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Topic: Treaty of Chaguaramas

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	History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		By 1943, the Chaguaramas Naval Base was in full operation and at its peak during World War II, there were some 30,000 resident US troops located in Chaguaramas.
		The Treaty which created the Caribbean Community was signed at Chaguaramas, and is known as the Chaguaramas Treaty.
		Protocol on the Revision of the Treaty of Chaguaramas -
	www.chagdev.com /chaguaramas/history.htm (150 words)

	Jamaica Gleaner - The CCJ and the Single Market Economy - Sunday \| May 18, 2003
		Under the Revised Treaty and the Agreement Establishing the Caribbean Court of Justice ("the CCJ Agreement"), the CCJ is empowered to resolve disputes that will arise under the Revised Treaty as well as provide advisory opinions on the interpretation and application of the Treaty, thereby developing a body of CARICOM law.
		The Treaty also sets forth a transport policy, the objective of which shall be the provision of adequate, safe and internationally competitive transportation for the development and consolidation of CARICOM Single Market and Economy ('the CSME').
		Thus, although the Revised Treaty establishes a dispute settlement regime, that includes a number of different methods for the settlement of disputes, such as arbitration and mediation, member states recognise as compulsory and exclusive, the jurisdiction of the CCJ to hear and determine disputes concerning the interpretation and application of the Revised Treaty.
	www.jamaica-gleaner.com /gleaner/20030518/focus/focus2.html (972 words)

	SICE-Revised Treaty of Chaguaramas-Chapter 7 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		As soon as practicable after the entry into force of this Treaty, the Conference shall, on the recommendation of the Community Council and in accordance with Article 1, designate disadvantaged countries, regions and sectors and may, from time to time, make such further designations or terminate such designations as circumstances warrant.
		The objective of the regimes mentioned in Article 142 is to assist the disadvantaged countries, regions and sectors towards becoming economically viable and competitive by appropriate interventions of a transitional or temporary nature.
		COTED shall to the extent necessary and for a a period to be determined, apply the provisions of the Special Regime for the less developed countries to Highly-lndebted Poor Countries.
	www.sice.oas.org /Trade/caricom/caric5a.asp (2171 words)

	Caribbean Court of Justice - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Caribbean Court of Justice (CCJ) is a regional Caribbean based institution in Port-of-Spain, Trinidad and Tobago.
		The Caribbean Court of Justice was created in 2003 out of necessity, as part of the 2001 Revised Treaty of Chaguaramas(Treaty, Location) of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM).
		The treaty is a instrument for the establishment of the Caribbean (CARICOM) Single Market and Economy (CSME) and was signed by the various CARICOM heads of government.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Caribbean_Court_of_Justice (204 words)

	Speaking with one voice
		Jamaica was also aware that it was acting contrary to the provisions of the treaty establishing Caricom (the Treaty of Chaguaramas) and that these provisions had been strongly reaffirmed by Caricom's supreme institution, the Conference of Heads of Government.
		It is reported that in a similar development in the European Union, the European Court of Justice held that the separate conclusion of an Open Skies Agreement by one of its members was contrary to the provisions of European Union law.
		Lome and its successor treaties safeguarded in large measure the absolutely necessary preferential market in the UK (Europe) for sugar and bananas and made available a large volume of economic assistance.
	www.landofsixpeoples.com /news022/ns21204.htm (1255 words)

	Untitled Document
		The Treaty, as revised, is to be interpreted and applied by the CCJ in the exercise of its original jurisdiction.
		The Treaty of Rome created institutions like the Council of Ministers and the European Commission which could make laws directly for European nationals - that is, without the intervention of their national assemblies.
		Indeed, the old Treaty of Chaguaramas provided for arbitration in the event of disputes concerning the interpretation and application of the Treaty.
	www.caribbeancourtofjustice.org /abtccjiii.htm (1651 words)

	Caribbean Net News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The CSME was created by amending the 1973 Treaty of Chaguaramas, which established the Caribbean Community and Common Market.
		The original Treaty was amended by nine protocols which were negotiated among the CARICOM member states over several years.
		Minister Knight pointed out that the Revised Treaty addressed a range of institutional arrangements, including the definition of the organs of the community as well as the role and function of the CARICOM Secretariat.
	caribbeannetnews.com /cgi-bin/GPrint2002.pl?file=2004/02/27/csme.htm (394 words)

