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Topic: Transposase

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Transposon

	Tania A. Baker
		This domain is highly conserved among many transposases and the retroviral integrases.
		These experiments led to two important conclusions: (1) the same catalytic domain donates the active site for both DNA cleavage and the subsequent DNA joining on one end of the genome, and (2) the subunit donating this catalytic domain to one end of the genome is bound to the other DNA end.
		We are focusing on defining interactions between Mu transposase and its regulatory proteins, and probing how these interactions provide precision and flexibility to the recombination mechanism.
	www.hhmi.org /research/investigators/baker.html (1255 words)

	Tn5 Transposase
		Transposition is the movement of specific genetic elements from one locus to another (3), and requires three macromolecule elements: the transposon, the transposase, and the target DNA (4).
		Mutations and modifications of the target affect binding of the transposase and IS50 DNA strand bending (5, 10).
		Some modifications of the amino acid sequence affect the binding of transposase, the catalytic activity, or the stability of the transposase in a cell (1, 4, 8).
	www.arches.uga.edu /~jbuchner/bcmb8010 (573 words)

	Welcome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The transposase nicks a strand on the target molecule and at either end of the transposon on the donor molecule and then joins the two ends of the target DNA to the opposite ends of the transposon using inverted bp repeats (as per figs.
		Transposase from any source within a cell finding a terminal inverted repeat on a potential target molecule will inhibit a further transposition event from occurring.
		The resolvase and the transposase can, if necessary, be provided by an intact Tn3 elsewhere in the genome, but with out the correct terminal repeat sequences and internal resolution site they will be unable to carry out their function.
	www.freya.u-net.com /transposon/transpson.html (4312 words)

	P Elements in Drosophila
		The P element transposase is an 87 kiloDalton protein encoded by autonomous P elements (Fig.
		Various lines of evidence indicated that the 66 kD truncated transposase protein that is made when the 2-3 intron is unspliced functions as a repressor of P mobility (Gloor et al.
		In some cases, transposase can catalyze an event in which one P element in the genome is substituted for another P element elsewhere in the genome by an unknown mechanism (Staveley et al.
	engels.genetics.wisc.edu /Pelements/Pt.html (6407 words)

	Research Highlights
		The Sleeping Beauty transposase (SB) interacts with the Miz-1 protein, a factor involved in transcriptional regulation of the cyclin D1 gene.
		The researchers identified the Miz-1 transcription factor as an interactor of the SB transposase in a yeast two-hybrid screen.
		Through its association with Miz-1, the SB transposase downregulates cyclin D1 expression in human cells, as evidenced by differential gene expression analysis using microarray hybridization.
	www.mdc-berlin.de /highlights/2006/highlights_6.htm (451 words)

	DNA-binding sites of Tc1, mariner, and pogo transposases
		This protein is a transposase apparently responsible and sufficient for transposition in the absence of host factors.
		A few TC1 transposases were also found to have a helix-turn-helix (HTH) DNA binding motif at their N-terinal half (23, 24, 25).
		The number of mutations in the predicted HTH region in the D.mauritiana mariner transposase that reduced and disabled its activity (20) was more than what would be expected by chance alone.
	bioinformatics.weizmann.ac.il /~pietro/DNA-mediated_transposases (2296 words)

	Mutational Analysis of the N-Terminal DNA-Binding Domain of Sleeping Beauty Transposase: Critical Residues for DNA ...
		of the transposase for the transposon IRs (45).
		Characterization of the Caenorhabditis elegans Tc1 transposase in vivo and in vitro.
		Evidence that the cis preference of the Tn5 transposase is caused by nonproductive multimerization.
	mcb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/24/20/9239 (5737 words)

