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Topic: Transportation in Belarus

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	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Transportation in Belarus
		Belarus declared independence from the Soviet Union on 27 July 1990, and the BSSR formally became the Republic of Belarus on 25 August 1991.
		Belarus is a republic, governed by a President and a bicameral parliament—the National Assembly—comprising a lower house, the 110 member House of Representatives, and an upper house, the 64 member Council of the Republic.
		Belarus borders Poland on the west, Lithuania on the northwest, Latvia on the north, Russia on the east, and Ukraine on the south.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Transportation-in-Belarus (293 words)

	Wikinfo \| Belarus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Belarus declared independence after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1990, and became a member of the Commonwealth of Independent States in 1991.
		Belarus is a republic governed by a President and a bicameral Parliament or Natsionalnoye Sobranie.
		Belarus borders Poland and Lithuania on the west, Russia on the east, Ukraine on the south and Latvia on the north.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Belarus (907 words)

	THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS: ECONOMIC OVERVIEW
		Belarus' dimensions are 560 kilometers (347 miles) from north to south and 650 kilometers (403 miles) from east to west.
		Belarus' energy-intensive industry continues to experience major shocks in supply, demand, and price because of the country's dependence on Russia and other NIS countries to supply up to 70 percent of its raw materials - for prices at or near market levels - and to absorb 40 percent of its output.
		Belarus' mounting energy debt to Russia in the face of continued dependency on Russia to provide the raw materials to support the Belarus' energy-intensive economy is understood to be one of many key factors driving Belarus' efforts to establish closer ties with Russia.
	members.tripod.com /~victor1997/Victor6.htm (2707 words)

	Nuclear Communities in Transition: Belarus
		Belarus depends upon Russia for 80% of its FER supply, and on Lithuania for 2.5%.
		In 1992 the Government of Belarus approved the "Energy Program of the Republic of Belarus for the period until 2010" in which the main directions of the development of power in Belarus are outlined.
		The main purpose of Energy Policy of the Republic of Belarus is to determine and form the conditions for an efficient utilization of power resources and the reliable power supply of the country, which could raise the living standard and meet environmental safety concerns.
	www.ecologia.org /nuclearcommunities/countryevals/belarus/energy_issues.htm (1759 words)

	ipedia.com: Belarus Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In English, Belarus and Belarusian are the common terms: they refer to the historical connection with the people known as Rus' that predated Russians, Ukrainians or Belarusians.
		At the higher administrative level, Belarus is divided into 6 voblasts and one municipality (horad, i.e., "city"); the latter one is the capial of Belarus.
		Belarus is an independent country in Eastern Europe.
	www.ipedia.com /belarus.html (727 words)

	Belarus (04/06)
		Belarus was the site of the Union of Brest in 1597, which created the Greek Catholic Church, for long the majority church in Belarus until suppressed by the Russian empire, and the birthplace of Thaddeus Kosciuszko, who played a key role in the American Revolution.
		The Council of the Republic is the house of territorial representation.
		Belarus was previously a recipient of assistance under the U.S. Defense Department's Cooperative Threat Reduction (CTR) Program, whose objective is to reduce the threat posed to the United States by weapons of mass destruction remaining on the territory of the former Soviet Union, by promoting denuclearization and demilitarization and preventing weapons proliferation.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/5371.htm (6405 words)

	Belarus TRANSPORTATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The focus of the EBRD study also included the development of the trucking industry.
		Because Belarus is landlocked, there are no ports or merchant fleet.
		In 1995, Belarus claimed to have retained 5% of the merchant fleet of the former Soviet Union.
	www.nationsencyclopedia.com /Europe/Belarus-TRANSPORTATION.html (161 words)

	PRESS RELEASE
		The Belarusian side is not to blame for the lowering of the pressure at the entrance of the oil pipeline “Druzhba” on Belarus’ territory.
		Without duly notifying the Republic of Belarus, on 8 December 2006 Russia’ Government took a unilateral decision which stipulates that starting from 1 January 2007 the oil deliveries to Belarus are carried out with export customs duties.
		The Russian side is well aware of Belarus’ readiness to lead a constructive dialogue to settle the oil supplies issues right up to cancelling the introduced compensatory measures if the reasons the measures were brought about by are removed.
	www.belarusembassy.org /news/digests/pr010807.htm (344 words)