	CHAGUARAMAS
		It was also the site of the signing of the 1972 Treaty of Chaguaramas, which created Caricom.
		These days, Chaguaramas, with its several coves and bays, is home to large yachting and boating communities and a steadily growing marine services industry.
		Apart from environmental concerns there are really no restrictions to investing in Chaguaramas and its accompanying islands, though the CDA stipulates that lands more than 300 metres above sea level are to remain virgin in order to preserve the peninsula.
	www.nalis.gov.tt /Places/places_Chaguaramas.html (650 words)

	Treaty establishing the Caribbean Community, 4 July 1973 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Subject to the relevant provisions of this Treaty, the Conference shall be the final authority for the conclusion of treaties on behalf of the Community and for entering into relationships between the Community and International Organisations and States.
		Subject to the relevant provisions of Article 8 of this Treaty, the institutions of the Community shall formulate such policies and perform such functions as are necessary for the achievement of the objectives of the Community within their respective spheres of competence.
		This Treaty shall be open for signature on the 4th July, 1973 by any State mentioned in paragraph l (a) of Article 2 of this Treaty.
	www.caricom.org /archives/treaty-caricom.htm (10191 words)

	Another hit- from Guyana: Land of Six Peoples
		This is one of the most important Protocols in the revision of the treaty.
		When one considers that the treaty is being revised to provide for the operation of the Single Market and Economy it will be immediately apparent how important it was to secure agreement on Protocol IV.
		It was in 1996 that the Heads bound themselves to the creation of a mechanism to ensure that no one member state, in pursuit of its own interest, should run off and negotiate a bilateral agreement with a third state in terms that were prejudicial to the interest of other CARICOM member states.
	www.landofsixpeoples.com /news/nbn90711.htm (485 words)

	ZipLaw (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		According to Senator Golding, there is no reference in the revised Treaty of Chaguaramas to harmonise the labour market in the region.
		"One of the serious deficiencies in the arrangements for the CSME and one of the most glaring omissions from the revised Treaty of Chaguaramas is the absence of any reference to labour market harmonisation," said Mr.
		He explained that issues such as the movement of capital and certain categories of labour, harmonisation of agricultural policies, the harmonisation of policies for sustainable tourism development, natural resources management and consumer protection all have to be brought in alignment for the CSME.
	www.ziplaw.com /news/archives/000149.html (271 words)

	ADDRESS BY THE HON
		When we obtain the reservations as part of the treaty; as a sovereign nation we cannot be pressured in the future into admitting to the free movement of people.
		I repeat, in order for the revised Treaty of Chaguaramas to come into force, the instruments for ratification have to be lodged by all countries that presently form a party of the old Caricom under the terms of the 1983 treaty.
		When, in 1983, the original Treaty of Chaguaramas was signed, the late Sir Lynden Pindling reminded us that there is more in the region that binds us than separates us and that is the basis for us to work together.
	bradleyroberts.org /news/may05/12/address_by_the_hon.htm (2487 words)

	Caricom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The Caribbean Community was established by the Treaty of Chaguaramas in 1973, as a movement towards unity in the Caribbean.
		The Haitian Parliament is expected to ratify the Treaty and present its instruments of accession in order to become the fifteenth Member.
		Inherent in this process is the revision of the Treaty of Chaguaramas and the establishment of regional structures including the Caribbean Court of Justice, and the regional Stock Exchange.
	www.embsurnd.com /embsurnd/html/Caricom.htm (179 words)

	Welcome to Jamaica Conference Board (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		To achieve this, it was agreed that the Treaty of Chaguaramas would be amended by incorporating separate Agreements, called Protocols, into the original Treaty.
		The Treaty of Chaguaramas was revised by nine Protocols, which have now been integrated into the Revised Treaty Establishing the Caribbean Community including the CARICOM Single Market and Economy.
		All Member States, except the Bahamas and Montserrat, have signed the Protocol agreeing to Provisional Application of the Revised Treaty and the Protocol for the Revision of the Treaty of Chaguaramas.
	www.jaconferenceboard.com /anti_dumping.html (1697 words)

