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Topic: Transonic

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	Transonic Flow
		Transonic flow presents a special problem area as neither equations describing subsonic flow nor those describing supersonic flow may be accurately applied to the regime.
		Throughout the transonic range, the drag coefficient of the airplane is greater than in the supersonic range because of the erratic shock formation and general flow instabilities.
		Often, in transonic flow, the flow is unsteady, and the shock waves on the body surface may jump back and forth along the surface, thus disrupting and separating the flow over the wing surface.
	www.centennialofflight.gov /essay/Theories_of_Flight/Transonic_Flow/TH19.htm (1663 words)

	Transonic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Transonic is an aeronautics term referring to a range of velocities just below and above the speed of sound (about mach 0.8 - 1.3).
		It is defined as the range of speeds between critical mach, when some parts of the airflow over an aircraft become supersonic, and a higher speed, typically near Mach 1.2, when all of the airflow is supersonic.
		This is particularly important due to an effect known as wave drag, which is prevalent in these speed ranges.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Transonic (170 words)

	Kevin's Online Tools: Transonic Small Disturbance Solver - Help with the Utility (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The subject of transonic flow is far too large a topic to cover in any kind of depth in a document such as this, but for the absolute novice, some rudimentary explanation is required in order to understand what the solutions represent.
		The term transonic implies that the flow is mixed, with some regions subsonic (slower than the speed of sound) and some regions supersonic (faster than the speed of sound).
		Thus, while the aircraft is flying subsonically, part of the flowfield is supersonic, resulting in transonic flow.
	www.aa.nps.navy.mil /~jones/online_tools/tsd/theory (936 words)

	Transonic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Transonic is a place, a time, a sound whose goal is to transcend normal boundaries and illuminate a futuristic sounic universe.
		Some who listen to Transonic are hypnotized by its meditative sonic qualitites and subtleties that appear to alter the fabric of time and space.
		Transonic is a journey you must experience, it's complex yet simple, dense yet clear.
	music.hyperreal.org /labels/fax/info/transonic.html (228 words)

	Types of Wings and Transonic Flow
		drag encountered when an aircraft travels at high speeds, i.e., the transonic wave drag rise, or of increasing the drag-divergence Mach number (the free-stream Mach number at which drag rises precipitously) so that it is closer to 1.
		airfoils: increase in drag associated with transonic flow is roughly proportional to the square of the thickness-chord ratio (t/c).
		Basically, the area rule states that minimum transonic and supersonic drag is obtained when the cross-sectional area distribution of the airplane along the longitudinal axis can be projected into a body of revolution that is smooth and shows no abrupt changes in cross section along its length.
	www.centennialofflight.gov /essay/Theories_of_Flight/Transonic_Wings/TH20.htm (1457 words)

	Transonic CiX ultrasonic / sonic pest deterrent (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Transonic CiX is a patented, completely solid-state electronic device that emits high intensity sound waves at frequencies on which the pests communicate.
		Transonic CiX input: 6-16 volts DC (25 milliamps).
		Following these recommendations, the Transonic CiX is ideal for indoor/outdoor use by industry, food establishments, warehouses, granaries, or anywhere that pest birds, insects or small animals are a problem to your business.
	www.izola.co.uk /birds/products/trans.html (1276 words)

	Transonic Aerodynamics and Shock Waves
		Shocks are classified as weak or strong, depending on the value of the pressure jump across the shock; they are also classified as normal or oblique, compression or rarefaction shocks, direct or reflected shocks.
		The jumps of the aero-thermodynamic properties of the gas across a normal shock are derived from the conservation equations for mass, momentum and energy (Rankine- Hugoniot).
		One approximation that is commonly done is to consider the shock as an insentropic transformation, which is a good approximation for transonic flows.
	aerodyn.org /HighSpeed/shock.html (662 words)

