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Topic: Transoxiania

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	Yuezhi - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		They are believed to have been the same as or closely related to the Tocharians, who spoke an Indo-European language called Tocharian.
		They were originally settled in the Tarim Basin area, in what is today Gansu and Xinjiang, in China, before they migrated to Transoxiania, Bactria and then northern India, where they formed the Kushan Empire.
		The first known reference to the Yuezhi was made in 645 BCE by the Chinese economist Guan Zhong.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Yuezhi (2368 words)

	The Heritage of World Civilizations, Fifth Edition Chapter 14 -- Instructor's Manual
		Although the Mongols continued to rule the old Persian empire, the resistance of Berke confirmed the breakup of Mongol unity and of the autonomy of the four Khanates.
		Between 1379 and 1405, Tammerlane savagely swept all before him in a frenzy of conquest: Iran, Armenia, the Caucasus, Mesopotamia, Syria, and northern India; his contributions were minimal and his legacy was destruction and political chaos.
		The lasting legacy of the Mongol invasions was to divide northern India Transoxiania from areas west of Egypt.
	cwx.prenhall.com /bookbind/pubbooks/craig3/chapter14/custom2/deluxe-content.html (1186 words)

	Transoxiania (via CobWeb/3.1 planet03.csc.ncsu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Transoxiania is an ancient name of the land referred to as Uzbekistan nowadays, land famous for its beauty and culture.
		Warm and sweet, this barrette was hand-painted in uzbekistan and touched with liquid bronze.
		This is a wider version of our "Transoxiania" barrette: bright and delicate ornamental painting on golden background.
	www.uzbekalive.com.cob-web.org:8888 /category/Barrettes/Transoxiania.html (634 words)

	Vom Persichen zum Tadschikischen. Sprachliches Handeln und Sprachplannung . Wiesbaden, Reichert Verlag, 2001, pp. XX + ...
		The author intends to study and analyse the history of Persian-Tajik language in Transoxiania in the period during which this language appeared at the outset as Persian and ended up as the Tajik language.
		The year 1900 indicates the beginning of a new century when the Persian language clearly marks the functions and qualities of a standard Islamic language in a multilingual environment in Transoxiania.
		The year 1956, according to the author, clearly marks the end of a development whereby the function of this language is reduced to the level of a national language in Tajikistan.
	abstractairanica.revues.org /document4147.html (450 words)

	Sacred Scrolls of the Essene Church
		In the East Mani's followers were involved in the persecution that resulted in his death, and many of them fled to Transoxiania.
		Their headquarters and the residence of the chief of the sect continued to be Babylon.
		Albîrûnî, 973-1048, speaks of the Manichaeans as still existing in large numbers throughout all Mohammedan lands, and especially in the region of Samarkand, where they were known as Sabeans.
	essenes.net /maninewman.html (14241 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Oghuz (or Ghuz) TURKS, called the TURKMEN (Turkoman) in Europe, dominated the area between Mongolia and Transoxiania, where contacts with Muslim missionaries, merchants, and warriors led to further assimilation.
		The Uighur moved south into Xinjiang (Sinkiang), in northern China, and west into Transoxiania The Kirghiz also moved, finally settling in the mountains of what is now Kyrgyzstan, where they remain today.
		They conquered China and the Asian steppes between north China and Transoxiania and by the middle of the 13th century had invaded and conquered the Seljuk- Abbasid Middle East as well as Anatolia.
	www.cs.cmu.edu /afs/cs/project/theo-3/data/web_country/turkey/People.Turks.html (1185 words)

	Turkish Odyssey/About Turkey/History/Turkish Period
		The Oguz Turks, called the Turkmen (Turkoman) in Europe, dominated the area between Mongolia and Transoxiania, where contacts with Moslem missionaries, merchants and warriors led to further assimilation.
		The Kirgiz also moved, finally settling in the mountains of what is now the Commonwealth of Independent States, where they remain today.
		They conquered China and the Asian steppes between northern China and Transoxiania and by the middle of the 13C had invaded and conquered the Seljuk-Abbasid Middle East as well as Anatolia.
	www.turkishodyssey.com /turkey/history/history3.htm (4652 words)

	Milosevic dead? - Page 2 - Armchair General Forums
		The Western part contracted and was ultimately influenced by the Islamic civilization of the Middle East.The Uighur remained in northern Mongolia and the Kirgiz wandered in the steppes to the north.
		The Oguz Turks, called the Turkmen (Turkoman) in Europe, dominated the area between Mongolia and Transoxiania, where contacts with Moslem missionaries, merchants and warriors led to further assimilation.Under the leadership of the Seljuk warrior family, the Oguz tribes entered Iran and then other parts of the Middle East.
		They went as raiders and mercenaries in service of the weakening Abbasid caliphs and also were hired by many towns to provide defenses against the anarchical conditions of the time.In the meantime, in Central Asia the Kirgiz pushed the Uighur out of Mongolia in the late 9C.
	www.armchairgeneral.com /forums/showthread.php?t=38585&page=2 (4372 words)

