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Topic: Treaty of Rome

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		The Treaty of Rome, signed in 1957, known more often as the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, was the second treaty of the three treaties establishing the European Communities.
		The Treaty of Amsterdam introduced into the treaties the concept of the fundamental principles of the European Union (liberty, democracy, respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms and the rule of law).
		The aim of the Treaty was to prepare the Union for enlargement and to develop the decision-making of the Community by developing the ‘Community Method’, where the institutions would form guidelines for the Member States, by strengthening the involvement of the European Parliament and introducing more qualified majority voting.
	www.eurotreaties.com /eurotexts.html (1705 words)

	A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union --T--
		The Treaty of Amsterdam, agreed in 1997 and ratified in 1998, was intended as a sequel to the Maastricht Treaty, with the emphasis on institutional reform to facilitate enlargement and address the EU's 'democratic deficit'.
		Given the furore which the Maastricht Treaty caused in 1992 and the extent of the subsequent alterations and additions made at Amsterdam, it is convenient to refer to the original Treaty as Maastricht, leaving the name Treaty on European Union to denote the consolidated and amended version, incorporating the Treaty of Rome.
		Europe's seminal Treaty, signed in 1957 and second of the three founding Treaties to be concluded (the first was the 1951 Treaty of Paris; the third, also signed in 1957, was the Euratom Treaty), the Treaty of Rome established the European Economic Community (later to become the European Community).
	www.euro-know.org /dictionary/t.html (4298 words)

	Treaty of Rome - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.umd.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Treaty of Rome established the European Economic Community (EEC) and was signed by France, West Germany, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg (the latter three as part of the Benelux) on March 25, 1957.
		Another treaty was signed the same day establishing the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom): both treaties in conjunction with the Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community, which expired in 2002, have become known as the Treaties of Rome (plural).
		Though the entry in force of the Treaty of Maastricht in 1993 was a further step in the direction of European integration, most decisions of the institutions of the Union are still taken on the legal basis of EC Treaty, which remains the main source of communitary legislation.
	en.wikipedia.org.cob-web.org:8888 /wiki/Treaty_of_Rome (419 words)

	United Nations Treaty Collection - Treaty Reference Guide
		Treaties that are negotiated within an international organization will usually be adopted by a resolution of a representative organ of the organization whose membership more or less corresponds to the potential participation in the treaty in question.
		Unless the treaty provides otherwise, the deposit of the instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession establishes the consent of a state to be bound by the treaty.
		In the case of bilateral treaties, ratification is usually accomplished by exchanging the requisite instruments, while in the case of multilateral treaties the usual procedure is for the depositary to collect the ratifications of all states, keeping all parties informed of the situation.
	untreaty.un.org /English/guide.asp (5386 words)

	The Treaty of Rome (1957) - The history of the European Union and European Citizenship
		On 25th March 1957, two treaties were signed in Rome that gave birth to the European Economic Community (EEC) and to European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom): the Treaties of Rome.
		The Treaty of Rome also established the prohibition of monopolies, some transport common policies, and the grant of some commercial privileges to the colonial territories of the member States.
		The EEC from its birth was based on a series of institutions: the European Commission, the European Commission, the European Assembly, later known as European Parliament, the Court of Justice and the Economic and Social Committee, whose competences were enlarged and modified in the diverse agreements and treaties that succeeded the Treaty of Rome.
	www.historiasiglo20.org /europe/traroma.htm (1536 words)

	Rome Treaty of - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Rome, Treaty of, treaty signed on March 25, 1957, establishing the European Economic Community (EEC), also known as the Common Market, as an...
		Rome, city, capital of Italy and of Latium Region and Rome Province, on the River Tiber, in the central part of the country near the Tyrrhenian Sea....
		In the Treaty of Rome of 1957, the six states of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), namely France, (West) Germany, Italy, Belgium, the...
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Rome_Treaty_of.html (125 words)

	SCADPlus: Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, EEC Treaty - original text (non-consolidated version)
		The EEC Treaty, signed in Rome in 1957, brings together France, Germany, Italy and the Benelux countries in a community whose aim is to achieve integration via trade with a view to economic expansion.
		With the entry into force of the Merger Treaty in 1967, the Council and the Commission become institutions shared by the three Communities (ECSC, EEC and Euratom) and the principle of budgetary unity was imposed.
		Treaty of accession of Cyprus, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Slovenia (2003)
	europa.eu.int /scadplus/treaties/eec_en.htm (2277 words)

	EUROPA - The EU at a glance - European treaties
		The most recent one, the draft Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe, aims to replace all the existing Treaties with a single text and is the result of the work done by the Convention on the Future of Europe and an Intergovernmental Conference (IGC).
		The Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) was signed at the same time and the two are therefore jointly known as the Treaties of Rome.
		The Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), which was signed on 18 April 1951 in Paris, entered into force on 23 July 1952 and expired on 23 July 2002.
	europa.eu /abc/treaties/index_en.htm (726 words)