	Transonic expects strong earnings - Breaking News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Transonic Travel Ltd expects an increase of at least 25 per cent in full year earnings after reporting a strong first half net profit.
		Transonic chairman John Ward said the strong result reflected increasing demand for international travel following the downturn in 2003, as well as tight control of costs throughout the company's operations.
		Transonic said its Air Services division had increased its total transaction value by eight per cent in the first half, while its Leisure division's total transaction value had risen by 24 per cent.
	www.smh.com.au - !http: //www.smh.com.au/news/Business/Transonic-expects-strong-earningss/2005/02/15/1108229966438.html (410 words)

	Transonic Aerodynamics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The information is concerned with the flow around aerofoils, wings, bodies and cowls at high subsonic, transonic and (in a few cases) low supersonic speeds.
		The transition from high subsonic to transonic flow is marked by the development of a local region of supersonic flow embedded in the otherwise wholly subsonic flow and the consequent development of shock waves and shock wave drag.
		A unique feature is the extensive treatment of the application of vortex generators to the control of shock-induced separation, particularly on wings, which includes consideration of the aerodynamic principles involved, a design guide and case studies of the use of vortex generators.
	www.techsavvy.com /industry/file/national/10cn2/esd16.html?id=165200&comp_id=10CN2&base_region=* (281 words)

	Transonic Definitions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		If you are looking for a simple or profound explanation as to what the Transonic Consciousness is, you will be somewhat disappointed with the necessary explanation that reveals what It is, for It transcends-without doing so-not only the simple and the profound, but Itself also.
		Transonically speaking, life and death are two parts of the same thing.
		That is, the transonic Self cannot explain Itself, for that would put a limitation on It.
	www.valkyrie.net /~gccutlip/trdef1.html (461 words)

	Aerospaceweb.org \| Ask Us - Area Rule and Transonic Flight (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Since the transonic drag rise was still not fully understood, the F-102's designers chose an engine they believed would provide enough thrust to reach a maximum speed of about Mach 1.2.
		What he found was that the drag created on these shapes was directly related to the change in cross-sectional area of the vehicle from the nose to the tail.
		A good example is the Boeing 747, known for its distinctive "hump." This hump, which houses the cockpit and upper passenger deck, increases the cross-sectional area of the forward fuselage and has the effect of evening the volume distribution over the length of the aircraft.
	www.aerospaceweb.org /question/aerodynamics/q0104.shtml (944 words)

	SBIR and STTR Success Story for Transonic Systems, Inc. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		NIH SBIR Phase I funding enabled Transonic Systems, Inc. to develop, validate, and commercialize a new catheter-based blood flow measurement device for measuring flow changes cause by angioplasty of hemodialysis PTFE grafts and native fistulae.
		However, until Transonic developed the flow-measurement catheters, doctors had no way to intraoperatively measure the flow improvements caused by angioplasty, and it was common to have to have multiple angioplasty sessions before flow was truly restored.
		The new Transonic technology lets doctors measure flow changes before & after angioplasty by simply inserting a catheter into the graft and making an injection of room-temperature saline.
	grants.nih.gov /grants/funding/sbir_successes/183.htm (630 words)

	Transonic Travel to strengthen leisure operations with $16.5 million acquisition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Transonic Travel Limited, a leading provider of services to the airline and travel industry, has reached agreement for the acquisition of a group of leisure businesses in USA, Australia, New Zealand and Fiji.
		Transonic’s CEO Peter Lacaze said: “This acquisition is in line with the group’s strategy of making bolt-on acquisitions that complement and benefit our existing operations.
		Transonic’s strong management team in North America are well placed to complete the integration quickly and efficiently” said Mr Lacaze.
	www.asiatraveltips.com /news05/271-Transonic.shtml (496 words)