	Title of Invention: Eukaryotic transposable element
		The role of the transposase protein is to catalyze the transposition of the modified transposable element containing the DNA sequence of interest into the genomic DNA of the eukaryotic cell.
		Such predictions are easily tested by modifying the DNA sequence of an expression construct encoding the transposase by site-directed mutagenesis to either bring the sequence into a greater degree of conformance with the consensus sequence, or a lesser degree of conformance with the consensus sequence.
		The affect of such changes on the activity of the transposase protein are monitored by assessing the affect of the mutation on transposition frequency catalyzed by the recombinant transposase.
	www.nal.usda.gov /bic/Biotech_Patents/1994patents/05348874.html (5893 words)

	Heat Shock Treatment Increases the Frequency of Loss of an Erythromycin Resistance-Encoding Transposable Element from ...
		C-terminal transposase molecule (encoded by the antisense strand)
		Lanes 2, 4, and 6, cDNAs amplified from heat-shocked cultures with transposase primers; lanes 3, 5, and 7, cDNA amplification of non-heat-shocked cultures.
		ORF of 506 bp for a transposase that was approximately one-half
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/69/12/7173 (4956 words)

	The three-dimensional structure of a Tn5 transposase-related protein determined to 2.9-A resolution.
		Transposon Tn5 employs a unique means of self-regulation by expressing a truncated version of the transposase enzyme that acts as an inhibitor.
		A portion of the protein fold of the catalytic core domain is similar to the folds of human immunodeficiency virus-1 integrase, avian sarcoma virus integrase, and bacteriophage Mu transposase.
		An arginine residue that is strictly conserved among the IS4 family of bacterial transposases is present at the center of the active site, suggesting a catalytic motif of "DDRE." A novel C-terminal domain forms a dimer interface across a crystallographic 2-fold axis.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1999/jul/A9970430.html (465 words)

	Identification and Analysis of a Hyperactive Mutant Form of Drosophila P-Element Transposase -- Beall et al. 162 (1): ...
		Reactions using increasing amounts of wild-type 1:16 diluted transposase with (lanes 3, 5, and 7) or without (lanes 4, 6, and 8) GTP and the increasing amounts of undiluted S129A mutant transposase with (lanes 9, 11, and 13) or without (lanes 10, 12, and 14) GTP are shown.
		Control reactions using wild-type transposase in the presence of GTP (lane 2) or in the absence of transposase (lane 1).
		Various concentrations of either wild-type transposase in the presence (lanes 3, 5, and 7) or absence (lanes 4, 6, and 8) of GTP or the S129A mutant transposase in the presence (lanes 9, 11, and 13) or absence (lanes 10, 12, and 14) of GTP are shown.
	www.genetics.org /cgi/content/full/162/1/217 (5769 words)

	Interactive Fly, Drosophila
		Using the transposase sequences as an outgroup the early evolution of the Pax proteins was examined.
		A general similarity between transposase DNA binding domains and the paired domain has been reported and their structural relationship has been observed during the analysis of the transposase structure.
		The observation that the DNA binding domain of transposases is in fact closely related to the paired box indicates that it should be possible to use them as an outgroup in the phylogenetic analysis of Pax proteins to determine the most likely evolutionary sequence.
	www.sdbonline.org /fly/neural/sparkln2.htm (6783 words)

	Mutator Transposase Is Widespread in the Grasses -- Lisch et al. 125 (3): 1293 -- PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
		Mutator Transposase Is Widespread in the Grasses -- Lisch et al.
		An alignment of the conserved transposase domain of elements from rice, maize, and Arabidopsis.
		Dorweiler JE, Carey CC, Kubo KM, Hollick JB, Kermicle JL, Chandler VL (2000) Mediator of paramutation 1 is required for the establishment and maintenance of paramutation at multiple maize loci.
	www.plantphysiol.org /cgi/content/full/125/3/1293 (5257 words)

	Factors that determine transposition frequency
		Quite unexpectedly, excision and transposition frequencies were about twice as high when the transposase was transmitted through the pollen parent and the transposon through the egg parent than in the reciprocal crosses (Table 1).
		F2 progeny is usually larger when the transposase gene is transmitted through the female than through the male (overall averages were 17% vs. 7%, respectively, among reciprocal crosses, see Table 3).
		Despite the tendency toward earlier transposition in those lines that receive the transposase through the female parent, the probability that transposition will occur at some time during development is about twice as high if the transposase gene is transmitted through the male and the transposon through the female (Table 1 and Table 3).
	www.lsc.psu.edu /ptl/factors.html (915 words)

