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Topic: Transmission loss

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	Transmission loss (TL) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The definition of transmission loss (TL) is, " The accumulated decrease in acoustic intensity as an acoustic pressure wave propagates outwards from a source." As the acoustic wave propagates outwards from the source the intensity of the the signal is reduced with increasing range due to:
		Transmission loss due to attenuation is represented in the sonar equations in terms of an attenuation coefficient '
		The transmission loss is an important term in the sonar equations as it is the only parameter which is a function of the range (R).
	freespace.virgin.net /mark.davidson3/TL/TL.html (1024 words)

	United States Patent Application: 0040091266
		An optical transmission system as defined by claim 1, wherein the optical component is a member of the group consisting of an optical multiplexer for combining the component signals and an optical demultiplexer for separating the component signals.
		For trunk-line optical transmission systems for which communication demands are booming, researchers and engineers are studying to increase the transmission capacity further by increasing the degree of multiplexing through the narrowing of the wavelength spacing of the component signals.
		In the wavelength range of 1,510 to 1,570 nm, the total transmission loss of the optical fiber transmission line 20 has a variation range of 0.9 dB (the term "variation range" is used to mean the difference between the largest and the smallest in a set of numbers).
	appft1.uspto.gov /netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/srchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1="20040091266".PGNR.&OS=DN/20040091266&RS=DN/20040091266 (6045 words)

	5a
		The sound insulation or sound transmission loss of a wall is that property which enables it to resist the passage of noise or sound from one side to the other.
		The theoretical transmission loss of that limp mass having the same weight per square foot as the specimen can be located by drawing a straight line between the two slash marks on the edges of the grid.
		The sound transmission class for the specimen is the TL (transmission loss) value corresponding to the intersection of the sound transmission class contour and the 500-Hz ordinate.
	www.bia.org /BIA/technotes/t5a.htm (1353 words)

	Chamber for tesing acoustical transmission loss characteristics of sheet materials - Patent 4397187
		Acoustical transmission loss of sheet materials in the low frequency range is measured by utilizing a cylindrical test chamber containing a speaker directed towards the upper end to which the sheet material is mounted.
		Transmission losses for the test material are derived across a desired spectrum of frequencies by taking the difference in the two measured particle velocities for individual frequencies.
		Transmission loss determination across the sheet material 22 is achieved by measuring the difference in the particle velocities above and below the tested material, while that material is being vibrated by the sound waves emanating from the speaker 9.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4397187.html (3249 words)

	Transmission Loss Suite - Acoustics Laboratories - Mechanical Engineering - University of Canterbury (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The transmission loss suite in the Department of Mechanical Engineering is a versatile facility which is used to measure sound insulation of walls, door or panels.
		The transmission loss of different wall or door constructions can be determined by measuring the sound intensity transmitted through the construction, which is placed in the common opening.
		The transmission loss of a construction test specimen is measured at 16 one-third octave bands with centre frequencies from 125 to 4000 Hz.
	www.mech.canterbury.ac.nz /labs/acoustics_tls.shtml (726 words)

	APPENDIX A Development and Evaluation of EWNR Rating Scheme - FHWA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Transmission loss in a given structure is a property which is frequency dependent.
		To identify the precise shape of this special transmission loss curve, an assumption must be made as to the frequency characteristics of the exterior noise level.
		is the transmission coefficient corresponding to the EWNR of the i
	www.fhwa.dot.gov /environment/high/high08.htm (1979 words)

