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Topic: Transcription factor

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Transcription (genetics)

Zinc finger

Oncogene

CREB

Central dogma of molecular biology

Morphogenesis

Protein kinase

Homeobox

RNAP

Messenger RNA

Signal transduction

Maturity onset diabetes of the young

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	Transcription factor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Transcription factors can be selectively activated or deactivated by other proteins, often as the final step in signal transduction.
		General transcription factors are involved in the formation of a preinitiation complex.
		The transcription factors of this family are activated by the Janus Kinase JAK and dysregulation of this pathway is frequently observed in primary tumors and leads to increased angiogenesis and enhanced survival of tumors.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Transcription_factor (508 words)

	Transcription Factor
		Transcription factors can be activated or deactivated by other proteins.
		Transcription factors are primarily involved in the initiation stage of RNA transcription.
		Examples of transcription factors include Signal Transducers and Activator of Transcription (STAT), which regulate cell growth and are critical in cancer research and immunotherapy.
	www.iscid.org /encyclopedia/Transcription_Factor (199 words)

	Marligen Bioscience, Inc. \| Products - Chemiluminescent Transcription Factor Assay Products (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Marligen’s Chemiluminescent Transcription Factor Microplate Assays allow researchers to quantitate the DNA binding activity of transcription factors in nuclear extracts prepared from cultured cells and are designed to be used in combination with Marligen’s Nuclear Extraction Kit to ensure optimal performance.
		Transcription factors are activated by a variety of mechanisms including ligand binding, phosphorylation, and interactions with other proteins involved in the regulation of transcription.
		Probes containing bound transcription factors are then captured onto the surface of the microplate, unbound label is washed away, and bound probes are detected using a streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase conjugate and a chemiluminescent substrate.
	www.marligen.com /products/chemil.htm (722 words)

	Active Motif » TransAM DNA-binding ELISAs
		Transcription factors are DNA-binding proteins that tightly regulate gene expression.
		Transcription factors are activated by phosphorylation of specific residues or by processing bound inhibitory proteins.
		Understanding and quantifying transcription factors is essential for the study of cell functions in relation to differentiation, brain activity, immune response, inflammation and various disease states.
	www.activemotif.com /catalog/assay_kits/transam (469 words)

	transcription factor decoys oligonucleotides phosphorothioate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Transcription factors are generally nuclear and can either be constitutively expressed within the cell (present under basal conditions, for example CREB) or themselves inducible (for example AP-1).
		Therefore when we describe the specific DNA binding sequence for a transcription factor we refer to the non-variable part of the binding sequence, that is, the transcription factor consensus sequence.
		The transcription factor consensus sequence occurs within the middle of the decoy sequence and is flanked by carefully selected base-pairs that allow for "optimized" transcription factor binding.
	www.genedetect.com /decoys.htm (1286 words)

	Initiation of Transcription by RNA Polymerase (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The exact order in which the general transcription factors assemble on the promoter is not known with certainty.
		One view holds that the general factors assemble off the DNA with the polymerase and that this whole assembly then binds to the DNA in a single step.
		The general transcription factors have been highly conserved in evolution; some of those from human cells can be replaced in biochemical experiments by the corresponding factors from simple yeasts.
	www.accessexcellence.org /AB/GG/RNA_trans.html (253 words)

	Transcription Factor Effects Above News Regarding Transcription Factor Illumination (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		I always thought that transcription factors stay in the cells where they are expressed and control transcription of their target genes.
		Transcription of the metastasis-suppressor gene KAI1 is regulated in a tissue-specific manner by a transcriptional balance between the androgen-receptor coactivator TIP60 and the transcription factor nuclear factor-[kappa]B. MatInspector
		In a new study appearing on October 3 in The Journal of Clinical Investigation, Subhash Pandey and colleagues from The University of Illinois show that decreased function of the CREB gene transcription factor in an area of the brain called the central amygdala is involved in anxiety and excessive alcohol drinking behavior...
	transcriptionfactor.flabtranscription.com (2112 words)

