubernias.
	www.uh.edu /~efendiev/caucas1.html (1760 words)

	Contested Borders in the Caucasus : Chapter V
		But the lack of political will on the part of the Soviet leadership to reach a settlement in Transcaucasia, followed by the consequent loss of levers of control over the situation, provoked an escalation of the conflicts and led the opposing forces to stake their solution on military means.
		The Policies of International Organizations in Transcaucasia Russia's policies in Transcaucasia may be seen as a consequence of the ineffectiveness of the international organizations in responding to security challenges in the region.
		The deployment of UN peacekeeping forces in Transcaucasia, while feasible in principle, was scarcely likely, mainly because of financial constraints and fears that the entry of UN forces into one of the conflict zones could set an unwelcome precedent for wider armed participation by the UN in regulating crises on CIS territory.
	poli.vub.ac.be /publi/ContBorders/eng/ch0501.htm (5696 words)

	Transcaucasia -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The rural population of Transcaucasia is unevenly distributed.
		The most densely populated part of the region is along the Black Sea coast; the Rioni River valley and several smaller valleys are intensively cultivated and support large farm populations; and the foothills of the mountains are thickly settled.
		In the foothills of the mountains sheep and cattle are raised.
	0-www.britannica.com.library.unl.edu /eb/article-9108697 (691 words)

	Security Problems in Transcaucasia: Ethnic, Oil and Political Factors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The security problem of the Transcaucasia and Central Asia region was the subject of failed discussions on the fringe of the Ashgabat meetings of late May 2002 to reach a fair settlement for the distribution of the region’s resources.
		The attempts of a recent charter to bring stability to Transcaucasia failed as a result of the myriad contradictions and disputes in the area.
		The countries of the region have thus to realise that their collective security is dependent on the security of each country separately and the turning of the region from a geographic term to an active geopolitical mechanism.
	www.siyassa.org.eg /esiyassa/AHRAM/2002/7/1/REPO7.HTM (312 words)

	[No title]
		Caucasus; Transcaucasia (Central and E Georgia, Armenia, N Azerbaijan); Middle Asia mountains.
		Transcaucasia (E Georgia, W Azerbaijan, Nakhichevan); Lower Volga to S.Ural; N. and E.Kazakhstan to W.Altai.
		Baltia; Belarus; Ukraine; Moldavia; Crimea; European Russia, except tundra; Caucasus; Transcaucasia; Kazakhstan; mountains of N.Kirghizia; Siberia, north to Khanty-Mansijsk and S.Jakutia; Middle Amur; Primorye; S.Sakhalin.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Cyprus/4397/lasiocampidae.htm (2516 words)

	The people (from Transcaucasia) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Indigenous cultures also arose; Transcaucasia was one of the most ancient centres of bronze working from the first half of the 2nd millennium
		More results on "The people (from Transcaucasia)" when you join.
		Indigenous cultures also arose; Transcaucasia was one of the most ancient centres of bronze working from the first half of the 2nd millennium BC.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-44334?tocId=44334 (684 words)

	Jostling for oil in Transcaucasia, by Vicken Cheterian (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The volatile countries of Transcaucasia and Central Asia are the subject of keen competition.
		The emergence of Transcaucasia is of major geopolitical importance (1).
		The Turkish dilemma is this?: how to play a geopolitical role in Transcaucasia and beyond, in competition with Russia, when its economic interests are growing, not with the Turkish speaking republics of the former USSR, but with Russia itself.
	mondediplo.com /1997/10/caspian (3638 words)

	Azerbaijani Democratic Republic (1918-1920)
		In the beginning of XXth century, Azerbaijanis were the largest ethnic group in Transcaucasia.
		By 1905 revolution, Muslims (Azeris) of Transcaucasia began to awaken politically and to join and create various parties and societies [1].
		Later in 1907, under the oppressive measures of Russian Viceroy Vorontsov-Dashkov, and due to the fact that Hummat's objectives did not address the major concerns of Azerbaijani society, the party lost most of its influence in the region.
	www.ics.uci.edu /~javid/azerbaijan/before1917.html (1001 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Russia
		The climate of the Caucasus is not of a uniform character; it belongs in the north to the cold-temperate zone, and in Transcaucasia to the warm zone.
		Western Transcaucasia receives warm and humid winds, while the eastern part is exposed to dry winds from the north-east.
		In several regions, especially in the Caucasus, in Daghestan, Transcaucasia, and Turkestan, a remedy is found for the aridity of the soil in irrigation by means of canals.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/13231c.htm (19233 words)