	Transonic Travel Limited
		Transonic may use information it collects from you for the primary purpose for which it is collected and for such other secondary purposes that are related to the primary purpose for collection.
		How Transonic treats Sensitive Information: "Sensitive Information" means information relating to a person's racial or ethnic origin, membership of political bodies, religion, membership of a trade union or professional or trade association, sexual preferences, criminal records and health.
		Transonic may use and disclose Sensitive Information only for the purpose for which it was provided or a directly related secondary purpose or as allowed by law unless you have agreed otherwise.
	www.transonictravel.com.au /Transonic/Misc/PrivacyPolicy.aspx (1271 words)

	The Transonic Wind Tunnel and the NACA Technical Culture
		Transonic research airplanes, besides being expensive and requiring extensive support, also endangered their pilots: the NACA's Howard Lilly, third human to exceed the speed of sound, died in a May 1948 crash of the D-558-1 Skystreak, an aircraft comparable to the X-1.
		Study of the relation between transonic wind tunnel development and NACA public relations practices is mainly beyond the scope of the present work as it evolved, but is also the principal desideratum it generated.
		Much later the area rule, the transonic design principle described in chapter 5, grew out of NACA research engineer Richard Whitcomb's integrated view of the whole aircraft, and was nurtured by his experiments in one of the original slotted-wall transonic wind tunnels—a tunnel he helped to commission and refine.
	history.nasa.gov /SP-4219/Chapter4.html (15375 words)

	Transonic Aircraft
		Typical speeds for transonic aircraft are greater than 250 mph but less than 760 mph, and the Mach number M is nearly equal to one, M ~= 1.
		While the aircraft itself may be traveling less than the speed of sound, the air going around the aircraft exceeds the speed of sound at some locations on the aircraft.
		The wings of airliners are typically swept in planform to reduce the transonic drag.
	www.lerc.nasa.gov /WWW/K-12/airplane/hisub.html (392 words)

	Transonic -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Transonic is an (The theory and practice of navigation through air or space) aeronautics term referring to a range of velocities just below and above the (Click link for more info and facts about speed of sound) speed of sound.
		Most modern (An airplane powered by one or more jet engines) jet powered aircraft spend a considerable amount of time in the transonic regime.
		This is particularly important due to an effect known as (Click link for more info and facts about wave drag) wave drag, which is prevalent in these speed ranges.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/t/tr/transonic.htm (147 words)

	Transonic earnings up 39pc for half-year
		Transonic Travel today announced a net profit after tax of $2.4 million for the six months to December 31, 2004.
		Transonic chairman John Ward said the result reflected growing demand for international travel following the SARS-influenced downturn in 2003, as well as tight control of costs.
		Transonic ceo Peter Lacaze said the company was now in “an excellent position” to expand its existing operations and take advantage of further acquisition opportunities.
	www.travelbiz.com.au /articles/0f/0c02ce0f.asp (526 words)

	Wandera Ogana - Mathematician of the African Diaspora
		Wandera Ogana's Ph.D thesis entitled, "Computation of steady two-dimensional transonic flows by an integral equation method", under the advice of Professor John R. Spreiter, dealt with the development of new numerical schemes for solving the transonic integral equation.
		He showed further that similar numerical formulations, and hence equivalent solutions, would be obtained if the same cavity used in derivation of the integral equation was maintained during the numerical reduction to the system of nonlinear algebraic equations.
		Later he was one of the pioneers in solving the transonic integral and integro-differential equations using techniques from the then evolving field of boundary elements.
	www.math.buffalo.edu /mad/PEEPS/ogana_wandera.html (1389 words)

	On the application of transonic similarity rules to wings of finite span (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The transonic aerodynamic characteristics of wings of finite span are discussed from the point of view of a unified small perturbation theory for subsonic, transonic, and supersonic flows about thin wings.
		This approach avoids certain ambiguities which appear if one studies transonic flows by means of equations derived under the more restrictive assumption that the local velocities are everywhere close to sonic velocity.
		The relation between the two methods of analysis of transonic flow is examined, the similarity rules and known solutions of transonic flow theory are reviewed, and the asymptotic behavior of the lift, drag, and pitching-moment characteristics of wings of large and small aspect ratio is discussed.
	naca.larc.nasa.gov /reports/1953/naca-report-1153 (162 words)