	A New Vaccinia Virus Intermediate Transcription Factor -- Sanz and Moss 72 (8): 6880 -- The Journal of Virology
		Transcription of the vaccinia virus genome is mediated by a virus-encoded multisubunit DNA-dependent RNA polymerase in conjunction
		Transcription of vaccinia virus early genes by a template-dependent soluble extract of purified virions.
		A vaccinia virus late transcription factor copurifies with a factor that binds to a viral late promoter and is complemented by extracts from uninfected Hela cells.
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/72/8/6880 (2046 words)

	SNPCapture Transcription Factor Mutations ELISA Kits (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Transcription factors are very important cellular proteins which regulate cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis.
		Pathological transcription patterns have been proven to be frequent causes of neoplastic transformation and tumor progression.
		Defects and mutations in transcription factors are widely accepted as prognostic and predictive markers for cancers and other diseases.
	www.panomics.com /SNP_TF.cfm (920 words)

	Inactivation of the winged helix transcription factor HNF3alpha affects glucose homeostasis and islet glucagon gene ...
		Inactivation of the winged helix transcription factor HNF3alpha affects glucose homeostasis and islet glucagon gene expression in vivo -- Kaestner et al.
		Expression is observed in the ventral midbrain, the floor plate of the spinal cord, the notochord, foregut, hindgut, and the liver primordium.
		of glucagon gene transcription in the endocrine pancreas.
	www.genesdev.org /cgi/content/full/13/4/495 (5031 words)

	Chemicon - Product #SGT610 - Chemiluminescent NFkappaB p50/p65 Transcription Factor Assay
		The bound NFkappaB transcription factor subunits, p50 and p65, are detected with specific primary antibodies, a Rabbit anti-NFkappaB p50 (active form) and a Rabbit anti-NFkappaB p65.
		The transcription factor NFkappaB (Nuclear Factor kappa B) is involved in the expression and regulation of a number of important cellular and physiological processes such as growth, development, apoptosis, immune and inflammatory response, and activation of various viral promoters including human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeats1,2.
		In a majority of unstimulated cells, the NFkappaB transcription factors exist in their inactive form and are retained in the cytoplasm by the bound inhibitory IkappaB proteins4,5.
	www.chemicon.com /Product/ProductDataSheet.asp?ProductItem=+SGT610 (1386 words)

	Drosophila gene families: RNA polymerase and general transcription factors
		General Transcription Factors, as the protein factors involved in messenger RNA synthesis are known, are conserved across species as diverse as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Drosophila and humans.
		Upon transcription of termination/polyadenylation signals, the elongating complex is altered, resulting in the release of RNAPII from the template by an unknown process.
		Transcription is initiated by recognition of core promoter elements by TFIID and sequential or concerted assembly of the other GTFs and RNA pol II to form the preinitiation complex (PIC).
	www.sdbonline.org /fly/aignfam/rnapfacr.htm (2930 words)

	Basal Transcription Factors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The basal transcription factors are typically defined as the minimal complement of proteins necessary to reconstitute accurate transcription from a minimal promoter (such as a TATA element or initiator sequence).
		They are distinct from the regulatory transcription factors, which bind to sequences farther away from the initiation site and serve to modulate levels of transcription.
		Although the basal factors can assemble on the promoter in a step-wise manner in vitro, there is some evidence that many of the factor interactions can occur in the absence of DNA and that some of the factors may pre-assemble into a "holoenzyme".
	tfiib.med.harvard.edu /transcription/basaltx.html (242 words)

	Transcription Factor Imaging with the Atomic Force Microscope (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Transcription factors can be used to identify the positions of gene start-sites, and may be capable of determining the transcriptional orientation genes.
		Combinations of transcription factors and relationships between binding sites, including those that may form DNA loop structures, are also discernible by AFM imaging.
		Genes are regulated by transcription factors, that bind to DNA
	homer.hsr.ornl.gov /cbps/tfpage.htm (356 words)