	The Awakening of Georgia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		However, the influence of the Petrograd authorities in Transcaucasia was weak and most power was held throughout 1917 by the local Soviets, especially the Tbilisi and Baku Soviets.
		The peoples of Transcaucasia were forced by the course of events to act independently of the Central Government whose authority they did not recognize.
		The West was treated to a sad spectacle of two peoples, ruled by parties which were members of the Second International and professed peace to be their chief aim, fighting over a few strips of land in the manner of a Germany or a Russia...
	www.amherst.edu /~daschaich/writings/academic/georgia.html (4700 words)

	GEOPOLITICAL CHALLENGES TO MOSCOW IN THE TRANSCAUCASUS
		that Transcaucasia was the main priority for the USA in the former Soviet space, and stated that Washington wished to gain control of the energy resources of the Caspian.
		Chernyavskiy felt that the USA was aiming to become the regional "arbiter" in Transcaucasia, by using oil and the attempts to settle the various ethno-territorial conflicts in the region.
		The shift away from Moscow in Transcaucasia is quite marked, and indeed extends beyond this region to embrace other states (eg Ukraine, Uzbekistan) on the southern flank of the former Soviet Union.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/library/report/1999/f67-mas.htm (3452 words)

	Review of Bournoutian, Russia and the Armenians of Transcaucasia
		Innumerable wars and raids tended to drive out the original Armenian population of Transcaucasia, except for mountainous Karabakh, and to increase the Muslim population.
		As the Russians brought peace and security to Transcaucasia, the residual Armenian population was enlarged by immigration, and their proportion raised by Muslim emigration.
		The Appendix lists, for the period in question, Russian tsars, Persian shahs, Ottoman sultans, Georgian kings, the catholicoi of jmiatsin, the catholicoi at Sis, the catholicoi at Aght'amar (Van), the catholicoi at Gandzasar (Karabakh), the patriarchs of Jerusalem, and the patriarchs of Constantinople.
	www.umd.umich.edu /dept/armenian/papazian/1797.html (707 words)

	The Periscope : Russia and Transcaucasia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The EU envoy also cited some shortfalls on the eve of the November parliament poll, but said the existing problems can be solved over the next two months prior to the elections.
		Basayev has claimed responsibility for organizing last year's Beslan school siege that ended in the deaths of more than 330 children and adults and the 2002 seizure of a Moscow theater that resulted in 129 hostages dying when police staged a rescue raid.
		Speaking at an international conference of ombudsmen in Kazan on 16 June, federal human rights ombudsman Vladimir Lukin said he is concerned that aggressive intolerance "on the part of certain representatives of the majority" in Russia is spreading in many Russian regions and assuming a criminal form, intertat.ru reported.
	theperiscope.blogs.com /the_periscope_/russia_and_transcaucasia_ (6701 words)

	Contested Borders in the Caucasus : Chapter IV (1/3)
		Such a "struggle-for-power conflict" occurred twice in Transcaucasia in recent times: in Georgia between the supporters and opponents of the first elected President, Zviad Gamsakhurdia (December 1991 - late 1993), and in Azerbaijan with the coup against the democratically elected President Elcibey (June 1993).
		The players involved - just as in the first case - are the regular army of a State and one or more non-governmental armies from this State, but - unlike in the first kind of conflict - their aim is either to maintain or to change existing State borders.
		The UN was not involved in the first stages of the three national liberation conflicts in Transcaucasia: these had already begun before the break-up of the USSR, so the principle of non-interference in internal affairs prevailed.
	poli.vub.ac.be /publi/ContBorders/eng/ch0401.htm (4253 words)

	Transcaucasia and Central Asia
		Even though Tajikistan is in the middle of the total population for the two areas, it contains the highest percentage of population under the age of 15. Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and Krygyzstan closely follow with 38, 38, and 35 percent respectively. Georgia has the lowest percentage with 20 percent (PRB).
		Tajikistan also has the lowest percentage of people over the age of 65, along with Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan. The Transcaucasia area has the higher of the two areas with Azerbaijan with 6 percent, Armenia with 10 percent, and Georgia with 14 percent (PRB).
		Armenia has the highest percentage of infant mortality with 36 percent. Turkmenistan is a distance 11 percent away with 25 percent. Azerbaijan has the lowest of the Transcaucasia and Central Asia regions with only 13 percent (PRB).
	maps.unomaha.edu /Peterson/funda/Notes/Notes_Exam2/CAT.html (625 words)

	Transcaucasia
		Transcaucasia, transitional region between Europe and Asia, extending from the Greater Caucasus to the Turkish and Iranian borders, between the Black and Caspian seas.
		Caucasus: People and Economy - People and Economy More than 40 languages are spoken by the ethnic groups of the entire region.
		Iberia - Iberia, ancient country of Transcaucasia, roughly the eastern part of present-day Georgia.
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/world/A0849255.html (309 words)