	Belarus
		Once an individual has spent 90 days in Belarus, at one time or through a combination of visits, he or she will not be eligible to receive another visa until the original 365-day period has passed.
		Belarus requires all foreign nationals (other than accredited diplomats) entering the country to purchase medical insurance at the port-of-entry, regardless of any other insurance they might have.
		Travelers who enter and then leave Belarus in a private vehicle at two different points are often required to pay a “green” tax, or ecology tax, which is levied by the regional authorities.
	travel.state.gov /travel/cis_pa_tw/cis/cis_1033.html (3971 words)

	Belarus Project
		Belarus ian President Alexander Lukashenko said on Thursday that Iran was a significant source of support for his country outside of the former Soviet republics.
		Belarus ian officers insist the death was an accident.
		Belarus is ready to develop oil fields in Venezuela on concessionary terms and to sell the oil to the United States.
	www.ilhr.org /ilhr/regional/belarus/updates/BU-2006-PDF/vol11no13fulltext.htm (3713 words)

	belarus information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Historically, in English, Belarus was sometimes referred to as"White Russia" or "White Ruthenia", a literal translation of its name.
		The natural resources of Belarus are forests, peat deposits, small quantities of oil and natural gas, granite,dolomitic limestone, marl, chalk, sand, gravel, and clay.
		These historicalsymbols were adopted as the official national symbols of the Republic of Belarus from the time it got its independence in July1991 and until the Referendum of 1995.
	www.vsearchmedia.com /belarus.html (750 words)

	Belarus
		A new page based on the new template is being worked on at Talk:Belarus/Temp, please make any changes you want to make on that page.
		"Belarus" is also spelled "Belorussia", "Byelorussia", and other ways, but the present government prefers "Belarus".
		Historically Belarus was sometimes referred to in English as "White Russia".
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/by/BY.html (86 words)

	Travel Europe \| Europe Travel Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Belarus still clings to the Soviet past and has a very different atmosphere compared with neighboring countries, such Lithuania.
		Most hotels in Belarus are state owned and customer satisfaction is not the priority on their minds.
		Climate in Belarus is extreme; extremely pleasant in the summer and extremely cold in the winter.
	www.travelswise.com /belarus.htm (675 words)

	Belarus Project
		Belarus ian diplomats, Dmitry Zavadsky’s relatives and colleagues came to congratulate the laureates.
		Belarus ian President Alyaksandr Lukashenka has said that Minsk is ahead of London, Madrid, and Paris, and a little behind Berlin in terms of residents' satisfaction with living conditions.
		In January 1990 Belarus ian was adopted as the state language of the republic, but progress was curtailed abruptly by the Lukashenka regime, which advanced Russian to the status of second state language through a referendum of May 1995, with 83.1% support among voters.
	www.ilhr.org /ilhr/regional/belarus/updates/BU-2006-PDF/vol11no14fulltext.htm (5740 words)

	The Virtual Guide to Belarus
		This time the threat to existence of Belarus is real - said Dr. Milinkevich in his interview to Radio Liberty/Radio Free Europe.
		Belarus, pressured by Russia into the union, needs support of international community in these dire times.
		Since lots of folks are requesting info on their family roots in Belarus, we include here information about the kind of documents, on-line communities and organizations that could be useful to get information for your genealogical search.
	www.belarusguide.com /main (730 words)

	Sluckaja Brama - Law
		Constituional Court of the Republic of Belarus (ru) - maintained by the Administration of the "President" of Belarus, full text of the Judgements of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Belarus since 1996.
		Legislation of the Repiblic of Belarus in the Field of Economic (sic) (en) - maintained by the Administration of the "President" of Belarus, a strictly official overview of Belarusian legislation on economy, investments and foreign trade.
		Legislation of the Republic of Belarus on Mass Media (ru) - maintained by IREX ProMedia, a very complete collection of constitutional acts, laws and administrative regulations of the Republic of Belarus pertaining to the freedom of speech and mass media till March 1998.
	www.geocities.com /sluckaja_brama/law.html (2447 words)