	Pharyngula::Transcription factors and morphogens
		The function of a transcription factor, though, is to migrate back into the nucleus, and bind to specific regions of DNA.
		Genes A, B, C, D, and E could also be transcription factors, that may feed back on each other (gene B could, for instance, also turn on gene C) and on other transcription factors not directly regulated by gene X (genes F, G, and H, perhaps).
		The cell may need a certain number of transcription factor X molecules to be present in order to turn on gene B. There may also be competition with other factors, transcript factor Y, for instance, that are trying to turn gene B off.
	pharyngula.org /index/weblog/comments/transcription_factors_and_morphogens (843 words)

	Transcription factor CP2 is essential for lens-specific expression of the chicken alphaA-crystallin gene -- Murata et ...
		Transcription factor CP2 is essential for lens-specific expression of the chicken alphaA-crystallin gene -- Murata et al.
		Transcription factor CP2 is essential for lens-specific expression of the chicken alphaA-crystallin gene
		BACKGROUND: Lens-specific transcriptional activation of the chicken alphaA-crystallin gene is controlled by the distal and proximal enhancers, alphaCE1 and alphaCE2, respectively.
	www.genestocellsonline.org /cgi/content/abstract/3/7/443 (593 words)

	SIGS: Transcription Factor Interest Group
		The Transcription Factor Interest Group is concerned with a broad range of topics which relate to the transcriptional control of gene expression.
		Groups interested in the mechanism of transcriptional activation/repression at the gene level are concerned with the interactions of promoter/enhancer factors with each other and with the basal transcription machinery, and more general modes of activation/repression.
		Research on the activation of transcription factors is divided between the control of factor abundance in response to signals from the cell membrane, the cytoplasm or viral regulators, and mechanisms which affect the function of existing transcription factors (such as post-translational protein modification to activate or repress transcription factor activity).
	tango01.cit.nih.gov /sig/home.taf?_function=main&SIGInfo_SIGID=90 (213 words)

	Transcription factor activation and mitogenic synergism in airway smooth muscle cells -- Ediger et al. 21 (5): 759 -- ...
		Transcription factor activation and mitogenic synergism in airway smooth muscle cells -- Ediger et al.
		Transcription factor activation and mitogenic synergism in airway smooth muscle cells
		This study was supported by the University of Nebraska Medical Center seed grants to M.L. Toews, a University of Nebraska Emley Fellowship to T.L. Ediger and by research grants HL52810 and HL56107 from the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute to T.J. Murphy.
	erj.ersjournals.com /cgi/content/abstract/21/5/759 (359 words)

	Transcription Factor Pathogenesis of Cancer at the Millennium.
		The population of transcription factors that are active in the cell nucleus largely dictates the transcriptional output and hence the proliferative or differentiated phenotype of the cell.
		Thus, it is not surprising that alteration of transcription factor function as a result of either gain or loss of function mutations has now been established as a frequent cause of neoplastic transformation and tumor progression in humans.
		With the advent of technology capable of measuring global gene regulatory changes as a consequence of changes in a single transcription factor, the ability to completely define these transcriptomes and to use them in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy is at hand.
	www.euchromatin.net /aacr012600.htm (515 words)

	Transcription factor haploinsufficiency: when half a loaf is not enough -- Seidman and Seidman 109 (4): 451 -- Journal ...
		Transcription factor haploinsufficiency: when half a loaf is not enough -- Seidman and Seidman 109 (4): 451 -- Journal of Clinical Investigation
		for the absence of phenotype, despite transcription factor haploinsufficiency.
		A murine model of Holt-Oram syndrome defines roles of the T-box transcription factor Tbx5 in cardiogenesis and disease.
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/109/4/451 (2722 words)

