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Topic: Transport layer

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	OSI model - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Usually, the implementation of a protocol is layered in a similar way to the protocol design, with the possible exception of a 'fast path' where the most common transaction allowed by the system may be implemented as a single component encompassing aspects of several layers.
		The data link layer provides the functional and procedural means to transfer data between network entities and to detect and possibly correct errors that may occur in the Physical layer.
		The network layer provides the functional and procedural means of transferring variable length data sequences from a source to a destination via one or more networks while maintaining the quality of service requested by the Transport layer.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/OSI_model (1224 words)

	Transport layer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In computing and telecommunications, the transport layer is layer four of the seven layer OSI model.
		(The datagram-type transport, User Datagram Protocol (UDP), provides neither error recovery, nor flow control, leaving these to the application.) The purpose of the Transport layer is to provide transparent transfer of data between end users, thus relieving the upper layers from any concern with providing reliable and cost-effective data transfer.
		The Network layer doesn't generally guarantee that packets of data will arrive in the same order that they were sent, but often this is a desirable feature, so the Transport layer provides it.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Transport_layer (707 words)

	Transport Layer Security - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and Transport Layer Security (TLS), its successor, are cryptographic protocols which provide secure communications on the Internet.
		SSL runs on layers beneath application protocols such as HTTP, SMTP and NNTP and above the TCP transport protocol, which forms part of the TCP/IP protocol suite.
		RFC 3546: "Transport Layer Security (TLS) Extensions", adds a mechanism for negotiating protocol extensions during session initialisation and defines some extensions.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Secure_Sockets_Layer (1255 words)

	Transport layer - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In computing and telecommunications, the transport layer is level four of the seven level OSI model.
		The purpose of the Transport layer is to provide transparent transfer of data between end users, thus relieving the upper layers from any concern with providing reliable and cost-effective data transfer.
		The transport layer turns the unreliable and very basic service provided by the Network layer into one worthy of the term 'Communication'.
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /transport_layer.htm (795 words)

	Transport Layer
		The transport layer ensures that messages are delivered in the order in which they are sent and that there is no loss or duplication.
		For a reliable network layer or data-link layer with virtual-circuit capability, such as the LLC layer of NetBEUI, the transport layer is required only to pass the data through to the next layer.
		Unlike the lower layers that have protocols that are concerned with connecting to immediately adjacent nodes or computers, the transport layer and the layers above it are true source-to-destination layers, also known as end-to-end layers.
	www.microsoft.com /resources/documentation/Windows/2000/server/reskit/en-us/cnet/cnfh_osi_bdls.asp?frame=true (341 words)

	Howstuffworks "How OSI Works"
		Application - This is the layer that actually interacts with the operating system or application whenever the user chooses to transfer files, read messages or perform other network-related activities.
		Transport - This layer maintains flow control of data and provides for error checking and recovery of data between the devices.
		Flow control means that the Transport layer looks to see if data is coming from more than one application and integrates each application's data into a single stream for the physical network.
	computer.howstuffworks.com /osi1.htm (267 words)

	O'Reilly Network: Exploring the Transport Layer
		Layer 3 is the transport layer and Layer 4 is the application layer.
		Once data is handed off from the application layer to the transport layer, using TCP as the transport protocol, the application also hands off flow control to the lower layer.
		Data from the application layer is handed down to the transport layer and encapsulated in a UDP datagram.
	www.oreillynet.com /pub/a/network/2001/07/13/net_2nd_lang.html (561 words)

	Chapter 3. Transport Layer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		A transport is represented by an instance of the WASP_Transport class.
		In this case the transport is bound to some scheme using the configuration and when a connection to a URI with that scheme is requested, the transport's newConnection() method is called.
		The interface of the topmost layer of the transport is defined in the section “Connection Interface”.
	www.systinet.com /doc/wasp_cserver-45b/transport.html (3714 words)

	Transport Layer
		What defines boundary of Transport and Network layers is that Transport code runs only on user machines, not on routers.
		Transport is the real boundary of the layered model, the first one that really hides the network from higher layers.
		TPDUs (exchanged by transport layer) are contained in packets (exchanged by network layer) which are contained in frames (exchanged by data link layer).
	www.compapp.dcu.ie /~humphrys/Notes/Networks/transport.html (579 words)

	The Transport Layer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The basic function of the transport layer, is to accept data from the session layer, split it up into smaller units if need be, pass these to the network layer, and ensure that the pieces all arrive correctly at the other end.
		If the transport connection requires a high throughput, however, the transport layer might create multiple network connections, dividing the data among the network connections to improve throughput.
		In all cases, the transport layer is required to make the multiplexing transparent to the session layer.
	www2.rad.com /networks/1994/osi/transp.htm (408 words)

	EETimes.com - Transport-Layer QoS standards improve wireless messaging services
		However, we believe that transport layer is an oft overlooked area with respect to the promise that it offers for improvement of mobility management, QoS, security, and throughput.
		At the application layer, there are currently several approaches at the application layer that provide mobility management for media data over wireless links, most of which are based on either SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) and/or Mobile IP standards.
		Transport layer is a neglected area concerning QoS related research.
	www.eet.com /in_focus/communications/OEG20021127S0034 (1606 words)