	IISEPS — Independent Institute of Socio-Economic and Politycal Studies
		Also, it is widely believed among Belarusians that this partnership puts obligations on Russia, this is why in a situation of a serious dispute or a conflict with its powerful neighbor, and ally the Belarusians feel right and abused by Russia which doesn’t meet its obligations.
		All these phenomena were found in opinion polls conducted in winter-spring of 2004 during the gas conflict which was so hot that they even fully stopped gas transportation to Belarus for several hours on February 18.
		Belarus is Russia’s closest ally, and Russia shouldn’t demand that Belarus pays for gas at the same prices like other countries
	www.iiseps.org /e4-06-5.html (1021 words)

	Belarus
		Belarus teritories remained part of the Russian Empire until being occupied by Germany during World War I. Belarus first declared independence on 25 March 1918, forming the Belarusian People's Republic.
		In 1986, a section of Belarus was affected by the fallout from the Chernobyl power plant accident in neighboring Ukraine.
		Belarus declared itself sovereign on 27 July 1990, and the BSSR formally became the Republic of Belarus on 25 August 1991, attaining full independence.
	www.my-world-guide.com /country/38 (2460 words)

	CIA - The World Factbook -- Belarus
		Belarus and Russia signed a treaty on a two-state union on 8 December 1999 envisioning greater political and economic integration.
		Although Belarus agreed to a framework to carry out the accord, serious implementation has yet to take place.
		Belarus has seen little structural reform since 1995, when President LUKASHENKO launched the country on the path of "market socialism." In keeping with this policy, LUKASHENKO reimposed administrative controls over prices and currency exchange rates and expanded the state's right to intervene in the management of private enterprises.
	www.umsl.edu /services/govdocs/wofact2005/geos/bo.html (1102 words)

	Belarus Travel Information \| Lonely Planet Destination Guide
		Belarus is a vast steppe straddling the shortest route between Moscow and the Polish border.
		Disclaimer: We've tried to make the information on this web site as accurate as possible, but it is provided 'as is' and we accept no responsibility for any loss, injury or inconvenience sustained by anyone resulting from this information.
		You should verify critical information (like visas, health and safety, customs and transportation) with the relevant authorities before you travel.
	www.lonelyplanet.com /worldguide/destinations/europe/belarus (127 words)

	Council of Ministers - Programme to build Belarus forest transportation network okayed
		Presidium of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus
		The government instructed the finance ministry, transport and communications ministry, natural resources and environmental protection ministry to include appropriations for the purpose in national budget bills.
		According to the programme on building Belarus forest transportation network in the period till 2010, most works will be done in Vitebsk and Gomel regions, where major forest resources are concentrated.
	www.government.by /en/eng_solution1101.html (493 words)

	Russia Considers Alternatives to Oil Pipeline Through Belarus - New York Times
		Such a change, which would be years in the making, would cut Belarus out of any role in the transshipment of oil to Europe without offering the customers any immediate assurance that their supplies were reliable.
		Putin also urged the government to discuss with Russian companies “the possibility of scaling down the extraction of oil, given problems in transiting crude across Belarus.” That indicated that Russia might not have sufficient storage for oil that was being produced but not exported.
		Officials from Belarus flew to Moscow to negotiate, and one delegation submitted a draft agreement to the Russian Trade Ministry, the Russian news agency Interfax reported.
	www.nytimes.com /2007/01/10/world/europe/10belarus.html?ex=1326085200&en=ddf8a0c6bf24b5a2&ei=5089&partner=rssyahoo&emc=rss (924 words)