	The Arabidopsis TAG1 Transposase Has an N-Terminal Zinc Finger DNA Binding Domain That Recognizes Distinct Subterminal ...
		Benito, M.-I., and Walbot, V. Characterization of the maize Mutator transposable element MURA transposase as a DNA-binding protein.
		Vos, J.C., and Plasterk, R.H. Tc1 transposase of Caenorhabditis elegans is an endonuclease with a bipartite DNA binding domain.
		EMBO J. Vos, J.C., van Luenen, H.G.A.M., and Plasterk, R.H.A. Characterization of the Caenorhabditis elegans Tc1 transposase in vivo and in vitro.
	www.plantcell.org /cgi/content/full/13/10/2319 (6576 words)

	Griswold
		Finally, we have created a stable source of piggyBac transposase in the genome that is capable of mobilizing piggyBac elements in somatic and germline cells.
		Using the known sequence of the piggyBac transposable element as a reference, we amplified the intact, full-length transposon from genomic DNA of the lepidopteran Trichoplusia ni.
		We tested the ability of the 36C transposase transgene to mediate the transposition of piggyBac inserts in the germline by examining the mobilization frequency of two independent inserts.
	www.ou.edu /journals/dis/DIS85/MutTech/Griswold.htm (1205 words)

	Biocurious: Molecule of the Month: Transposase
		In the simplest cases, transposition needs only two things: a transposon (the DNA that moves), and a transposase (the enzyme that cuts out the DNA and moves it to a different place).
		The Tn5 transposon is a piece of DNA that includes several genes for antibiotic resistance, along with the gene needed to build the transposase itself.
		Then, the two ends are brought together, closing the transposon into a big loop, and the transposase cuts the DNA at both ends.
	biocurious.com /molecule-of-the-month-transposase (469 words)

	RAG Transposase Can Capture and Commit to Target DNA before or after Donor Cleavage -- Neiditch et al. 21 (13): 4302 -- ...
		The RAG transposase commits to target in the presence of both Ca and Mg (A) Schematic of assay employed to test the contributions of Ca and Mg
		The interaction between the transposase and target DNA is a critical step in RAG-mediated transposition.
		The regions of the RAG transposase responsible for binding to target DNA remain unknown.
	mcb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/21/13/4302 (5018 words)

	BTP - Current Students - Douglas Davies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		I have solved the structure of a 421 amino acid protein, the transposase inhibitor of transposon Tn5.
		This protein is a biologically expressed truncated version of Tn5 transposase which acts as a transdominant negative regulator of transpositon.
		We have a crystal form of full-length transposase bound to a double-stranded DNA 20mer that corresponds to the recognition sequences of the Tn5 transposon.
	www.bact.wisc.edu /Biotech/gradstudents/DougDavies/Profile.htm (321 words)

	Identification, Characterization, and Variable Expression of a Naturally Occurring Inhibitor Protein of IS1106 ...
		In this study, we have investigated the regulation of transposase activity of the element IS1106 in clinical isolates of N.
		) is aligned with the amino acid sequence of the 5A transposase protein of E.
		The bars on the left indicate the positions of the molecular size markers that were run in parallel.
	iai.asm.org /cgi/content/full/69/12/7425 (6345 words)

	Transposase - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Transposase is an enzyme that binds to single-stranded DNA and can incorporate it into genomic DNA.
		Class II transposons encode a transposase which allows them to enable transposons to be cut from genomic DNA and be inserted at another location.
		This page was last modified 03:13, 7 August 2006.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Transposase (85 words)