	[No title]
		As soon as this Treaty enters into force, products which originate in or are in free circulation in one Member State and which have been exported to another Member State shall, on reimportation be admitted into the territory of the first-mentioned State free of all customs duties, quantitative restrictions or measures having equivalent effect.
		Where this Treaty provides for a consultative role for the ECB, references to the ECB shall be read as referring to the EMI before the establishment of the ECB.
		Where this Treaty provides for a consultative role for the EMI, references to the EMI shall be read, before 1 January 1994, as referring to the Committee of Governors.
	fletcher.tufts.edu /multi/texts/BH343.txt (14968 words)

	Internet Law & Policy Forum: Bringing law, policy, business and technology together
		The convention on the law of contractual obligations (the "Rome Convention") was opened for signature on the 19th of June 1980; it entered into force on the 1st of April 1991.
		In the second place, a proposition would be complementary to the Rome Convention on the law of contractual obligations, such that the whole scope of the law of contracts (with some well-defined exceptions) could be made subject to uniform conflict of law rules throughout the Community.
		Title IV of the Treaty of Rome, from which Articles 61 to 68 derive, does not apply to the United Kingdom or Ireland, unless those states exercise their "opt-in", subject to the terms laid down by the protocol to the Treaty.
	www.ilpf.org /groups/rome-treaty.htm (11887 words)

	Treaty of Rome
		The Treaty of Rome was the founding treaty of the European Economic Community (EEC), which later became the EU.
		The negotiations that led to the Treaty of Rome began at Messina, Italy in 1955.
		The Treaty of Rome was a ticket to greater economic growth because it started to break down the barriers to trade and investment that had existed in Europe since the 1930s.
	www.civitas.org.uk /eufacts/FSTREAT/TR1.htm (715 words)

	EU Glossary: Q-Z (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Given that the previous treaty - the Treaty of Amsterdam - had fulfilled its purpose and prepared the EU for enlargement, the government conference in 2000 and the subsequent meeting of the Council of Europe in Nice (December 2000) were once again concerned with tackling the issue of institutional reforms faced with enlargement.
		The Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom), which was signed (along with the EEC Treaty) in Rome on 25 March 1957, and entered into force on 1 January 1958.
		The Treaty on European Union raised WEU to the rank of an "integral part of the development of the Union", while preserving its institutional autonomy, and gave it the task of elaborating and implementing decisions and actions which have defence implications.
	www.dadalos-europe.org /int/materialien/begriffe_q-z.htm (3429 words)

	Review of EC Groundwater Direc., by U. Glaesser, F97
		189 (3) of the Treaty of Rome, directives are binding upon each member state to which they are addressed from the very moment they are issued as to the result to be achieved, but leave to the national authorities the choice of form and methods of implementation.
		With the Treaty of Rome the member states have created a constitution-like source of primary" Community law that conveys power to the EEC governmental bodies to create secondary" Community law within the limited scope of the specific (mostly topic-related) authorizations of the treaty.
		As long as the secondary norms are covered by the rule-making authorization of the Treaty of Rome, the member states are submitted to these rules.
	www.law.berkeley.edu /faculty/ddcaron/Archive/iel97/ie01006.htm (2341 words)

	BBC NEWS \| In Depth \| Euro-glossary \| Treaty of Rome
		The 1957 Treaty of Rome - signed by France, Germany, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg - established the European Economic Community.
		Along with the Paris and Euratom treaties it is one of the foundation stones of the European Community.
		Once a treaty has been signed, it must be ratified by all the member states before it comes into force.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/in_depth/europe/euro-glossary/1054640.stm (128 words)

	ANIMAL WELFARE AND THE TREATY OF AMSTERDAM
		The latest revision of the Treaty of Rome took place under the auspices of the Intergovernmental Conference (IGC), and resulted in the Treaty of Amsterdam.
		The Treaty, agreed in June 1997, was officially signed by the Member States of the European Union on 2 October 1997 and entered into force on first May 1999.
		Unfortunately, the Treaty still provides no legal basis for the introduction of legislation specifically intended to improve the welfare of animals and, therefore animal welfare-related legislation at EU level has to be based on other specific objectives of EU policy, such as the common agricultural policy, the internal market, and the environment.
	www.eurocbc.org /page673.html (349 words)

	European Welfare States - Information and Resources
		While noting these broad goals, the Treaty of Rome also provided for the Commission to act as the initiator of close cooperation between member states concerning their social policies in all matters employment, working conditions, social security, labor law, industrial relations, and the safety of the workplace.
		In fact, in the evolution of European social policy, the ECJ was critical: the Treaty of Rome contained some social policy provisions that were either not operative and merely a declaratory statement (equal pay for men and women) or subject to very different interpretations by the member states.
		This was the direct consequence of the objective in the Rome Treaty and reaffirmed in the SEA that an internal market required the aforementioned four freedoms.
	www.pitt.edu /~heinisch/eu_integ2.html (2648 words)