	Transport in Belarus - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Transport in Belarus - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		This encyclopedia, history, geography and biography article about Transport in Belarus contains research on
		Transport in Belarus, Railways, Rail links with adjacent countries, Highways, Waterways, Pipelines, Ports and harbors, Airports, Airports - with paved runways, Airports - with unpaved runways, National air-carrier, References, World Factbook and Transport in Belarus.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Transportation_in_Belarus (145 words)

	MyBelarus \|\| Getting There
		You have to make a choice between different transportation options, then you need to have your documents ready for travel, you should keep in mind some customs/border formalities and there are some insurance and registration issues.
		Buses are often the least expensive option of traveling to Belarus.
		During the holiday season there are better possibilities of using cheaper bus transportation as many Belarusian tour operators send tourists to foreign countries and they may agree to pick you up on their way back to Belarus.
	mybelarus.skvortsov.com /getting.shtml (205 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Talk:Belarus Temp (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		This temporary page is being used to expand and convert the article Belarus over to the new format agreed to at WikiProject Countries.
		Please feel free to add or edit anything on this page to help in the conversion process.
		Belarus is divided into 6 voblastsi (singular - voblasts') and one municipality* (harady, singular - horad):
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/ta/Talk:Belarus___Temp (152 words)

	Putin Considers Diverting Oil Around Belarus - New York Times
		Such a change, which would be years in the making, would cut Belarus out of any role in the transshipment of oil to Europe without offering Western European customers any immediate assurance that their supplies were reliable.
		Putin also urged the government to discuss with Russian companies “the possibility of scaling down the extraction of oil, given problems in transiting crude across Belarus.” This indicated that Russia may not have adequate storage for oil that is being produced but not exported.
		Officials from Belarus flew to Moscow to negotiate, and one delegation submitted a draft agreement to the Russian Economic Development Ministry, the Interfax news agency reported.
	www.nytimes.com /2007/01/09/world/europe/09cnd-belarus.html?ex=1325998800&en=108cede840b7fa30&ei=5089&partner=rssyahoo&emc=rss (845 words)

	Transport
		Train is the main means of transport for long distances (Moscow, Leningrad, Kiev).
		report on transportation options in Belarus from "Minsk in your pocket".
		This file is a part of the Virtual Guide to Belarus - a collaborative project of Belarusian scientists and professionals abroad.
	www.belarusguide.com /travel1/Cab.html (363 words)

	1Up Travel > Belarus > Travel & Tourism \| Tourist Guide to Belarus
		Belarus and Russia signed a treaty on a two-state union on 8 December 1999 envisioning greater political and economic integration but, to date, neither side has actively sought to implement the accord.
		Government and Politics in Belarus - Profiles the country name, government type, administrative divisions, independence, national holiday, constitution, legal system, suffrage, executive, legislative, and judicial branches, political parties and leaders, and a flag description of Belarus.
		Transportation in Belarus - Offers statistical details on the railways, highways, waterways, ports & harbors, airports, and other facts on transportation in Belarus
	www.1uptravel.com /international/europe/belarus (406 words)

	Belarus Quiz
		Belarus was divided into three parts: the western portion, which was absorbed into Poland central Belarus,
		Because farmers slaughtered their livestock rather than turn it over to collective farms, agriculture suffered serious setbacks.
		Belarus' most acute environmental problems are the following: nuclear radiation negatively affects up to one-fifth of the country
	www.geocities.com /debstaires/cwc/tests/QBelarus.html (2211 words)

	Oil transit raises fresh Belarus/Russia dispute - Energy Business Review
		Just days after neighbors Belarus and Russia avoided a breakdown in relations regarding gas supply prices, arguments have reignited over the issue of Russian oil transportation through Belarus territory.
		According to reports, Belarus officials have attempted to impose a $45 per tonne custom duty on the Russian crude oil piped through their territory.
		The move from Belarus comes just days after it avoided the suspension of Russian gas supplies by agreeing to double the price it paid for the imports to $100 per 1,000 cubic meters of gas.
	www.energy-business-review.com /article_news.asp?guid=45CF194B-9A9C-4EE5-BB0E-47582EC80AA4 (240 words)

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