	United States Patent: 6,772,362 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Therefore, the signals received at the destination ends of the first low loss transmission lines in the circuit can be delayed by a multiple of 1/2 the ramped signal so that all low loss transmission lines 6 in the circuit have clock signals at the input and termination ends which have substantially no skew.
		The low loss transmission line 6 is located within a trench 12, where the trench 12 is formed within an insulating layer 101 of insulating material 50, of an integrated circuit.
		Typically a low loss transmission line 6 is one where the resistance is much lower than (4L/C).sup.1/2, where L is the inductance and C is the capacitance of the low loss transmission line 6, R<<(4L/C).sup.1/2.
	web.engr.oregonstate.edu /~flf/6772362.html (5342 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Transmission is the transfer of heat energy by conduction and convection through the exterior structure.
		The amoung of heat loss through the insulation is usually lower than the amount of loss through the framing.
		The foundation below ground level has a lower heat loss because of the insulating effect of the ground; however, insualtion is needed at least to the frostline and is suggested for the entire foundation wall (Figure 5).
	www.gsenet.org /library/07eng/heatloss.htm (1865 words)

	Measurement of Sound Transmission Loss of Door Panels and Door Systems - Measurement Encyclopedia - National Instruments
		The sound transmission loss of a door panel or door system is 10 times the logarithm of the reciprocal of the ratio of the energy transmitted through the door system to the energy incident on the door system.
		Measurement of the transmission loss of door assemblies is generally conducted in accordance with an industry standard test code, such as ASTM E1408.
		Transmission Loss (TL) in decibels (dB) in octave or
	zone.ni.com /devzone/nidzgloss.nsf/webmain/026EA00C2485F26F862568C600632CDD (399 words)

	Equalizer for frequency independent and dependent transmission loss components with a pilot used for the frequency ...
		The loss component compensating arrangement 27 supplies an intermediate output terminal 29 with an intermediate output signal in which the first loss component is optimally compensated for.
		Another loss component compensating arrangement 32 is for compensating for the second loss component in compliance with the control signal and is referred to herein as a second loss component compensating arrangement.
		For the illustrated automatic equalizer, the second loss component compensating arrangement 32 is supplied with the intermediate output signal and delivers the equalized signal to the equalizer output terminal 24 as the equalizer output signal.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4746881.html (7075 words)

	RF Transmission Line Loss Calculator
		Transmission line data is entirely stored in the database table, and adding new transmission lines is just a matter of inserting rows in the database table.
		Mismatch loss or loss due to standing waves can be determined accurately knowing the propagation constant (γ) of the line and the complex reflection coefficient (Γ) at a known point on the line.
		Transmission line manufacturing tolerances are the most likely cause of the greatest error for new transmission lines, and for those that have been in service, degradation (eg ingress of water, contamination of dielectric, physical distortion, stretching, crushing etc) is a potential further source of significant error.
	www.vk1od.net /tl/tllc.php (949 words)

	RFC 2448 (rfc2448) - AT&T's Error Resilient Video Transmission Technique (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The second factor is the determination of a compromise between the HP segment size and the corresponding loss resilience.
		Transmission of HP data using a reliable transport protocol [1] In this approach, one or more of the HP segments are transmitted using a reliable transport protocol prior to starting the transmission of the LP segments.
		Out-of-band transmission of the HP information [2] In cases where a certain sequence of HP segments is used periodically for the entire duration of the video bitstream, this sequence may be transmitted once before the start of video transmission using a reliable transport protocol.
	www.faqs.org /rfcs/rfc2448.html (1611 words)

	The Hindu : New Delhi News : `Transmission loss to blame for water crisis'
		The inability of the Delhi Jal Board to reduce massive leakages of water during transmission coupled with inequitable distribution seems to be responsible for the worst ever crisis being faced by Delhiites this summer since 1998.
		Exposing the inefficiency of the DJB officials, particularly those responsible for transmission and distribution of water, the confidential note stated that at least 210 MGD (million gallons of water per day) was unaccounted for and did not reach the consumers because of leakages and transmission losses.
		"Loss of water in the Capital is to the tune of 30 per cent," the note said.
	www.hinduonnet.com /2004/07/23/stories/2004072310230400.htm (638 words)

