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	Treaty of Fredrikshamn Information
		The Treaty of Fredrikshamn or the Treaty of Hamina (Haminan rauha in Finnish and Freden i Fredrikshamn in Swedish) was a peace treaty concluded between Sweden and Russia on September 17, 1809.
		The treaty concluded the Finnish War and was signed in the Finnish town of Hamina, at that time known by its Swedish name Fredricshamn (older spelling).
		According to the treaty Sweden ceded parts of the provinces Laponia and Västerbotten (east of Tornio River and Muonio River), Åland, and all provinces east thereof.
	treaty-of-fredrikshamn.zdnet.co.za /zdnet/Treaty_of_Fredrikshamn (585 words)

	Treaty of Fredrikshamn - enyclopaedia article about Treaty of Fredrikshamn
		The Treaty of Fredrikshamn on September 17, 1809, concluded the Finnish War between Russia and Sweden.
		According to the treaty Sweden ceded Aland, parts of the provinces Laponia and Westrobothnia (east of the rivers of Tornio and Muonio) and all provinces east thereof.
		Together with the Porvoo Diet (1809) the Treaty of Fredrikshamn constitutes the cornerstone for the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland, and thereby the start of the development which would lead to the revival of Finnish language and culture, and ultimately in 1917 to Finland's independence.
	www.pro-researcher.co.uk /encyclopaedia/english/treaty_of_fredrikshamn (310 words)

	Treaty of Fredrikshamn - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Treaty of Fredrikshamn (Freden i Fredrikshamn in Swedish and Haminan rauha in Finnish) was a peace treaty concluded between Sweden and Russia on September 17, 1809.
		The treaty concluded the Finnish War and was signed in the present-day Finnish town of Hamina.
		According to the treaty Sweden ceded parts of the provinces Laponia and Västerbotten (east of Torne River and Muonio River), Åland, and all provinces east thereof.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Treaty_of_Fredrikshamn (479 words)

	Science Fair Projects - Treaty of Fredrikshamn
		The Treaty of Fredrikshamn (Freden i Fredrikshamn in Swedish and Haminan rauha in Finnish) was a peace treaty concluded between Sweden and Russia on September 17, 1809.
		The treaty concluded the Finnish War and was signed in the present-day Finnish town of Hamina, which was located in a part of Finland that previously had been ceded to Russia by Sweden.
		According to the treaty Sweden ceded Åland, parts of the provinces Laponia and Westrobothnia (east of the rivers of Tornio and Muonio) and all provinces east thereof.
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Treaty_of_Fredrikshamn (467 words)

	Treaty of Fredrikshamn
		The treaty was signed in the present-day Finnish town of Hamina.
		According to the treaty Sweden ceeded Åland, parts of the provinces Lapponia and Westrobothnia (east of the rivers of Tornio[?] and Muonio[?]) and all provinces east thereof.
		Instead of the Åland islands, Sweden came to retain vast areas in the far North, already conquered by the Russians, where later important iron ore and hydropower were to constitute the basis for Sweden's rapid 20th century industrialization.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/tr/Treaty_of_Fredrikshamn.html (203 words)

	Treaty of Fredrikshamn
		The Treaty of Fredrikshamn or the Treaty of Hamina (Haminan rauha in Finnish and Freden i Fredrikshamn in Swedish) was a peace treaty concluded between Sweden and Russia on September 17, 1809.
		The treaty concluded the Finnish War and was signed in the Finnish town of Hamina, at that time known by its Swedish name Fredricshamn (older spelling).
		According to the treaty Sweden ceded parts of the provinces Laponia and Västerbotten (east of Tornio River and Muonio River), Åland, and all provinces east thereof.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/t/tr/treaty_of_fredrikshamn.html (550 words)

	Treaty of Fredrikshamn (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Treaty of Fredrikshamn on September 17, 1809, concluded the Finnish War between Imperial Russia and Sweden.The treaty was signed in the present-day Finnish town of Hamina, which at that time had already long been a part of Russia (its province of Old Finland).
		According to the treaty Sweden ceded Åland, parts of the provinces Laponia and Westrobothnia (east ofthe rivers of Tornio and Muonio) and all provinces eastthereof.
		Instead of the Åland islands, Sweden came to retain vastareas in the far North, already conquered by the Russians, where later important ironore and hydropower were to constitute the basis for Sweden's rapid 20th century industrialization.
	www.therfcc.org /treaty-of-fredrikshamn-55008.html (294 words)