	RFC 3094 (rfc3094) - Tekelec's Transport Adapter Layer Interface
		The MTP3 layer of the SS7 MSU is NOT part of the data transferred across TCP/IP for this opcode; the data portion of the TALI 'sccp' message begins with the first byte of the SCCP data area in the SS7 MSU (after the MTP3 routing label).
		The MTP3 layer of the SS7 MSU IS part of the data transferred across TCP/IP for this opcode; the data portion of the TALI 'isot' message begins with the SIO byte of the MTP3 header in the SS7 MSU.
		The MTP3 layer of the SS7 MSU IS part of the data transferred across TCP/IP for this opcode; the data portion of the TALI 'mtp3' message begins with the SIO byte of the MTP3 header in the SS7 MSU.
	www.faqs.org /rfcs/rfc3094.html (11459 words)

	TRANSPORT LAYER - Definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		(Or "host-host layer") The middle layer in the OSI seven layer model.
		The transport layer determines how to use the network layer to provide a virtual error-free, point to point connection so that host A can send messages to host B and they will arrive un-corrupted and in the correct order.
		An example transport layer protocol is Transmission Control Protocol (TCP).
	www.hyperdictionary.com /dictionary/transport+layer (61 words)

	RFC 2246 (rfc2246) - The TLS Protocol Version 1.0
		The protocol is composed of two layers: the TLS Record Protocol and the TLS Handshake Protocol.
		Client message boundaries are not preserved in the record layer (i.e., multiple client messages of the same ContentType may be coalesced into a single TLSPlaintext record, or a single message may be fragmented across several records).
		Note that higher layers should not be overly reliant on TLS always negotiating the strongest possible connection between two peers: there are a number of ways a man in the middle attacker can attempt to make two entities drop down to the least secure method they support.
	www.faqs.org /rfcs/rfc2246.html (16076 words)

	Introduction to Internet
		The data link layer in System B then reads the control information contained in the header prepended by the data link layer in System A. The header is then removed, and the remainder of the information unit is passed to the network layer.
		The transport layer accepts data from the session layer and segments the data for transport across the network.
		The application layer is the OSI layer closest to the end user, which means that both the OSI application layer and the user interact directly with the software application.
	www.cisco.com /univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/ito_doc/introint.htm (6558 words)

	Transport Layer Security - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The SSL and TLS protocols run on layers beneath application protocols such as HTTP, SMTP and NNTP and above the TCP transport protocol, which forms part of the TCP/IP protocol suite.
		Developed by Netscape, SSL version 3.0 was released in 1996, which later served as a basis to develop Transport Layer Security (TLS), an IETF standard protocol.
		This article was originally based on material from the Free On-line Dictionary of Computing, which is used under the GFDL.
	wikipedia.lotsofinformation.com /wiki/index.php/Transport_Layer_Security (669 words)

	[Appendix C] C.6 Transport Layer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Imposing another layer of acknowledgment on any of these types of applications is inefficient.
		Applications that require the transport protocol to provide reliable data delivery use TCP because it verifies that data is delivered across the network accurately and in the proper sequence.
		Correctly passing data to and from the Application Layer is an important part of what the Transport Layer services do.
	dylix.mine.nu:100 /oreilly/tcpip/firewall/appc_06.htm (1318 words)

	ISO-TP: OSI Transport Layer Protocols (TP0, TP1, TP2, TP3, TP4, ISO 8073, X.214, X.224)
		Five transport layer protocols exist in the OSI suite, ranging from Transport Protocol Class 0 through Transport Protocol Class 4 (TP0, TP1, TP2, TP3 and TP4).
		Transport Protocol Class 2 (TP2) performs segmentation and reassembly, as well as multiplexing and demultiplexing of data streams over a single virtual circuit.
		The ISO transport protocols (ISO-TP) are quite complicated in terms of their structure, which has 10 different types and each type has its own header and PDU structure.
	www.javvin.com /protocolISOTP.html (835 words)

	The Transport Layer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The transport layer is the interface between the application layer and the complex hardware of the network.
		Interaction between the transport layer and the layers immediately above and below are shown in figure 2.2.
		Any program running in the application layer has the ability to send a message using TCP or UDP, which are the two protocols defined for the transport layer.
	www.csn.ul.ie /~heathclf/fyp/fyp-final/node16.html (309 words)

	Transport layer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The basic function of the transport layer is to accept the data from the session layer split it up if necessary and transmit these to the network layer and ensure that the peieces all arrive correctly at the other end.
		The transport layer also determines wat type of service to be provided to the session layer, ultimately the users of the network.
		To avoid this, session layer provides check points into the data stream, so that after a crash only the data after a last check point have to be repeated.
	homepages.uel.ac.uk /u0214590/trans.html (311 words)

	The Transport Layer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		This is done by means of transport addresses and transport service data units (TSDUs) Each session entity has a transport address associated with it and connections are between transport addresses.
		The transport layer attempts to provide the quality of service required by its associated session-entity using the service provided by the network layer.
		A number of transport connections may be carried on one network connection and a transport connection may be split between a number of different network connections.
	www.scit.wlv.ac.uk /~jphb/comms/std.osirm4.html (230 words)

	Learn more about Transport layer in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Learn more about Transport layer in the online encyclopedia.
		In computing, the transport layer is level four of the seven level OSI model.
		TCP stands for Transport Control Protocol, while UDP stands for User Datagram Protocol.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /t/tr/transport_layer.html (751 words)

	What is TLS (Transport Layer Security)? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		TLS (Transport Layer Security), defined in RFC 2246, is a protocol for establishing a secure connection between a client and a server.
		TLS (Transport Layer Security) is capable of authenticating both the client and the server and creating a encrypted connection between the two.
		The TLS (Transport Layer Security) protocol is extensible, meaning that new algorithms can be added for any of these purposes, as long as both the server and the client are aware of the new algorithms.
	www.tech-faq.com /tls-transport-layer-security.shtml (278 words)

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