	Transmission Lines - Joseph H. Reisert (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		RF transmission lines come in several types such as open wire, twinlead, coaxial, waveguide etc. This paper will only address the coaxial type since that is the most commonly used type in the communications field.
		The disadvantages of coax are that it has insertion loss, power limitations and increases system expenditures, Generally speaking, the greater the flexibility and the smaller the diameter of the coax, the higher the insertion loss.
		Finally, when a large diameter low loss coax is used as the main feedline, it is often difficult to connect the coax directly to the antenna.
	www.astronantennas.com /transmission.html (1157 words)

	Norlite: Sound Absorption
		Transmission loss is a measure of the effectiveness of a wall, floor, door or other barrier in restricting the passage of sound The transmission loss varies with frequency and the loss is usually greater with higher frequencies.
		The unit of measure of sound transmission loss is the decibel (dB).
		Sound Transmission Class (STC) is a single number rating determined in a prescribed manner from sound transmission loss values, This rating is arrived at by comparing the measured transmission losses at the 16 test bands with those of a reference contour having the form illustrated in Figure 1.
	www.norliteagg.com /maps/sound.htm (1914 words)

	Masonry Technical Library - Masonry Acoustics and STC Ratings
		Arithmetic averages of sound transmission loss at selected frequency levels were widely used in the past to rate the effectiveness of walls.
		In compliance with ASTM E-90, the STC of a wall is determined by comparing its transmission loss curve with a set of standard curves, or contours.
		The standard curve is superimposed over a plot of the actual sound transmission loss curve, and shifted upward or downward relative to the test curve until some of the measured TL values of the test specimen fall below those of the STC contour and the following conditions are fulfilled.
	www.maconline.org /tech/materials/sstoc/sswalls3/sswalls3.html (422 words)

	Radome Transmission Loss and Antenna Pattern Degradation
		Radome transmission loss is the sum of the ordinary insertion loss of the antenna (radar) signal passing through the radome wall plus the scattering loss off the radome panel framework blocking (shadowing) the antenna aperture.
		The precise details of where this energy goes is dependent on the shadow length and radome transmission loss, the electronic signature of the framework and the positions and orientations of the framework members shadowing the reflector.
		In summary, the superior transmission loss performance of the symmetric orange peel random over the quasi-random unit is both a property of the shorter shadow length and smaller electronic signature.
	www.radome.net /tl.html (4194 words)

	Automated Transmission Loss Measurement in the Structural Acoustic Loads and Transmission Facility at NASA Langley ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The acoustic intensity incident on the panel from the reverberant side of the transmission loss window is estimated from measurements made using six stationary microphones in the reverberant source room.
		A transmission loss estimate of a typical panel is shown.
		The measurement-to-measurement and setup-to-setup repeatability of the transmission loss estimate are assessed.
	techreports.larc.nasa.gov /ltrs/refer/2002/mtg/NASA-2002-icence-jk.refer.html (200 words)

	Siemens AG - Minimizing transmission loss (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		According to this method, the three-phase current generated by the power plant is converted to direct current by a converter station at the beginning of the transmission link.
		From there it is transported to the receiving station at the end of the transmission link, where it is converted back to three-phase current.
		HVDC technology is also used for submarine cable transmissions, such as the Moyle Interconnector between Northern Ireland and Scotland as well as in the Australian Basslink project.
	www.siemens.com /index.jsp?sdc_p=cfi1215160lmno1206602pst55uz&sdc_sid=4704029082& (684 words)

	Web-Based Tutoring In Power Engineering (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Should something occur to cause a loss of a transmission line, the PV plot would change to look like one of the plots below.
		The lower plot shows the PV curve that would result if the transmission line that failed had a low reactance and the remaining operable line had a high reactance (X = 1.2 p.u.).
		The loss of a transmission line can be corrected with the addition of shunt capacitance by adjusting ß in the below PV equation.
	www.ee.washington.edu /energy/apt/nsf/previous/demopage/demo7.html (283 words)