	Treaty of Fredrikshamn Russia Finnish War a part of Finland Grand Duchy Karelia autonomous Tsar industrialization ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Treaty of Fredrikshamn (Freden i Fredrikshamn in Swedish and Haminan rauha in Finnish
		According to the treaty Sweden ceded ?and, parts of the provinces Laponia and Westrobothnia (east of the rivers of Tornio and Muonio) and all provinces east thereof.
		The territory to become the Grand Duchy of Finland is ceded to Russia by the Treaty of Fredrikshamn.
	en.powerwissen.com /fGl3PMNgK0D1yMNGjp7iyA%3D%3D_Treaty_of_Fredrikshamn.html (492 words)

	Vapaa Sana
		After the treaty of Stolbova, much of the southern part of the border was the same as it was later in the years 1812-1940.
		In the treaty of Hamina (Fredrikshamn) 1809, Russian-Swedish border was defined on the river Tornio.
		The final peace treaty that was concluded in Paris in 1947 did not alter the territorial clauses of the previous armistice in Moscow.
	www.vapaasana.com /Borders.htm (1472 words)

	Swedish Roots - for the descendants of the emigrants
		This sum was collected from the people according to their property, which caused detailed records to be made of all things of value.
		1645 A result of the wars during this period was the Peace Treaty of Brömsebro, in which Sweden gained Halland for 30 years, and Jämtland, Härjedalen, Gotland and the island of Ösel.
		1718 Karl XII was killed in the trenches outside Fredrikshald in Norway, and was succeeded by his sister Ulrika Eleonora, who shortly afterwards abdicated in favor of her husband Fredrik I. In the Peace Treaty of Nystad Sweden had to give up the Baltic provinces and most of the German conquests.
	www.genealogi.se /roots/year.htm (1990 words)

	ipedia.com: Treaty of Fredrikshamn Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Treaty of Fredrikshamn on September 17, 1809, concluded the Finnish War between Imperial Russia and Sweden.
		The treaty was signed in the present-day Finnish town of Hamina, which at that time had...
		The treaty was signed in the present-day Finnish town of Hamina, which at that time had already long been a part of Russia (its province of Old Finland).
	www.ipedia.com /treaty_of_fredrikshamn.html (355 words)

	Finnish War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Referencing the treaties of 1780 and 1800, the czar demanded Gustav Adolf to close the Baltic Sea to all foreign warships.
		Althoug he reiterated his demand on November 16, 1807, but it took two months before the king responded that it was impossible to honour the previous arrangements as long as the French were in control of the major Baltic ports.
		Sandels's action was only a prelude to the peace negotiations that opened in August and resulted in the Treaty of Hamina (Fredrikshamn) (September 17), in which Sweden ceded the whole of Finland to Russia, closed its harbours to British ships and joined the Continental System.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Finnish_War (1456 words)

	Treaty of Fredrikshamn (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Treaty of Fredrikshamn on September 17 1809 concluded the Finnish War between Imperial Russia and Sweden.
		The treaty was signed in the Finnish town of Hamina which at that time had already been a part of Russia (its province Old Finland).
		Together with the Porvoo Diet (1809) and the Oath of the Sovereign Treaty of Fredrikshamn constitutes the cornerstone for autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland its own and institutions and thereby a start of development which would lead to the revival Finnish culture to equal position of the language and ultimately in 1917 to Finland's independence.
	www.freeglossary.com /Treaty_of_Fredrikshamn (558 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Hamina
		The town was chartered in 1653 at the proposal of Count Peter Brahe, Governor-General of Finland.
		The Treaty of Hamina (1809), by which Sweden ceded Finland, along with parts of the provinces of Laponia and Westrobothnia and the Åland Islands, was signed in Hamina.
		Imperial Russia is the term used to cover the period of Russian history from the expansion of Russia under Peter the Great, through the expansion of the Russian Empire from the Baltic to the Pacific Ocean, to the deposal of Nicholas II of Russia, the last tsar, at the start...
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Hamina (1070 words)

	Treaty of fredrikshamn - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Start the Treaty of fredrikshamn article or add a request for it.
		Look for "Treaty of fredrikshamn" in the Wikimedia Commons, our repository for free images, music, sound, and video.
		Promotional articles about yourself, your friends, your company or products; or articles written as part of a marketing or promotional campaign, may be deleted in accordance with our deletion policies.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/treaty_of_fredrikshamn (188 words)