	Advocate
		He indicated that after 38 years of Independence, there is no valid reason for the independent territories in the Caribbean to be seeking decisions in legal matters from a court located 4 000 miles away, staffed by judges who are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of the British Prime Minister.
		Noting that the development of the CCJ is an institution of historic necessity, Sir David said that talks about estab- lishing the CCJ began in 1947 with a meeting of colonial Governors, who called for its establishment.
		He revealed that the dispute resolution mechanism under the Treaty of Chaguaramas saw the need for a Court to settle disputes that will necessary arise under the Single Market and Economy.
	www.barbadosadvocate.com /NewViewNewsleft.cfm?Record=19381 (411 words)

	The Nassau Guardian - www.thenassauguardian.com.com
		The revised Treaty of Chaguaramas, which The Bahamas would have to sign in order to join the CSME, contains provisions binding to all member countries unless "reservations" are filed amd okayed.
		The revised Treaty does not expressly define what a reservation means, he said, and that nothing in the Treaty clearly indicates the terms of those reservations, how they work in relation to the other provisions, and whether or not those other provisions could compromise them.
		Article 237 of the Treaty entitled "Reservations", which notes that "Reservations may be entered into this Treaty with the consent of the signatory States."
	www.thenassauguardian.com /bixex/285489869480519.php (632 words)

	Mitchell on CSME at Abaco Chamber of Commerce
		In 2001, the Treaty of Chaguaramas was revised; thus, today, we have what is called the Revised Treaty of Chaguaramas.
		What is happening now is that The Bahamas proposes to sign the Revised Treaty but still reserves itself on most of the economic issues, thus leaving us in the same position that we were in under the 1983 Treaty.
		However, the Treaty provides for the Right of Establishment principally in areas that earn foreign exchange such as hotels, export manufacturing and even ethnic and specialty restaurants, all of which are already open to foreign investors under the current National Investment Policy.
	www.bahamasuncensored.com /fm_csme_abaco-chamber.html (1285 words)

	Find Free Essays on From Common To Single Market And Economy
		In fact, to the contrary, the Treaty implicitly rests on the maintenance of frontiers, within which it is the aim to liberalize conditions of access to markets.
		The Revised Treaty of Chaguaramas goes further to establish a 'single economy.' This requires unified economic and monetary policies, including related legislation, executive instruments and institutions.
		The Revised Treaty actually provides, in principle, for most aspects of a single economy, incorporating the original protocols on establishment, services and capital; industrial policy; trade policy; agricultural policy; transport policy; disadvantaged countries, regions and sectors; competition policy and consumer protection; dumping and subsidies; dispute settlement.
	www.findfreeessays.com /show_essay/54245.html (930 words)

	Lost Project (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		CARICOM was established by the treaty of Chaguaramas, signed by Barbados, Jamaica, Guyana and Trinidad and Tobago, and which came into effect on 1 August 1973.
		Preparations for the establishment of the CSME included the negotiation of nine Protocols which effectively amended the Treaty of Chaguaramas, which established the Caribbean Community and Common Market (the Revised Treaty).
		Protocol 1, providing for the restructuring of the Organs and Institutions of the Community, and redefining their functional relationship entered into force provisionally on July 4, 1997, and by early year 2000, the last two remaining Protocols were signed, signaling a major stride towards the realisation of the CSME.
	amantoin.brinkster.net /ri/site/view.asp?id=30 (1263 words)

	CHAMBER ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Specifically, the CSME is effected through nine major amendments to the Treaty of Chaguaramas called Protocols, which will form the legal platform for the operation of the CSME.
		Though the implementation of the nine-protocol framework is imperative for the efficient and successful development and growth of the region, Protocol II should be seen as the most important new instrument in establishing the CSME as a single economic space.
		The empirical evidence to date, supports advocacy by the business community for the timely and full implementation of the revised Treaty which at present has entered only into provisional application which is the process by which the provisions of the Protocol could be implemented even though the national parliaments have not all ratified it.
	www.chamber.org.tt /article_archive/column/060203.htm (938 words)

