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| | Napier, (William Francis Patrick), Sir, 1785-1860, History of the War in the Peninsula (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) |
 | | Her long and bloody continental struggle was not for pre-eminence amongst ambitious powers, not a dispute for some accession of territory or momentary political ascendancy, but a deadly conflict to determine whether aristocracy or democracy should predominate, equality or privilege be the principle of European civilization. |
 | | The treaty of Tilsit gave Napoleon a commanding position over the potentates of Europe, but it unmasked the war of principles, bringing England and himself, the champions of equality and privileges, into direct contact. |
 | | A secret treaty and a dependent convention was therefore concluded at Fontainbleau, marshal Duroc on the part of France, Ugenio Ysquierdo on the part of Spain. |
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