	Sweden proper - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Sweden proper, or Egentliga Sverige, is a term used to distinguish those territories that were fully integrated into the Kingdom of Sweden, as opposed to the dominions and possessions of, or states in union with, the Sweden.
		Specifically this means that from 1353 up to the Treaty of Fredrikshamn in 1809, Sweden proper did also include Finland (referred to also as Österland - during less than a century - in official Swedish government language --> Jouko Vahtola, History of Finland, 2003).
		Terra Scania, a former Danish land, came under the Swedish Crown by the Treaty of Roskilde in 1658, but it was not until 1719 that it was fully integrated and became part of Sweden proper.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/sweden_proper (206 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Treaty of Roskilde with Denmark (February 26, 1658)
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		Treaty of Kardis with Russia (June 21, 1661)
	www.informationgenius.com /encyclopedia/l/li/list_of_swedish_wars.html (211 words)

	List of treaties Information
		Treaty between the Egyptian pharaoh Ramses II and the Hittite monarch Hattusili III after the Battle of Kadesh (see [1] [2] [3])
		Reaffirms the Treaty of Tarascon, but fails to diplomatically settle the Sicilian question.
		Defines the bounderies of the Spanish and the Portuguese colonies in South America, replacing the Treaty of Tordesillas.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/List_of_treaties (1468 words)

	Swedish neutrality Information
		Lying at the base of the Gulf of Bothnia, the Åland Islands are situated alongside all the sea traffic lanes that come in and out of the Gulf, and are within range of Sweden, Finland and the Baltic states to the east.
		Prior to 1809, Sweden controlled the Åland Islands, but was forced to give up all control of them, along with Finland, in the Treaty of Fredrikshamn on September 17, 1809, to Russia, despite the fact that 90 percent of the island's inhabitants were Swedish.
		In the Treaty of Paris of April 18, 1856, Russia was required to stop the construction of any new fortifications on the islands, which Russia obeyed, despite unsuccessfully attempting to change the status of the islands in 1908.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Swedish_neutrality (1977 words)

	Discover the Wisdom of Mankind on Blinkbits.com
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	www.blinkbits.com /wikifeeds/TR?from=15600 (260 words)

	Ireland Information Guide , Irish, Counties, Facts, Statistics, Tourism, Culture, How
		The independent status of the islands was affirmed by a decision made by the League of Nations in 1921, and in a somewhat different context reaffirmed in the treaty on Finland's admission to the European Union.
		The Åland Islands were among the territory ceded to Russia by Sweden under the treaty of Fredrikshamn in September 1809; they became part of the semi-autonomous Grand duchy of Finland.
		At the same time, an international treaty was concluded on the neutral status of Åland, under which it was prohibited to place military headquarters or forces on the islands.
	www.irelandinformationguide.com /%C5land (1234 words)

	Treaty of Fredrikshamn Details, Meaning Treaty of Fredrikshamn Article and Explanation Guide
		Treaty of Fredrikshamn Guide, Meaning, Facts, Information and Description
		During the negotiations, Swedish representatives had namely endeavoured to escape the loss of the Åland islands, "the fore-posts of Stockholm," as Napoleon rightly described them.
		This is an Article on Treaty of Fredrikshamn.
	www.e-paranoids.com /t/tr/treaty_of_fredrikshamn.html (360 words)

	Museovirasto
		The main attack was to be made on land: first Fredrikshamn and then Vyborg would be taken.
		After the events at Fredrikshamn there was discontent among the Swedish officers.
		Soon after the second battle at Svensksund Gustav III proposed peace to Catherine II and the peace treaty was signed on the 14th of August 1790.
	www.nba.fi /en/gustavadolf_war (861 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		During the Finnish War between Sweden and Russia, the four Estates of occupied Finland were assembled at the Diet of Porvoo on March 29, 1809 to pledge allegiance to Alexander I of Russia.
		Following the Swedish defeat in the war and the signing of the Treaty of Fredrikshamn on September 17, 1809, Finland became a true autonomous grand duchy as a part of the Russian Empire.
		The main difference was Petsamo, which was ceded to Finland only in the Treaty of Tartu in 1920.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Grand_Duchy_of_Finland (774 words)

	1809 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		January 5 - Treaty of Dardanelles between Britain and France concluded
		The territory to become the Grand Duchy of Finland is ceded to Russia by the Treaty of Fredrikshamn.
		October 14 - Treaty of Schoenbrunn cedes Illyrian provinces to France
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/1809 (1196 words)

	Treaty of Fredrikshamn - The Jiggies Reference Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Treaty of Fredrikshamn - The Jiggies Reference Guide
		According to the treaty Sweden ceded Åland, parts of the provinces Laponia and Westrobothnia (east of the rivers of Tornio and Muonio) and all provinces east thereof.
		The ceded terrotories came to constitute a Russian Grand Duchy, to which also the 18th century conquests of Karelia including parts of Nylandia and Savonia were later annexed (see: "Old Finland").
	www.jiggies.com /reference/Treaty_of_Fredrikshamn (233 words)

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