	Journal of Paleontology: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF COMELICANIIDAE MERLA, 1930 (BRACHIOPODA: ATHYRIDIDA) FROM THE LOPINGIAN ...
		However, these Lopingian athyridoids are mostly characterized by smoothstalked ventral valves, biconvex lateral profile, rectimarginate to parasulcate anterior commissure, and undivided hinge plates, and are therefore very difficult to identify correctly based solely on their external characters.
		A careful study of the morphological characters of these genera was necessary to allow for their "redistribution" into subfamilies and/or families.
		South China and Transcaucasia are two of a few areas in the world with marine Lopingian strata.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3790/is_200409/ai_n9448349 (1187 words)

	Heretics and colonizers: Religious dissent and Russian colonization of Transcaucasia, 1830-1890 (Azerbaijan, Armenia, ...
		This dissertation examines the settlement of Russian religious dissenters (Dukhobors, Molokans, and Subbotniks) in Transcaucasia from 1830 to 1890.
		Whereas existing scholarship describes Russian empire-building as a bilateral encounter between state representatives and indigenous peoples, this study demonstrates that Russian colonists played a vital role in constructing Imperial Russia as a multi-ethnic, multi-confessional entity.
		Tsarist officials were obliged to rely on these 'pernicious heretics' to administer the region because there were so few other Russians in Transcaucasia.
	repository.upenn.edu /dissertations/AAI9840175 (392 words)

	Asian Lodging Centre
		Armenia - Armenia, republic in the Transcaucasia region of western Asia
		Azerbaijan - Azerbaijan, republic in the Transcaucasia region of western Asia
		Georgia - republic in the Transcaucasia region of western Asia, bordered by the Black Sea on the west, Russia on the north,
	www.ovayonda.ws /lodging/index.htm (1034 words)

	AllRefer.com - Transcaucasia (CIS And Baltic Political Geography) - Encyclopedia
		You are here : AllRefer.com > Reference > Encyclopedia > CIS And Baltic Political Geography > Transcaucasia
		The area's chief crops are cotton, grain, sugar beets, sunflowers, tobacco, citrus fruits, tea, and plants for essential oils.
		Transcaucasia's mineral springs have given rise to numerous health resorts; seaside resorts also abound.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/T/Transcau.html (352 words)

	ITAR-TASS: EU SEEKS TO PLAY ACTIVE POLITICAL ROLE IN TRANSCAUCASIA. .@ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		EU seeks to play active political role in Transcaucasia.
		BRUSSELS, February 26 (Itar-Tass) - The European Union seeks to play more active political role in Transcaucasia and strengthen a political dialogue with the countries of the region.
		The EU Council issued a statement on the results of its Monday session at the level of foreign ministers.
	highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1P1:42379318&... (217 words)

	Russia and the Armenians of Transcaucasia
		It covers the period from the end of the eighteenth century to the late nineteenth century—that is, from the removal of the Russian forces from Transcaucasia by Emperor Paul to the formation of the first Armenian political party in the region.
		The documents concentrate on Russia's contacts and relations with the Armenian Church leaders, the Meliks of Karabagh (Qarabagh), and the Russian administrative divisions and demographic surveys of Transcaucasia.
		The Russian views of the Armenians and the Armenian perception of Russia and the Russian, as well as the role of the Armenians in the Russian conquest and the economic development of Transcaucasia is also examined.
	www.mazdapub.com /Russia-Armenian.htm (172 words)

	history of Transcaucasia -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		More results on "history of Transcaucasia" when you join.
		country of Transcaucasia located at the eastern end of the Black Sea on the southern flanks of the main crest of the Greater Caucasus Mountains.
		Directory of resources on this country of eastern Transcaucasia.
	0-www.britannica.com.library.unl.edu /eb/article-9108698 (756 words)

	RUSSIAN-IRANIAN RELATIONS IN THE 1990s
		With the Soviet breakup, the newly independent states of Central Asia and Transcaucasia have become a central focus of Russian policymakers trying to regain control of that area.
		Russian relations with Turkey and Iran are of prime importance for Moscow, particularly in view of these countries’ influence in Central Asia and Transcaucasia and the potential threat they pose to Russia’s influence in those regions.
		Nonetheless, the Russian leadership believed that Iran was basically acting very responsibly in Central Asia and Transcaucasia and was thus ready to continue supplying Tehran with modern weaponry—including submarines—despite strong protests from the United States.
	www.biu.ac.il /Besa/meria/journal/2000/issue2/jv4n2a5.html (6165 words)

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