	[No title]
		The ethos of the Treaty remains firmly pro-economic growth, and the way in which the Community's environment policy is decided, implemented and enforced is not sufficiently effective to meet the unprecedented challenges facing the Community, and indeed, the planet.
		Thus Article 2 of the EEC Treaty includes among the tasks of the Community 'a continued and balanced expansion' and 'an accelerated rising of the standard of living' of the member states, with no concern for the quality of that expansion, or the conservation of resources, or the needs of future generations.
		The Treaty of Rome is remarkably vague on the enforcement of Court judgements.
	www.ciesin.org /docs/010-591/008-591.html.bak1 (6480 words)

	Treaty of Rome (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.umd.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Treaty of Rome signing ceremony Signatures in the Treaty The Treaty of Rome refers to the Treaty which established the European Economic Community (EEC) and was signed by France, West Germany, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg on March 25, 1957.
		The Treaty is therefore now generally called the Treaty establishing the European Community or the EC Treaty.
		Another Treaty was signed the same day establishing the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) : their conjunction is known as the Treaties of Rome (plural).
	treaty-of-rome.iqnaut.net.cob-web.org:8888 (328 words)

	Jay's Treaty - Search Results - ninemsn Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Jay's Treaty, treaty negotiated in 1794 to resolve differences between the United States and Great Britain that were still outstanding after the...
		One of the most active of the Founding Fathers and author with James Madison and Alexander Hamilton of The Federalist, John Jay served as President...
		In 1781 Franklin, John Adams, and John Jay were appointed to conclude a treaty of peace with Great Britain.
	au.encarta.msn.com /Jay's_Treaty.html (115 words)

	European Union FAQ
		The Treaty of Rome established a community independent of the member states capable of creating laws applicable both to member states and their citizens.
		The obligation to conform to the requirements of the Amsterdam Treaty explains the Government's determination to press ahead with the abolition of the right to Trial by Jury for certain offences, despite defeat in the House of Lords and widespread opposition from lawyers and civil rights groups.
		Article 99 of the Treaty of Rome called for the harmonization of indirect taxation to ensure "the proper functioning of the internal market" and in 1967 two directives required the adoption of VAT by all member states.
	members.aol.com /esceptic/eurofaq1.html (2051 words)

	CNN - Treaty creating war-crimes court gets preliminary nod - July 17, 1998
		ROME (CNN) -- A treaty creating a permanent international tribunal to try those accused of war crimes and genocide received preliminary approval Friday from delegates to a United Nations conference in Rome.
		The vote came after delegates beat back an attempt by the United States to amend the treaty to give countries the option of refusing to allow their nationals to be tried by the new tribunal under certain circumstances.
		The Americans' concern is that the court could be used for politically motivated prosecutions of troops sent on peacekeeping missions in various parts of the world.
	www.cnn.com /WORLD/europe/9807/17/international.court (680 words)

	trade-maastrict
		The Treaty on European Union, known as the Maastricht Treaty, was signed at Maastricht, the Netherlands, on February 7, 1992.
		The treaty amends the Treaty of Rome, which established the European Economic Community in 1957.
		The Maastricht Treaty includes specific references to environmental policy and sustainable development, in its Introduction of Signatories, in Article B of its Common Provisions, and in a Declaration on Assessment of the Environmental Impact of Community Measures within its final act.
	www.ciesin.org /TG/PI/TRADE/maastric.html (175 words)

	Edwin Ginn Library-Multilaterals Project-General
		Treaty establishing the European Community (Treaty of Rome) as amended by subsequent treaties through the Treaty of Amsterdam October 2, 1997; text version.
		Maastricht Treaty (Treaty of European Union) (12 Feb 1992) Treaty of Amsterdam (2 October, 1997).
		Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (17 July 1998); Ratification status.
	fletcher.tufts.edu /multi/general.html (485 words)

	European Parliament Fact Sheets - 4.1.1. The Treaty of Rome and Green Europe
		The Treaty of Amsterdam deleted Articles 44, 45 and 47 which had become obsolete.
		When the Treaty of Rome established the Common Market in 1958, agriculture in the six Member States at the time was strongly affected by State intervention, particularly with regard to what was produced, setting prices, marketing products and farm structures.
		Parliament was very critical of the Commission's new proposal in 1997 for reform of the CAP in its document entitled 'Agenda 2000' and its subsequent proposals for regulations in spring 1998.
	www.europarl.europa.eu /factsheets/4_1_1_en.htm (891 words)

	The Treaty of Rome (1957) (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.umd.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		This treaty established procedures of little importance in the area of monetary co-operation.
		The 6 founding countries of the Community (France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Italy and Germany) were participating in the international monetary system of Bretton Woods, that was characterized by some fixed exchange rates between the currencies with the possibility of readjustments when necessary.
		But the disappearance of this system together with the oil crisis around the beginning of the 1970s provoked general monetary instability that lead the Members States to attempt to establish a framework that would permit a minimum level of stability that could lead to a monetary union.
	www.dip-badajoz.es.cob-web.org:8888 /eurolocal/entxt/emu/antecedentes/troma.htm (111 words)

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