	Bahamas News: CSME Shelved - Bahamas Business News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Minister Mitchell said he was not panicked by the level of debate that led the government to decide to hold off on signing the Revised Treaty.
		The government has said repeatedly that if it signs the Revised Treaty, it would seek reservations on the free movement of people; the monetary union; the Caribbean Court of Justice at the appellate level; and the common external tariff.
		With regard to this treaty; once you sign a treaty with a reservation, the provisions of the treaty against which there are reservations do not apply to The Bahamas neither can they be questioned in any court.
	www.bahamasb2b.com /news/wmview.php?ArtID=5416 (1431 words)

	Ministry of Foreign Affairs&Cooperation - Belize
		For its part, Belize is on schedule with its CARICOM approved programme of removal of restrictions on the free movement of skilled persons, goods, services and capital to meet the December 2005 deadline.
		The revised Treaty of Chaguaramas, establishing the Caribbean Community, Single Market and Economy has been signed by Belize and with effect from August of this year, enacted into Belizean law.
		Belize has already put in place arrangements for the Caribbean Court of Justice (CCJ) to function in its original jurisdiction, interpreting issues under the revised Treaty, but has still to amend the Belize Constitution to benefit from the soon to be inaugurated Regional Court’s appellate jurisdiction.
	www.mfa.gov.bz /news/press_release_detail.php?release_id=312 (513 words)

	CARICOM
		The Treaty establishing the Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM) was signed by the Prime Ministers of Barbados, Guyana, Jamaica, and Trinidad and Tobago at Chaguaramas, Trinidad on July 4, 1973, and entered into force on August 1, 1973.
		The Bahamas signed the Treaty on July 4, 1983, thus becoming the 13th member of the Caribbean Community but not a member of the Common Market.
		It is the final authority for the conclusion of Treaties on behalf of the Community and for entering into relationships between the Community and International Organisations and States.
	training.itcilo.it /actrav_cdrom1/english/global/blokit/caricom.htm (1934 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		To summarise, the Revised Treaty of Chaguaramas has revamped the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) and at the same time established the CARICOM Single Market and Economy (CSME).
		The CCJ is the regional judicial tribunal empowered under the Revised Treaty to adjudicate on the interpretation and application of the Treaty.
		The need for the CCJ is to ensure impartiality in the application of the Revised Treaty to the single market and to generate certainty in the interpretation of the intricacies of the rules governing the single market.
	www.chamber.org.tt /article_archive/column/250903.htm (959 words)

	treaty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		In order to achieve these stated objectives, the thrust of the draft articles is toward the establishment of an appropriate macro-economic environment, complemented by investment incentives, a sound legal infrastructure based on harmonised legislation in relevant areas, convergence of economic policies and relevant supportive administrative practices.
		The Community shall conclude with the Coverarnent of the Member States in which the headquarters of the Secretariat is situated an agreement relating to the privileges and immunities to be recognized and granted in connection with the Secretariat.
		This Treaty shall be open for signature on the 4th July, 1973 by any State mentioned in paragraph l(a) of Article 2 of this Treaty.
	axses.com /encyc/caricom/treaty.html (11599 words)

	SICE-Revised Treaty of Chaguaramas-Chapter 1
		Membership of the Community shall be open to any other State or Territory of the Caribbean Region that is, in the opinion of the Conference, able and willing to exercise the rights and assume the obligations of membership.
		For the purpose of this Treaty the States specified in sub-paragraphs 1 (b), (c), (g), (h), (m) and (n) of Article 3 shall be more developed countries and the remainder listed in the said paragraph shall be less developed countries.
		Within the scope of application of this Treaty and without prejudice to any special provisions contained therein, any discrimination on grounds of nationality only shall be prohibited.
	www.sice.oas.org /Trade/caricom/caric1.asp (2108 words)

	WILLIAM DEMAS
		At the signing of the Treaty of Chaguaramas on July 4, 1973, the late Dr. Eric Williams called on the assembled Caribbean leaders, diplomats and the 400-plus guests to give William Demas a standing ovation for his stellar role in the success of Carifta and as architect of Caricom.
		The signing of the treaty (although the rules contained therein were destined to be observed more in the breach) was workaholic Willie Demas's crowning glory.
		He served as Caricom Secretary General for one year and was succeeded by Alister McIntyre, one of his trusted lieutenants in the regional integration exercise.
	www.nalis.gov.tt /Biography/Demas_William-Biography.html (545 words)

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