	Somatic and Germinal Excision Activities of the Arabidopsis Transposon Tag1 Are Controlled by Distinct Regulatory ...
		Proper splicing of the third intron of the transposase RNA is
		Raizada, M.N., and Walbot, V. The late developmental pattern of Mu transposon excision is conferred by a cauliflower mosaic virus 35S-driven MURA cDNA in transgenic maize.
		Swinburne, J., Balcells, L., Scofield, S.R., Jones, J.D.G., and Coupland, G. Elevated levels of Activator transposase mRNA are associated with high frequencies of Dissociation excision in Arabidopsis.
	www.plantcell.org /cgi/content/full/13/8/1851 (5985 words)

	Structure of the bacteriophage Mu transposase core: a common structural motif for DNA transposition and retroviral ...
		Structure of the bacteriophage Mu transposase core: a common structural motif for DNA transposition and retroviral integration.
		The enzymatic activity of MuA is known to be activated by formation of a DNA-bound tetramer of the protein.
		We propose that the connections between the two subdomains may be involved in the crosstalk between the active site and the other domains of the transposase that controls the activity of the protein.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1996/jul/M9670105.html (425 words)

	Transposable Elements
		Transposase must be able to: 1) recognize the inverted repeats and 2) recognize the target sequence (or a partial match of the target sequence)
		Ds elements - defective Ac, missing or inactive transposase gene, must maintain the inverted repeats to be mobile
		Ds is mobile only if transposase activity is supplied by Ac; also moves by conservative transposition.
	www.science.siu.edu /microbiology/micr302/transpose.html (596 words)

	Transposase - Information from Reference.com
		Transposase is an enzyme that binds to single-stranded DNA and can incorporate
		encode an enzyme, transposase, that is required for excising and inserting...
		The Tn5 transposase targets the outside ends of the IS50 element for binding (5, 9).
	www.reference.com /search?q=Transposase&db=web (203 words)

	A putative transposase gene in the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer region of Mycoplasma imitans -- Harasawa et al. 150 ...
		A putative transposase gene in the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer region of Mycoplasma imitans -- Harasawa et al.
		transposase, is the first to be described in this region of
		Zheng, J. and McIntosh, M. Characterization of IS1221 from Mycoplasma hyorhinis: expression of its putative transposase in Escherichia coli incorporates a ribosomal frame shift mechanism.
	mic.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/150/4/1023 (2492 words)

	[No title]
		Ac is just over 4.5kb long, and encodes for a 3.5kb mRNA that is translated into a transposase protein (which is partly deleted in Ds).
		The transposase is responsible for excising the transposable element anywhere in the genome through its recognition of specific sequences.
		The transposase also recognises sequences within the genome, making 8bp staggered cuts within the chromosome for the transposable element to insert (DNA hairpin intermediates form in host DNA during transposition).
	www.ebi.ac.uk /interpro/potm/2006_12/Page1.htm (552 words)

	The C-terminal {alpha} helix of Tn5 transposase is required for synaptic complex formation -- Steiniger-White and ...
		An important step in Tn5 transposition requires transposase-transposase homodimerization to form a synaptic complex competent for cleavage of transposon DNA free from flanking sequence.
		We demonstrate that the C-terminal helix of Tn5 transposase (residues 458-468 of 476 total amino acids) is required for synaptic complex formation during Tn5 transposition.
		Due to this impaired synaptic complex formation, transposases lacking eight amino acids are also defective in the cleavage step of transposition.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/abstract/M003411200v1 (405 words)

	Mutator-Like Element in the Yeast Yarrowia lipolytica Displays Multiple Alternative Splicings -- Neuvéglise et ...
		encodes a transposase, as its expression is sufficient for somatic
		The sequences are from the transposase of bacterial element IS6120 (Mycobacterium smegmatis [GenBank accession no. M69182]), the MudrA transposase from Zea mays MuDR (accession no. M76978), putative transposases from the plants, Z.
		Shown is an unrooted phylogenetic tree of various MULE transposases and transposase of IS6120 derived from parsimony analysis using the amino acid alignment of domain 1, as shown in Fig.
	ec.asm.org /cgi/content/full/4/3/615 (5588 words)

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