	A Transmission Line Simulator for GaAs Integrated Circuits
		The behavior of signal flow at transmission line junctions and at the active circuit interfaces is captured by the application of Kirchoff's current equations.
		The signals coming into a node (a subcircuit or a junction of transmission lines) at a given time are computed from signals going out of the adjacent nodes at some previous times.
		Loss of accuracy as a function of R and transmission-line length.
	www.sigda.org /Archives/ProceedingArchives/Dac/Dac91/papers/1991/dac91/42_2/42_2.htm (3259 words)

	Hot Topic
		Their possible impacts on transmission systems such as the advantages of designing EDFA systems and the extension of repeater-less transmission to 400 km with Raman amplifier are also described.
		The loss components are analyzed and the total loss of 0.1484 dB/km consists of Rayleigh scattering of 0.123 dB/km, OH absorption tail of 0.0024 dB/km, imperfection loss of 0.004 dB/km and infrared absorption loss of 0.019 dB/km.
		The transmission loss is less than 0.160 dB/km within the wavelength range from 1506 nm to 1614 nm, which covers most of the EDF amplification range.
	www.ieee.org /organizations/pubs/newsletters/leos/dec02/hot_topic.html (1376 words)

	B-Quiet sound deadening materials - Compare B-Quiet with Dynamat
		Acoustic Loss Factor- a measure of the ability to reduce structural borne sound.
		Transmission Loss - the reduction in noise level resulting from passage through an obstruction at a given frequency.
		Sound transmission class (STC) is the overall measurement of the effectiveness of a material to attenuate sound.
	www.b-quiet.com /compare.html (239 words)

	Transmission Loss :: Transmission Loss in Fiber Optics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Loss per inch must be expressed as a decimal.
		Light striking the input surface of the fiber will be reflected, rather than continuing through the fiber, even though the incidence angle is within the acceptance angle of the fiber.
		This phenomena is caused by a difference in refractive indices (light traveling in air with one refractive index, meets the core glass surface, with a different refractive index).
	www.fiberoptix.com /technical/transmission-loss.html (659 words)

	OASP Transmission loss calculation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Figure 4: Transmission loss contours produced by OASP and PP for a point source in an infinite fluid medium.
		As an example of the use of OASP for computing transmission losses, and for demonstrating the difference between the full Bessel function integration and the default fast-field Hankel function approximation, the following data files computes the transfer function for a 150 Hz simple point source in a lossless, infinite fluid medium.
		The execution of OASP with these input files generates the transfer function files, which are then converted to transmission loss by PP.
	acoustics.mit.edu /faculty/henrik/oases/node75.html (185 words)

	transmission loss (TL) - Measurement Encyclopedia - National Instruments
		or range of frequencies of a signal that is passed along a transmission line, or through a telecommunications circuit.
		Mathematically, this is the noise reduction between the chambers, plus ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the test specimen plan area to the Sabine absorption of the receiving room.
		The assumption is made that all sound reaching the receive room passed through the specimen, that is, the absence of flanking sound transmission.
	zone.ni.com /devzone/nidzgloss.nsf/webmain/D8BEE67A016AC37F8625686A0078B78F (144 words)

	Mechanical Acoustics/Vibration engineering - Sound absoption conficts with Sound transmission loss?
		Sound transmission loss is a measure of the ability of the material to block the sound travelling through it.
		In non-resonant transmission the incident sound wave impinges on the partition and forces it to move.
		Resonant transmission occurs when in incoming sound wave strikes the partition in such a way that the pressure distribution matches the modeshape of one of the panel's modes of vibration at the same frequency as that mode of vibration.
	www.eng-tips.com /viewthread.cfm?qid=44510 (1399 words)

	3pAA1 Performance transmission loss and the ``high low'' rating method (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Performance transmission loss and the ``high low'' rating method for predicting and measuring sound resistance of walls, ceilings, and floors.
		The advantage of using two numbers is to distinguish between the speech- and low-frequency sound transmission loss performance.
		As explained in this paper, SPTL and LPTL predictions and measurements are a function of the source spectrum, the receiving-room noise criteria and the sound transmission loss data.
	www.auditory.org /asamtgs/asa93ott/3pAA/3pAA1.html (181 words)

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