	THE IRANIAN: Turkmenistan, Shahriar Zahedi
		Corrupt Turkmen officials (including Niyazov) are paid huge by the narco-traffickers to look the other way while the drugs make the transit through Turkmenistan to reach the markets in Europe and beyond.
		It seems to me that our beloved Iranian Plateau, bounded by Mesopotamia to the southwest, Transoxiania to the northeast, Indus Valley to the southeast, and the Caucuses to the northwest, has produced and still produces the garden variety of super-lunatic rulers.
		There must be something in the air or maybe in the soil that causes clowns like Saddam, Molla Omar, Trkmenbashi, etc. to surface and usurp power and rule with impunity.
	www.iranian.com /ShahriarZahedi/2004/January/Turkmen/index.html (491 words)

	We trace our ancestry to a 13th century mystic named Sheikh Zahed Gilani
		Taj-od-din Ebrahim son of Roshan Amir was born in 1216 in Siavarood in the Gilan region of Iran.
		His ancestors were originally from Khorasan in the northeast of the country, but fleeing the onslought of Seljuk Turks, Persian Speaking people from Khorasan and the Transoxiania regions (between Seer-Darya and Amu-Darya rivers) migrated south and west during the 12
		Some, like Jalal-ed-din Rumi's father went to Anatolia and settled in Qonya in western Turkey.
	www.instantweb.com /j/jjjsz/zaheng.html (429 words)

	Akhal Treaty - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The immobilized Nasereddin Shah sent foreign secretary Mirza Sa'eed Khan Mo'tamen ol-Mulk to meet Ivan Zinoviev and sign a treaty in Tehran.
		By virtue of this treaty, Persia would henceforth cease any claim to all parts of "Turkestan" and Transoxiania, setting Atrak river as the new boundary.
		Hence Merv, Sarakhs, Eshgh Abad, and the surrounding areas were transferred to Russian control under the command of General Alexander Komarov in 1884.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Akhal_Treaty (207 words)

	iranian.com: Shahriar Zahedi, Commonwealth of Iranian Peoples in the Middle East, Central Asia, and the Caucuses
		It seems that at some point in history after the contact with the motherland was severed, everything stood still.
		We know that following the turmoil of the Mongol invasion and the Timurid rule, the Uzbeks gained ascendancy in Transoxiania (the area beyond Amu Darya) and asserted themselves as the dominant force, only to lose out to the Russians who were engaged in the "Great Game" with the British in the 19th Century.
		Subsequently, and with the advent of the Soviet Union early in the 20th Century, the Steppe was carved out into various Soviet republics.
	www.iranian.com /ShahriarZahedi/2005/December/Commonwealth/index.html (1134 words)

	Lecture 5B
		They united these sciences into a new corpus which was to grow over the centuries and become part of the Islamic civilization integrated into the basic structure derived from the revelation itself.
		The (reins destined) become parts of the Medieval Islamic world from Transoxiania to Andonesia, were consolidated into a new spiritual universe within a single century after the death of the prophet.
		The revelation contained in the Koran and expressed in the sacred language Arabic, provided the unifying pattern into which many foreign elements became integrated and absorbed in accordance with the universal spirit of Islam.
	www.ralph-abraham.org /courses/math181/math181.S94/lectures/ev5b.html (5897 words)

	THE IRANIAN: Central Asia, Iranian identity, Shahriar Zahedi
		A scattered Iranian population still existed in the present day Uzbekistan and Tajikistan regions, but they were by far a small minority among a growing Turkic population.
		Our claims to Transoxiania effectively ended with Alexander's conquest of the area at the end of the Achaemenids period.The Pan-Turkist Movement is dreaming of a Greater Turkistan, extending from present day Turkey across Azerbaijan and the Central Asian Steppe to and including the Xinjiang Region in Western China.
		Iran and Iranians have no place in this grand scheme and we best stay out.
	www.iranian.com /ShahriarZahedi/2004/August/Iching/index.html (591 words)

	EA01 Lecture notes 3
		Tang prefectures established in Transoxiania and Northern India.
		Paid attention to greater empire and foreign relations.
		Counter-offensives against Arab advance into Transoxiania and Ili valley.
	www.hist.umn.edu /~nagata/3461lect3.html (3086 words)

	'Abbasid, Buyid, and Seljuq Empires 750-1095 by Sanderson Beck
		His general Sunbad took up the revolt in Ray and was accused of being a libertine.
		In 777 al-Muqanna was called "the veiled prophet of Khurasan" and led the Mazdaki rebellion in Transoxiania for eight years before they were defeated.
		After the Khurrami Javidan ibn Shahrak died about 816, Babak claimed that Javidan's soul had passed into his body.
	www.san.beck.org /AB14-IslamCulture750-1095.html (22692 words)

	Globetrotter Games - Silk road - 6th November - 5th October 2005.
		Christina and Beatrice went to bed directly afterwards, but the rest spent some time by the newly lit fire and looked at the stars.
		Lake of Aidarkul: Between Samarqand and Bukhara many people were travelling along the part of the Silk Road, which was called Shah Rah or the road of the Kings, which connected the most prestigious cities in Transoxiania.
		We will go to a camel breeding farm and from there we will make a day tour on camels.
	globetrotter-games.com /travel/Photo2005Silkroad/SilkroadHuv.htm (23635 words)

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