	Marligen Bioscience, Inc. \| Multiplexed Transcription Factor Assays! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Marligen’s Multiplex Transcription Factor Profiling System employs a powerful multiplexing approach for simultaneously measuring the binding of many different transcription factors to their unique regulatory DNA elements.
		Using 10 μg of nuclear extract, significantly different profiles of transcription factor activation are observed for K632 cells treated with Hemin (left panel) and with PMA plus ionomycin (right panel).
		Transcription Factor Assay Development Services—Customized multiplexes containing non-standard mixtures of binding sites from Marligen’s library of validated sites, as well as design and validation of new binding sites of interest to specific researchers are available upon request, subject to minimum purchase requirements.
	www.marligen.com /products/tfproduct.htm (1040 words)

	3-D Structure Of Human Transcription Factor Proteins Revealed:
		The research was conducted by scientists with the U.S. Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) and the University of California at Berkeley.
		The 3-D images, at a resolution of 35 angstroms (atoms typically have a radius of one to two angstroms), identify critical components of a complex of transcriptional factor (TF) proteins that include TFIID, TFIIA and TFIIB.
		Once TFIID recognizes and binds to a gene on a strand of DNA, it interacts with RNA polymerase so that the genetic code is transcribed into messenger RNA which then carries the information out of the cell's nucleus and into its cytoplasm where proteins are assembled.
	www.lbl.gov /Science-Articles/Archive/human-transcription-factor.html (853 words)

	POZ Domain Transcription Factor, FBI-1, Represses Transcription of ADH5/FDH by Interacting with the Zinc Finger and ...
		POZ Domain Transcription Factor, FBI-1, Represses Transcription of ADH5/FDH by Interacting with the Zinc Finger and Interfering with DNA Binding Activity of Sp1 -- Lee et al.
		FBI-1 Represses Transcription of the Human ADH5/FDH Promoter, and the POZ Domain Is Responsible for Repression-- We investigated transcription regulatory function of the FBI-1 on the human ADH5/FDH promoter.
		B, general model of transcription repression by FBI-1 and POZ domain transcription factors.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/277/30/26761 (5489 words)

	Nfat: ubiquitous regulator of cell differentiation and adaptation -- Horsley and Pavlath 156 (5): 771 -- The Journal of ...
		Vascular endothelial growth factor activates nuclear factor of activated T cells in human endothelial cells: a role for tissue factor gene expression.
		Role of the NF-ATc transcription factor in morphogenesis of cardiac valves and septum.
		The nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) transcription factor NFATp (NFATc2) is a repressor of chondrogenesis.
	www.jcb.org /cgi/content/full/156/5/771 (3253 words)

	Pfam 20.0 : CBFD_NFYB_HMF (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The CCAAT-binding factor (CBF) is a mammalian transcription factor that binds to a CCAAT motif in the promoters of a wide variety of genes, including type I collagen and albumin.
		The factor is a heteromeric complex of A and B subunits, both of which are required for DNA-binding PUBMED:2266139, PUBMED:1549471.
		The Kluyveromyces lactis HAP3 protein has been predicted to contain a 4-cysteine zinc finger, which is thought to be present in similar HAP3 and CBF subunit A proteins, in which the third cysteine is replaced by a serine PUBMED:7845362.
	pfam.wustl.edu /cgi-bin/getdesc?name=CBFD_NFYB_HMF (222 words)

	Escherichia coli Transcription Factor Binding Sites (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The genome coordinates, source of information, transcription factor name, and annotation for known TF-binding sites that regulate the target gene.
		The Study set: a detailed study of 166 genes with experimentally verified transcription factor binding sites was performed and described in the Genome Research paper.
		The "Study set sorted by known TF-binding sites" link displays a table that is sorted according to the 48 transcription factors that regulate the 166 study set genes.
	bayesweb.wadsworth.org /binding_sites (460 words)

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