	Transonic Aircraft Design
		he best method of avoiding transonic problems associated with the normal shock waves is to avoid flying in the transonic speed range.
		It is crucial for a jet airliner which may encounter transonic effects to have a stabilizer and elevator combination which will work effectively even if a shock wave has formed.
		Vortex generators are very effective in transonic flight since there is a lot of energy in the free stream (it is supersonic after all.) To be effective the vortex generator must be placed at the point where the shock wave will form.
	selair.selkirk.bc.ca /aerodynamics1/High-Speed/Page2e.html (1086 words)

	Textile Research Journal: A numerical analysis of transonic/supersonic flows in the axisymmetric main nozzle of an ...
		This paper reports a numerical analysis of transonic flows in the axisymmetric backward-facing step main nozzle of an air-jet loom.
		To obtain basic design data for the optimum main nozzle shape of an air-jet loom and to predict transonic/supersonic internal flows, a characteristic-based, upwind flux difference-splitting, compressible Navier-- Stokes method is used.
		If we use the full Navier-Stokes equation to analyze the internal transonic/ supersonic flow, we may be able to explain the complex flow phenomena of shock waves and flow separations in detail.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa4025/is_200109/ai_n8959460 (1463 words)

	Bird control and animal control with sonic bird repellers - Transonic IX-L
		Transonic IX-L is a patented, completely solid-state electronic device that emits high intensity sound waves at frequencies on which the pests communicate.
		WRITTEN WARRANTY INCLUDED A full year's repair or replacement warranty against any defect in material or workmanship accompanies your Transonic IX-L. Customers all over the world agree that the ultra sonic sound method is more cost effective, safer and ecologically preferable to traps, unreliable chemicals or dangerous poisons.
		Following these recommendations, the Transonic IX-L is ideal for indoor/outdoor use by industry, food establishments, warehouses, granaries, or anywhere that pest insects or small animals are a problem to you!
	www.pest-bird-animal-control.com /BX-transonic.html (753 words)

	Pennington Equipment Co. - Transonic IX-L Drives Pests Away With Sounds They Can't Stand!
		WRITTEN WARRANTY INCLUDED A full year's repair or replacement warranty against any defect in material or workmanship accompanies your Transonic IX-L. Customers all over the world agree that the ultrasonic sound method is more cost effective, safer and ecologically preferable to traps, unreliable chemicals or dangerous poisons.
		The Transonic IX-L is built to stringent commercial standards.
		Following these recommendations, the Transonic IX-L is ideal for indoor/outdoor use by industry, food establishments, warehouses, granaries, or anywhere that pest birds, insects or small animals are a problem to you!
	www.spotfree.net /birdx/BXtransonicIX.htm (601 words)

	Transonic acquires travel tour firms - Breaking News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Service company Transonic Travel Ltd says its $16.5 million acquisition of a group of leisure businesses will expand its footprint in the US and open up markets in the Pacific.
		Shares in Transonic, which listed on the ASX last May, closed at a new high of $3.48, up 21 cents or 6.42 per cent.
		The vendors will receive cash of $11.5 million, 537,634 Transonic shares issued under escrow for 12 months, and a deferred payment of $3.5 million to be made in 18 months time.
	www.theage.com.au - !http: //www.theage.com.au/news/Breaking-News/Transonic-acquires-travel-tour-firms/2005/01/27/1106415724765.html (414 words)

	Transonic Area Ruling, High Speed Aerodynamics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Here are some important statements regarding slender bodies, to which actual aircraft and missiles are associated at transonic and supersonic speeds.
		For wing-body combinations one of the most important conclusion of a linearized transonic flow is the possibility of reducing the system to an equivalent body of revolution.
		Away from a slender body, the flow is axial-symmetric, and equivalent to the flow around a body of revolution.
	aerodyn.org /HighSpeed/cresults.html (193 words)

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